Restoration and preservation of coastal dunes is urgently needed because of the increasingly rapi... more Restoration and preservation of coastal dunes is urgently needed because of the increasingly rapid loss and degradation of these ecosystems because of many human activities. These activities alter natural processes and coastal dynamics, eliminate topographic variability, fragment, degrade or eliminate habitats, reduce diversity and threaten endemic species. The actions of coastal dune restoration that are already taking place span contrasting activities that range from revegetating and stabilizing the mobile substrate, to removing plant cover and increasing substrate mobility. Our goal was to review how the relative progress of the actions of coastal dune restoration has been assessed, according to the ecosystem attributes outlined by the Society of Ecological Restoration: namely, integrity, health and sustainability and that are derived from the ecological theory of succession. We reviewed the peer reviewed literature published since 1988 that is listed in the ISI Web of Science journals as well as additional references, such as key books. We exclusively focused on large coastal dune systems (such as transgressive and parabolic dunefields) located on natural or seminatural coasts. We found 150 articles that included "coastal dune", "restoration" and "revegetation" in areas such as title, keywords and abstract. From these, 67 dealt specifically with coastal dune restoration. Most of the studies were performed in the USA, The Nether-lands and South Africa, during the last two decades. Restoration success has been assessed directly and indirectly by measuring one or a few ecosystem variables. Some ecosystem attributes have been monitored more frequently (ecosystem integrity) than others (ecosystem health and sustainability). Finally, it is important to consider that ecological succession is a desirable approach in restoration actions. Natural dynamics and disturbances should be considered as part of the restored system, to improve ecosystem integrity, health and sustainability.
Considerable research has examined the social, cultural, economic, and community benefits of urba... more Considerable research has examined the social, cultural, economic, and community benefits of urban gardening. Few studies, however, have empirically assessed factors that influence urban community garden agrodiversity or its relationship to these dimensions of gardening. We conducted an interdisciplinary study of agrodiversity and cultural identity, based certain markers of identity, including how people see themselves with respect to race, ethnicity, or place of origin, in community gardens in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. We conducted fifty-six semistructured interviews with gardeners with different cultural identities in eight community gardens on their motivations for urban community gardening during 2014. We conducted plant inventories of the corresponding garden plots and found 104 cultivated edible and ornamental species and 28 varieties representing 34 families. We find that although gardens with culturally diverse gardeners did not have higher species richness, the cultural identity of the gardeners influenced species selection and reason for gardening. Further, the structure, design and species composition of garden plots reflected the identities of garden members. These finding have implications for the recent institutionalization of urban agriculture into city land policies in Philadelphia and other cities in North America.
Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emi... more Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, todavía existen importantes retos para considerar las transformaciones sociales futuras y sus efectos sobre el clima y las sociedades. En este trabajo discutimos la utilización de los escenarios de cambio climático como una herramienta heurística para examinar las interacciones entre los sistemas terrestres y lo social. Discutimos particularmente la utilidad de las Trayectorias Socioeconómicas Compartidas que modelan futuros alternativos de desarrollo con distintos desafíos de mitigación y de adaptación al cambio climático. Reflexionamos sobre sus antecedentes, aplicaciones y usos potenciales para México.
Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emi... more Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, todavía existen importantes retos para considerar las transformaciones sociales futuras y sus efectos sobre el clima y las sociedades. En este trabajo discutimos la utilización de los escenarios de cambio climático como una herramienta heurística para examinar las interacciones entre los sistemas terrestres y lo social. Discutimos particularmente la utilidad de las Trayectorias Socioeconómicas Compartidas que modelan futuros alternativos de desarrollo con distintos desafíos de mitigación y de adaptación al cambio climático. Reflexionamos sobre sus antecedentes, aplicaciones y usos potenciales para México.
Pago por servicios ambientales en México: un acercamiento para su estudio, 2014
Los servicios ambientales de provisión, regulación, soporte y cultura han sido definidos, descrit... more Los servicios ambientales de provisión, regulación, soporte y cultura han sido definidos, descritos, valorados y estudiados desde varias disciplinas. En este sentido, la compensación por la conservación y el uso sustentable de los servicios ambientales es uno de los temas de mayor interés. Se ha recalcado el hecho de que los esquemas de compensación no han logrado competir con los costos de oportunidad para realizar otras actividades económicas; se ha reconocido la compleja burocracia que se requiere y que existe para implementar estos esquemas, la falta de monitoreo de la conservación de los servicios ambientales con indicadores más...
Restoration and preservation of coastal dunes is urgently needed because of the increasingly rapi... more Restoration and preservation of coastal dunes is urgently needed because of the increasingly rapid loss and degradation of these ecosystems because of many human activities. These activities alter natural processes and coastal dynamics, eliminate topographic variability, fragment, degrade or eliminate habitats, reduce diversity and threaten endemic species. The actions of coastal dune restoration that are already taking place span contrasting activities that range from revegetating and stabilizing the mobile substrate, to removing plant cover and increasing substrate mobility. Our goal was to review how the relative progress of the actions of coastal dune restoration has been assessed, according to the ecosystem attributes outlined by the Society of Ecological Restoration: namely, integrity, health and sustainability and that are derived from the ecological theory of succession. We reviewed the peer reviewed literature published since 1988 that is listed in the ISI Web of Science journals as well as additional references, such as key books. We exclusively focused on large coastal dune systems (such as transgressive and parabolic dunefields) located on natural or seminatural coasts. We found 150 articles that included "coastal dune", "restoration" and "revegetation" in areas such as title, keywords and abstract. From these, 67 dealt specifically with coastal dune restoration. Most of the studies were performed in the USA, The Nether-lands and South Africa, during the last two decades. Restoration success has been assessed directly and indirectly by measuring one or a few ecosystem variables. Some ecosystem attributes have been monitored more frequently (ecosystem integrity) than others (ecosystem health and sustainability). Finally, it is important to consider that ecological succession is a desirable approach in restoration actions. Natural dynamics and disturbances should be considered as part of the restored system, to improve ecosystem integrity, health and sustainability.
Considerable research has examined the social, cultural, economic, and community benefits of urba... more Considerable research has examined the social, cultural, economic, and community benefits of urban gardening. Few studies, however, have empirically assessed factors that influence urban community garden agrodiversity or its relationship to these dimensions of gardening. We conducted an interdisciplinary study of agrodiversity and cultural identity, based certain markers of identity, including how people see themselves with respect to race, ethnicity, or place of origin, in community gardens in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. We conducted fifty-six semistructured interviews with gardeners with different cultural identities in eight community gardens on their motivations for urban community gardening during 2014. We conducted plant inventories of the corresponding garden plots and found 104 cultivated edible and ornamental species and 28 varieties representing 34 families. We find that although gardens with culturally diverse gardeners did not have higher species richness, the cultural identity of the gardeners influenced species selection and reason for gardening. Further, the structure, design and species composition of garden plots reflected the identities of garden members. These finding have implications for the recent institutionalization of urban agriculture into city land policies in Philadelphia and other cities in North America.
Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emi... more Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, todavía existen importantes retos para considerar las transformaciones sociales futuras y sus efectos sobre el clima y las sociedades. En este trabajo discutimos la utilización de los escenarios de cambio climático como una herramienta heurística para examinar las interacciones entre los sistemas terrestres y lo social. Discutimos particularmente la utilidad de las Trayectorias Socioeconómicas Compartidas que modelan futuros alternativos de desarrollo con distintos desafíos de mitigación y de adaptación al cambio climático. Reflexionamos sobre sus antecedentes, aplicaciones y usos potenciales para México.
Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emi... more Si bien recientemente la comunidad científica confirmó el papel de la actividad humana en las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, todavía existen importantes retos para considerar las transformaciones sociales futuras y sus efectos sobre el clima y las sociedades. En este trabajo discutimos la utilización de los escenarios de cambio climático como una herramienta heurística para examinar las interacciones entre los sistemas terrestres y lo social. Discutimos particularmente la utilidad de las Trayectorias Socioeconómicas Compartidas que modelan futuros alternativos de desarrollo con distintos desafíos de mitigación y de adaptación al cambio climático. Reflexionamos sobre sus antecedentes, aplicaciones y usos potenciales para México.
Pago por servicios ambientales en México: un acercamiento para su estudio, 2014
Los servicios ambientales de provisión, regulación, soporte y cultura han sido definidos, descrit... more Los servicios ambientales de provisión, regulación, soporte y cultura han sido definidos, descritos, valorados y estudiados desde varias disciplinas. En este sentido, la compensación por la conservación y el uso sustentable de los servicios ambientales es uno de los temas de mayor interés. Se ha recalcado el hecho de que los esquemas de compensación no han logrado competir con los costos de oportunidad para realizar otras actividades económicas; se ha reconocido la compleja burocracia que se requiere y que existe para implementar estos esquemas, la falta de monitoreo de la conservación de los servicios ambientales con indicadores más...
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