Leandri C., Leandri F. (Eds). Archéologie en Corse, vingt années de recherche. Actes du colloque d'Ajaccio, novembre 2017. Édition Errance, Arles, Feb 16, 2022
Research conducted over the past 20 years on mineral raw material provenance in Corsica provides ... more Research conducted over the past 20 years on mineral raw material provenance in Corsica provides us with an overview of the circulation and diffusion patterns of raw materials on the island and in the surrounding areas during the Neolithic. Drawing upon the identification and inventory of potential sources, further progress in analytical methods, and the study of about 30 archaeological assemblages, the different research projects have focused on rhyolite, obsidian, chert, rocks used for polished artefacts, and clay minerals. The main results highlight uninterrupted relationships between Corsica and Sardinia throughout the whole period, as well as more sporadic but highly significant links with continental (Alps, Marches-Umbria) and insular Italy (Palmarola, Lipari). Long-distance circulations on the island and between mountainous and coastal areas are currently under investigation.
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Most of the bioclasts belong to cereals: Triticum monococcum, Triticum dicoccum, Hordeum vulgare and phytoliths of Pooideae. We also recognized endocarps belonging to Prunus mahaleb and Rubus cf. R. idaeus and woods of Rosaceae Prunoideae, Quercus t. ilex/coccifera, Juniperus sp. and Pinus t. sylvestris. The imprints of fern fronds attributable to two typical of wetlands - Osmunda regalis and Thelypteris palustris - are of particular interest.
The extraction of bioclasts allowed the identification and sampling of organic material suitable for 14C analysis without damaging ceramics. This constitutes a feasible methodological alternative to those currently in use. The dates obtained on plant remains extracted from potsherds corroborate the currently proposed chrono-cultural seriation for the Early Neolithic of the Ligurian-Provençal region.
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A multi proxy study, combining archaeological and paleo-environmental techniques (archaeological excavation and survey; geological survey; artefacts typology and raw materials sourcing, e.g. ceramic, obsidian; charcoal identification; pollen and NPPs analyses; micromorphology; magnetic susceptibility and particle size analyses) supported by 14C-AMS dates, are being carried out. The aim is to gain a better understanding of Neolithic economy in mountainous territories. The first results show a significant potential for the reconstruction of anthropogenic and environmental interactions in a remote landscape.
The research questions are predominantly focused on (1) the nature of the activities carried out at this seasonal settlement, considering the local geomorphological context and available resources; (2) the possible resilience or variations of activities through the chronological period considered; (3) the dynamics of vegetation change (tree line variation and anthropogenic indicators) and soil formation process, in relation with climate change and the potential impact of the introduction of agro-pastoral activities; (4) the role of Pinus in the forest cover assemblage and the potential use of pine resin in the tool making process linked with the nearby outcrop; (5) the interactions at a local and regional scales, but also in a wider context by demonstrating the links with the western Mediterranean.
This study, combined with previous studies of highland west Mediterranean occupations, enhances our understanding of the Neolithisation process of Mediterranean marginal landscapes.
Most of the bioclasts belong to cereals: Triticum monococcum, Triticum dicoccum, Hordeum vulgare and phytoliths of Pooideae. We also recognized endocarps belonging to Prunus mahaleb and Rubus cf. R. idaeus and woods of Rosaceae Prunoideae, Quercus t. ilex/coccifera, Juniperus sp. and Pinus t. sylvestris. The imprints of fern fronds attributable to two typical of wetlands - Osmunda regalis and Thelypteris palustris - are of particular interest.
The extraction of bioclasts allowed the identification and sampling of organic material suitable for 14C analysis without damaging ceramics. This constitutes a feasible methodological alternative to those currently in use. The dates obtained on plant remains extracted from potsherds corroborate the currently proposed chrono-cultural seriation for the Early Neolithic of the Ligurian-Provençal region.
A multi proxy study, combining archaeological and paleo-environmental techniques (archaeological excavation and survey; geological survey; artefacts typology and raw materials sourcing, e.g. ceramic, obsidian; charcoal identification; pollen and NPPs analyses; micromorphology; magnetic susceptibility and particle size analyses) supported by 14C-AMS dates, are being carried out. The aim is to gain a better understanding of Neolithic economy in mountainous territories. The first results show a significant potential for the reconstruction of anthropogenic and environmental interactions in a remote landscape.
The research questions are predominantly focused on (1) the nature of the activities carried out at this seasonal settlement, considering the local geomorphological context and available resources; (2) the possible resilience or variations of activities through the chronological period considered; (3) the dynamics of vegetation change (tree line variation and anthropogenic indicators) and soil formation process, in relation with climate change and the potential impact of the introduction of agro-pastoral activities; (4) the role of Pinus in the forest cover assemblage and the potential use of pine resin in the tool making process linked with the nearby outcrop; (5) the interactions at a local and regional scales, but also in a wider context by demonstrating the links with the western Mediterranean.
This study, combined with previous studies of highland west Mediterranean occupations, enhances our understanding of the Neolithisation process of Mediterranean marginal landscapes.
L’Italia per la sua posizione e per la sua conformazione geografica rappresenta un’area privilegiata per lo studio di questi movimenti e per comprendere la formazione di aspetti locali e la loro rielaborazione nel corso del tempo.
Obiettivo del contributo è di mettere a confronto due cerchie culturali, posizionate ad oriente e ad occidente della Penisola: si considerano alcuni siti chiave del Neolitico antico apulo materano e i siti costieri e insulari dalla Toscana alla Linguadoca. Se tutte le categorie di materiali contribuiscono ad una migliore definizione dei contesti, oltre che alcune riflettere la persistenza di tradizioni mesolitiche diversamente acquisite e assimilate, si ritiene la produzione ceramica l’indicatore discriminante per riconoscere il comune mondo dell’impressa e al suo interno individuare le variazioni intervenute nel tempo e nello spazio. Quindi a partire dalla lettura degli aspetti tecnologici, morfologici e stilistici delle produzioni fittili vascolari si propone la definizione delle caratteristiche delle due cerchie culturali, nelle quali si considerano i tratti diffusi nello spazio e/o persistenti nel processo evolutivo come le manifestazioni inusuali.
La seconda parte del contributo affronta le questioni emerse dal confronto fra le due cerchie, in particolare verificando l’incidenza e il significato dei tratti comuni, nonché la valenza delle innovazioni e/o modificazioni a livello tecnologico, formale e decorativo, in rapporto allo spazio e al tempo intercorso fra l’impianto dei primi villaggi del sud est e la diffusione nei territori più occidentali. La cerchia apulo-materana rivela più marcate somiglianze con l’Adriatico orientale, se pure siano largamente riconoscibili le peculiarità locali, soprattutto nei prodotti fini, maggiormente interessati dalle successive modificazioni evolutive, mentre i siti più antichi dei territori Nord occidentali, accanto a caratteristiche comprovanti la comune origine (alcune morfologie vascolari, elementi di presa, tecnica decorativa e stile ad impressioni isolate disposte con tendenza a coprire la parete del vaso, l’uso della conchiglia dentellata), esprimono nuove tecniche, i cd sillons d’impression, forme decorative proprie (distribuzione del decoro in spazi geometrici) e l’abbandono di motivi comuni nell’Adriatico (il rocker).
Nell’area occidentale, la distribuzione delle ossidiane di Lipari e di Palmarola è rivelatrice di possibili tappe dei coloni neolitici lungo le coste e sulle isole, ma la scarsità delle testimonianze in rapporto all’estensione del territorio considerato riduce finora le opportunità di individuare dove e quando il patrimonio originario sia stato rielaborato.
In this poster, we focus on the preliminary results on the selection and treatment of raw materials for pottery production, which provide insights on mobility, interactions and exchanges in the 6th millennium BCE. We have characterized the ceramic fabric by integrating data from two types of analysis: microscopic observation (10-40x) of the entire pottery assemblage (4500 sherds corresponding to 213 vessels), and analysis of 52 thin-sectioned samples via optical microscope.
The analysis conrmed previous studies by revealing the use of a wide range of raw materials from the region around the site, as well as the occasional presence of pottery coming from longer distances. In addition, the new stratigraphic data allow for the connection of
technological aspects of ceramic production and imports with the chrono-cultural context.
The study led to the identication and characterization of certain technological aspects such as the deliberate addition of temper. Through the combination of stratigraphic and archaeometric data, the use of grog or ground calcite as temper assumed a chrono-cultural marker meaning. Strikingly, results highlighted the abundant use of grog obtained from exogenous pottery as temper in local production in the early 6th millennium BCE levels.