Papers by Prof Dr Anwar Chishti
Business & economic review, Sep 15, 2021
Organizational justice (OJ) literature focuses on the well-established theories of OJ dimensions ... more Organizational justice (OJ) literature focuses on the well-established theories of OJ dimensions (distributive, procedural, interpersonal, and informational justices) and the relative significance of different OJ dimensions on dependent variables (Ambrose & Schminke, 2009). However, literature suggest an equal focus on relevant missing theories of justice to have a complete understanding of this concept. The researchers assume that the inclusion of relevant missing theories in their respective OJ dimensions would yield better results. They used two data sets to test this assumption. One data set, include well-established theories using Colquitt (2001) scale, while the second data set include well-established theories along with the relevant missing theories, such as, external equity, equality, and need etc. They concluded that with the incorporation of relevant missing theories in their respective OJ dimensions; overall, results improved in terms of diagnostic statistics including specifically t-statistics (p-values), F-statistics and R2; however, missing theories claim has not been substantiated.
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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2000
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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2000
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215 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1994.This study aims to estimat... more 215 p.Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 1994.This study aims to estimate the welfare effects of the export tax imposed on Pakistan's Basmati Rice exports, compare with those of alternative policy options, and suggest possible policy reforms.It is found that the export tax produces positive effects for consumers and negative for producers, but on balance, it yields a net social gain for the society as a whole. An 'Optimal Export Tax' scenario apparently has certain advantages over the existing export tax, but the effects of the two taxes are not statistically different.A 'Free Trade' scenario provide compensation for producers, but entail losses in consumer surpluses and export tax revenues which exceed the gains in producer surpluses, and society, thus, bears net social costs.A more realistic approach, then, seems to be a gradual elimination or partial removal of the existing export tax. A decrease of 10% and 15% in the export prices would, respectively, bring insignificant reductions in the tax revenues and net social gains associated with the existing tax. While a reduction of 25% in the export prices would produce the highest foreign exchange earnings; foreign exchange earnings would decrease if the export prices further fall. What level of cut in the export prices, would be reasonable, depend upon the objectives to be pursued.The probable productivity gains, also, have certain bearing on Basmati rice trade. An estimated 10% increase in output, assumed to be generated by production gains, requires export prices to fall by 17% for market clearance; a smaller reduction in export prices would depress domestic prices as well as the output.A more elastic export demand simulated for the existing export prices regime produces lower producer surpluses; in addition, the drop in producer surplus per unit of consumer benefit increases as far as the export demand becomes more and more elastic.The above analysis suggests that tax on Basmati rice exports be eliminated so as the economy is free of its adverse effects. However, a gradual removal of tax seems appropriate in order to avoid the problems associated with a one-time complete removal of the tax.U of I OnlyRestricted to the U of I community idenfinitely during batch ingest of legacy ETD
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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2008
Quantitative analysis of the yields and revenues of crops gr own in the two ‘irrigation-&-drainag... more Quantitative analysis of the yields and revenues of crops gr own in the two ‘irrigation-&-drainage’ systems, being practiced along publicly-managed Kabul River Cana l and privately-managed Joe-Sheikh Canal of river Kabul, was carried out, using dummy-variable econometrics analytic technique. Both differential intercept and differential slopes were included to capture the effects of the two systems mentioned. Results revealed that yields per hectare of wheat and sugarcane were r elatively higher and net revenues lower in KRC command areas. However, the effects of yields on net returns were lower than that of the JSC. The results thus suggest that chances of increasing yields and net returns are higher on JSC. Second, the yields of wheat at Mid section and that of sugarcane at Head section of the KRC are lo wer than on that of the JSC. Hence, scope of increasing yields of wheat and sugarcane are greater at Mid and Head sections of KRC, respectively. Third, the net revenues of the two ...
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This study of Pakistan’s wheat crop develops econom etrically estimated supply and demand functio... more This study of Pakistan’s wheat crop develops econom etrically estimated supply and demand functions, id entifies government policies and interventions, estimates welfare effec ts associated with existing interventions and analy ses implications of the implementation of WTO’s trade liberalization in the country and abroad. The study points out that whea t crop had been subjected to ‘price tax-cum-import subsidy’ regime during 198 5-1995 and ‘price support-cum-import tax’ regime du ring 1995-2005 study sub-period. These interventions were found associat ed with welfare effects – higher losses to consumer s (Pak Rs.967.95 million per year) than gains to producers (Rs.918.91 millio n per year) during the latter period. Free trade si mulation results showed greater gains to consumers than losses to producers . If trade liberalization was introduced in world m arket, it would have resulted in additional gains (Rs.1619.68 million) to consume rs than losses (Rs.1537.01 million) to producers...
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A log-log-inverse econometric model, representing nonlinear Engel curve relationship for fresh mi... more A log-log-inverse econometric model, representing nonlinear Engel curve relationship for fresh milk in Pakistan proved to be a valid estimation technique of quantity and expendit ure elasticities with respect to consumers’ income. This model, when incorporated with dummy-variable for time-variation s, indicated substantial changes in quantity and ex penditure elasticities over time-period 2001-2005. During this period, the quan tity and expenditure elasticities witnessed statist ically significant changes in milk consumption. The quality elasticity of milk, w hich resulted as the difference between expenditure elasticity and quantity elasticity, turned out to be positive and enhanced in magnitude from 0.0532 during 2001 to 0.1684 during 2005.
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The study investigates the trade off between liquidity and profitability in the five sectors of P... more The study investigates the trade off between liquidity and profitability in the five sectors of Pakistan (Chemical, Fuel & Energy, Paper-Board & Products, Food (Sugar) Sector & Cement Sectors). The central objective is to understand the relationship between liquidity and Profitability in a profit driven Business to the nature and extent of the relationship between them. Further, to find the balance of the conflicting objectives of liquidity and profitability and to determine whether a functional relationship exists between Liquidity & Profitability and then estimate whether or not both reinforce each other or not. Liquidity measures are Current, Quick, Interest Coverage, and Debt to Equity, Creditors, and Stock & Receivables Turnover while the profitability measure was the Return on Assets. Investigation and quantitative analysis methods were used for the study. Analysis is based on data extracted from BSA and the accounts of the companies for the relevant period. Correlation and Pa...
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Jinnah Business Review, 2013
A number of tries helped estimate a regression model, specifying short run and long run relations... more A number of tries helped estimate a regression model, specifying short run and long run relationship between foreign direct investments (FDIs) and its two major determinants, namely trade openness and corporate tax rates in Pakistan. The estimated model, and both its Cointegration and ECM components, brings on surface certain important implications,for all major stakeholders. The public sector policy makers need to take note of the fact that foreign direct investment has been found being significantly affected positively by trade openness and negatively by corporate tax rates. So, efforts to enhance trade openness need to be encouraged. Similarly, the Federal Board of Revenue officials responsible for taxation policies in the country, should be aware of the fact that rates of corporate tax negatively and significantly affect FDIs in Pakistan; hence they should take this fact in to account while framing taxation policies and determining rates of taxes. The researchers interested in t...
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SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017
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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2000
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SSRN Electronic Journal, 2017
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The level of food consumption patterns and analysis of changes in such patterns determine how muc... more The level of food consumption patterns and analysis of changes in such patterns determine how much a nation and its inhabitants are poor and may also help to determine whether there have been some positive improvements in the nation’s health. This study mainly aims to determine the different factors influencing the level of consumption of food and its composition in Rural Peshawar, Pakistan. The data was collected from each respondent (lady heads of the household) through an interview schedule/questionnaire. For the analysis of data the consumption estimates were converted into per capita food consumption, and on the basis of calories estimates the calories intake was computed. When compared to national and international levels, the study area’s calorie intake (2411) is about equal to Pakistan’s average (2431) for 2000-02, but is lower than the world, developed countries, developing countries and Asia & the Pacific region countries’ averages, which, respectively, are 2803, 3314, 266...
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The purpose of this study is to investigate whether different facets of job satisfaction exist an... more The purpose of this study is to investigate whether different facets of job satisfaction exist and if yes, then their existence determine employees' total job satisfaction in Pakistani public and private sector organizations, and whether cultural dimension Power distance moderates between 'job satisfaction facets' and 'total job satisfaction'. From one perspective, findings of the current study support all nine hypotheses that claim nine facets of job satisfaction determine overall job satisfaction. But on other hand findings of current study do not support that power distance moderates relationship between job satisfaction facets and employees overall job satisfaction.Management of organizations, whether public or private sector, should take note of the fact that almost all nine facets of job satisfaction have been found statistically significant factors of determining of job satisfaction among employees; hence these factors should be considered and used as prim...
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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2007
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The impact of an ad valorem export tax on Pakistan's Basmati rice trade is analysed in a part... more The impact of an ad valorem export tax on Pakistan's Basmati rice trade is analysed in a partial equilibrium framework. Results suggest that producers of Basmati rice lost a considerable amount of their producer surplus while consumers gained in terms of their consumer surplus. The national treasury received tax revenues as well as some positive increases in foreign exchange earnings. The nation as a whole thus gained. However, the tax pushes up international prices, which may encourage other producers to increase their production and compete for their shares. A gradual decrease in the level of the export tax and an increase in producer price may take care of the adverse effects of the export tax.
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Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, 2014
The study in hand analyses the importance and value of Pakistan's textiles and clothing expor... more The study in hand analyses the importance and value of Pakistan's textiles and clothing export to the EU. The Correlation, Co-integration and the Error Correction Model (ECM) analyses are used. The Correlation results reveal that there exists a strong degree of association between the EU's total textiles and clothing imports and her imports of the same productsfrom Pakistan. Same is true for three major textile and clothingcategories (26, 65 and 84). The Co-integration analysis shows that there exists co-movement between the EU's total textiles and clothing imports and her imports from Pakistan, only in case of 65 -category textiles, reflecting the fact that Pakistan's performance in this category of textiles is satisfactory, relative to the other two categories.The 84- category textile and clothing products need special attention as these are relatively more important from the value addition point of view. There is a need of conducting research for finding out and i...
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Papers by Prof Dr Anwar Chishti
Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that special counselors be made available in each of the institutions of special students who are specially assigned the duty of lowering special students anxiety and depression.It was also recommended that special care be given to appoint administrative and teaching staff who give particular care to teaching and also provide due respect to the special students.Parents of the handicapped students should be aware to educate their children without discrimination of male and female and normal/abnormal. A good learning environment at school should be provided to special students, and teachers should be aware to teach according to the needs of special students‘ psychology.
Based on the findings of the study, it was recommended that special counselors be made available in each of the institutions of special students who are specially assigned the duty of lowering special students anxiety and depression.It was also recommended that special care be given to appoint administrative and teaching staff who give particular care to teaching and also provide due respect to the special students.Parents of the handicapped students should be aware to educate their children without discrimination of male and female and normal/abnormal. A good learning environment at school should be provided to special students, and teachers should be aware to teach according to the needs of special students‘ psychology.