Papers by Muhammad Farooq Jan
SAGE Open
This study examines the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in enhancing customer loyal... more This study examines the role of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) in enhancing customer loyalty by exploring direct and mediating effects of trust, credibility, and word of mouth. Cross-sectional data of 463 respondents was taken from Pakistan using an online survey because of the limitations of covid19. Hypotheses were tested using SmartPLS-3. Findings of the study revealed that CSR has affected customer loyalty significantly and positively. The mediating role of trust was found insignificant. Credibility and word of mouth were found as significant mediating variables in the linkage between CSR and Customer Loyalty. This study has provided a direction for the hoteling industry to incorporate CSR activities in their operation for gaining customer loyalty using empirical analysis. In this regard, this paper makes a significant contribution to the existing literature regarding the connections between CSR and customer loyalty with the help of trust, credibility, and word of mouth a...
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There are numerous causes responsible for attaining performance efficiency of human resource with... more There are numerous causes responsible for attaining performance efficiency of human resource within the organizations. In this pursuit, the current research has been aimed to further evaluate the relationship exists between Explicit Knowledge Sharing (EKS) within organizations and performance efficiency of the human resources. A quantitative study for the said purpose has been undertaken to ascertain the impact of EKS on performance of human resources while considering the moderating effect of Human Capacity Development (HCD). Quantitative study approach was adopted, and a structured questionnaire was developed based on the relevant studies already conducted in this field. The questionnaires were distributed among 500 respondents, out of which 345 responded, which provided the researcher with 69% response rate. Population of the study comprises wide range of organizations such as Government, Non-Government, International & Private Sector, which were consulted for the primary data collection across the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa & Capital Territory of Islamabad by adopting Simple Random Sampling technique. Analysis were drawn through the application of statistical software tools i.e. Amos for factor analysis & SPSS for statistical analysis.The analysis of the data revealed that organizations with EKS practices, subsequently accomplishes efficiency in the performance of their human resources through a positive moderating effect of Human Capacity Development. The usefulness of findings has been endorsed through numerous studies by the local and international scholars of the area.
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Relating unique identity of product with consumer buying behavior is not so straight forward. Man... more Relating unique identity of product with consumer buying behavior is not so straight forward. Many factors need to be studied in order to investigate this relationship. This study was conducted to see the direct effects of various marketing elements including brand name, service quality, food price and the ambient factors on customer perception about the restaurant image as well as the moderating influence of consumers' personality traits on such relationship. Data was collected from two hundred and forty customers in six well known restaurants of Peshawar in order to examine the hypothesized relationships. The findings of the study support the hypothesized relationship between the study variables and hence all the hypotheses of the study are supported. The study findings particularly the moderating role of personality traits of restaurant customers' in building customers' restaurant perception is of immense importance for academicians in general and restaurant management in particular. The study also presents valuable future research directions which will further this inquiry in future.
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This paper aims to investigate the mediating role of relationship conflict and moderating role of... more This paper aims to investigate the mediating role of relationship conflict and moderating role of organization citizenship behavior and leader-member-exchange quality on the relationship between team value diversity and team performance. Data was collected from 263 employees of the telecom sector addressing the variables of value diversity, team performance, relationship conflict, OCB and LMX. Regression analysis found that team value diversity negatively affects team performance, and relationship conflict significantly mediates this relationship. It was also found that OCB and LMX significantly moderate the relationship, such that in the presence of these two, value diversity doesn't affect team performance rather team performance is positive when these two are present. The findings of this research confirm that for effective management of team diversity in organizations, team leaders must also wisely manage relationship conflict in teams. The study presents worthwhile managerial implications and future research avenues.
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A number of women are leading a variety of organizations in Pakistan. The available research on t... more A number of women are leading a variety of organizations in Pakistan. The available research on the effectiveness of women's leadership is not so clear, and there have been mixed findings across different contexts. The present research attempts to view women's transformational leadership as a source of employees' trust and connectivity that leads to innovative behaviour of employees in women-led organizations of Pakistan. The study also investigates the simple as well as sequential mediation of trust and connectivity in the relationship between women's transformational leadership and employees' innovative behaviour. Using a survey-based questionnaire, cross-sectional data were collected from 366 employees of different organizations which are led by women. These organizations include educational institutes, advertising agencies and fashion houses. The data were analysed using the MEDTHREE analysis for direct and indirect hypotheses (single and sequential mediations). The results indicate that women's transformational leadership fosters trust, connectivity and innovative behaviour in the employees. Further, the results supported that employees' trust in their leader and connectivity mediate the relationship between women's leadership and innovative behaviour of the employees.
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Employee engagement has become an essential business construct for many leading organizations as ... more Employee engagement has become an essential business construct for many leading organizations as an essential driver for efficiency and productivity. The study discusses the drivers of the work engagement and employee performance at workplace by considering different resources including job and individual resources on the bases of COR theory in Pakistan (OGDCL).Questioners containing 34 items which was adapted from A. B. Bakker, Demerouti, Evangelia, Oerlemans, Wido GM (2014)The Job Demands-Resources (JD-R) questionnaire. AMOS statistical package was used to draw the model and check the mediation of PR (personal resource) between job resources and work engagement. Results shows that personal resources and job resources effect the work engagement as mediating and independent factor respectively while work engagement make very minimum to job performance. Directions regarding areas for future research are given.
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BRAND IMAGE AND BRAND LOYALTY, 2011
This study was conducted to determine the level of brand loyalty and image, to examine interactiv... more This study was conducted to determine the level of brand loyalty and image, to examine interactive role of those factors that determines brand image and loyalty, to determine level of brand loyalty and image of Toyota car users and to suggest measures for developing brand loyalty in district Peshawar. The data was collected through questionnaire from a sample of 100 Toyota car users that were selected through convenience sampling method. The results were analyzed on the basis of Chi-Square (x2) test to determine the differences among the group factors. The study on the basis of the results of the test statistics showed that Brand Image and Loyalty was highly insignificant with age group, level of education, point of purchase and repeat purchase duration. While it was observed by the results of the test statistics that brand image and loyalty was highly significant with brand choice of Toyota, level of satisfaction of the use of product, different feature of the product, coloring scheme of Toyota brand, the repeat purchase frequency of the product in contact and different societal factors associated with the product. The study recommended that the Toyota if want to remain on the top is required to adopt a lean and green marketing strategy against its main competitors, Toyota management should focus on consumer satisfaction, Toyota must beware of arrogance. The study also recommends that for Toyota, it is important to be able to establish supply chain management systems.
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In todays globalized world each and every fashion firm tries its level best to develop competitiv... more In todays globalized world each and every fashion firm tries its level best to develop competitive marketing strategies to achieve market leadership and also to have a competitive edge. The study has been conducted on R-sheen stores located in Peshawar. The data has been collected with help of questionnaires. A regressions analysis has been exercised in order to examine the association b/w R-Sheen's Marketing Mix tactics & consumer buying intention. A Positive association b/w Product, price, Place & Promotional strategies & fashion consumer buying intention has been explored through the study whereas the relation b/w pricing strategy and buying intention has been found weaker as compare to the product, placement and promotional strategies of R-sheen.
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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2018
Green management is charm of the day due to increasing focus on organizational social responsiven... more Green management is charm of the day due to increasing focus on organizational social responsiveness. The aim of this research is to check the impact of high-involvement green HR practices and employee relationship at work on organizational performance in educational institutes of district Attock, Pakistan. The base theory is best practices approach. This is checked through correlation and linear regression analysis where the findings confirmed that there exists positive relationship between dependent variable and each of the two independent variables. R²=0.718 shows reasonable portion of organizational performance being explained by independent variables. The findings overlay the path for adoption of high-involvement green HR practices and establishment of employee relationship at workplace in order to get high organizational outcomes and better performance.
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International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, 2018
Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship of established SMEs gro... more Purpose: The main purpose of the study is to investigate the relationship of established SMEs growth by focusing on role of innovation practices for growth of the firm as well as role of entrepreneur’s growth ambition.
Design: Study was designed for established SMEs growth in KPK. Scale was adopted for innovation and Entrepreneur ambitions and for growth scale was developed. A total of 250 respondents were included in the study from established manufacturing SMEs in KPK, Pakistan.
Findings: The results showed that there is a positive relationship among the variables of study and they have a significant role in the growth of established SMEs.
Keywords: Innovation, Entrepreneur ambitions, Established SMEs growth.
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Brand awareness measures the accessibility of brand in memory, and can be measured through brand ... more Brand awareness measures the accessibility of brand in memory, and can be measured through brand recall or brand recognition. This study aimed at the recall of the brands in post purchase satiation having focus on effects of advertisement and media which help in the recall of the product. The variables studied were recall and recognition and analyze with logistics regression. It was observed that the place and space of the advertisement play an important role in the recall of the brand besides this the proper categorization and shelving of the product also play a significant role in the recall. Results show that single eye fixation can create indirect priming affects, inhabiting or enhancing the recall of related brands depending on the relative accessibility in memory of the primed and target brands. However the study found no primacy effect, no decay effect, a reverse recency effect and reverse mirror effect [Key words: Brand and branding, Buying behavior, effect of advertisement and media, product recall. Customer satisfaction]
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This study aims to measure the internal service quality dimensions and patients satisfaction at t... more This study aims to measure the internal service quality dimensions and patients satisfaction at the Agha Khan University Hospital, Karachi whereas service quality is defined as what the customer pays accordingly, he/she gets service. Data from 163 respondents was collected through a self-administered questionnaire consisting of 23 items on Likert scale. The overall reliability of the questionnaire is 0.85 (Cronbach’s alpha). The findings show that tangibility-professionalism (H1a) and feedback-guidance (H1d) affect patients’ satisfaction. Further, the results have shown significant relationship between SERVQUAL dimensions and patients’ satisfaction.
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The review was aimed to extract the findings of studies on emotional intelligence specifically in... more The review was aimed to extract the findings of studies on emotional intelligence specifically in context of personnel performance in the organizations. The review consist of citing over fifty published articles (available online) covering the studies on emotional intelligence and connected it with the significance of EI on overall performance of individuals in organizations specifically. The review provides substantial support to the work of several researchers who have argued that EI is a significant predictor of work-related outcomes including motivation, creativity, managing stress and work-life balance. Moreover it is found in the review that emotionally intelligent teams can build social capital while emotionally intelligent leaders can strengthen the teams and cultivate a conducive work environment to achieve any milestone. The review strongly recommends to the leadership and the workforce of the modern organizations to acquire benefits of emotional intelligence in individual as well as social life through a dynamic learning attitude towards its components.
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The study aims to know the Private Education Institution role in the Social Development of Khyber... more The study aims to know the Private Education Institution role in the Social Development of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The study used questionnaire method from faculty, principles, and officers from private educational institutions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). A total of 1000 questionnaires were distributed out of which 688 filled questionnaires were received from the respondents with a response rate of 68.8%. The study results indicate that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa education enjoys a respect in the eyes of common man and each one considers it as an important wheel for the development of a country. It is revealed that private educational institutions greatly contribute to the enrollment of students in KP. Moreover, these institutions contribute towards educational awareness and creation of civic senses and physical nourishment of the youth. Finally, it is found that faculty is satisfied with job opportunity, pay and allowances, encouragement on the basis of good results, students' teacher relationship, method of appointment/induction, support for growth, professional attitude of the seniors and owners of these institutions. The only aspect where dissatisfaction have been observed is the job security and that's too because old age benefits like pension etc.
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The study was undertaken with an objective to identify
factors affecting brand food products abou... more The study was undertaken with an objective to identify
factors affecting brand food products about two major food
industries i.e. Mc-Donald’s and Kentucky Fried Chicken
(KFC). Factors included were taste and quality of product,
price of product, delivery of product, availability of
product, environment of restaurant, staff of behavior and
value for money. A pre design questionnaire was used to
collect relevant data about these two food industries in
Islamabad and Rawalpindi areas (n=324). The study found
that the product of KFC were relatively better as compared
to that of Mc-Donald’s in most of the traits studied
especially in Taste and quality of food, price of product,
staff behavior, delivery of product, and environment of the
restauran
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This study was conducted to determine the level of brand loyalty and image,
to examine interactiv... more This study was conducted to determine the level of brand loyalty and image,
to examine interactive role of those factors that determines brand image
and loyalty, to determine level of brand loyalty and image of Toyota car
users and to suggest measures for developing brand loyalty in district
Peshawar. The data was collected through questionnaire from a sample of
100 Toyota car users that were selected through convenience sampling
method. The results were analyzed on the basis of Chi-Square (x2) test to
determine the differences among the group factors. The study on the basis
of the results of the test statistics showed that Brand Image and Loyalty was
highly insignificant with age group, level of education, point of purchase
and repeat purchase duration. While it was observed by the results of the
test statistics that brand image and loyalty was highly significant with
brand choice of Toyota, level of satisfaction of the use of product, different
feature of the product, coloring scheme of Toyota brand, the repeat
purchase frequency of the product in contact and different societal factors
associated with the product. The study recommended that the Toyota if
want to remain on the top is required to adopt a lean and green marketing
strategy against its main competitors, Toyota management should focus on
consumer satisfaction, Toyota must beware of arrogance. The study also
recommends that for Toyota, it is important to be able to establish supply
chain management systems
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Impulse buying is a fun, puzzle and a research
question in today’s marketing world. The same is
u... more Impulse buying is a fun, puzzle and a research
question in today’s marketing world. The same is
under the study of psychologists, consumer behavior
researchers, economist, fashion designers, outlet
decorators and advertisers. Objective of the study was
to identify the nature of convenience product,
shopping product, and specialty product which may or
may not affect the impulse buying. The data was
collected with mutual efforts of faculty members and
students of private and public Universities.
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There is no huge industrial base in Peshawar. Most of the industries are either sick or closed an... more There is no huge industrial base in Peshawar. Most of the industries are either sick or closed and the operating units look for the short cuts to save most of the advertising cost, and for this reason advertising quality badly gets affected. Analysis of Primary, and secondary data of the study in hand describes the major problems for the advertising agencies in Peshawar which include bad debts, Late payments by the client and involvement of non-professional persons in advertising/publicity business. Such problems have restricted the advertising agencies to hire the services of the creative talent pool in the city, which resulted in the Brain drain of professionals to other parts of the country or to foreign countries. Advertising agencies also face major problem from the various associations, and the regulatory bodies of the trade-In addition to bad debts, and late payments the advertising agencies are also having pressures from clients or advertisers who expect other services free of cost like packaging consultancy, market research, website developments, and assistance at the distribution level which further increases the cost of advertising agencies. All these issues cannot be resolved with one go, but the efforts should be made to address all such problems. The starting points are the reduction of the risks of bad debts, and solve the problem of late payments particularly from government and government funded autonomous and corporate organizations and to increase in the commission rate from 15% to at least 25% for the advertising agencies by the media. The positive growth of adverting agencies and professional development of experts in the field will definitely contribute to the growth of business in Peshawar, which is need of the time to minimize the unemployment in the region.
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Papers by Muhammad Farooq Jan
Design: Study was designed for established SMEs growth in KPK. Scale was adopted for innovation and Entrepreneur ambitions and for growth scale was developed. A total of 250 respondents were included in the study from established manufacturing SMEs in KPK, Pakistan.
Findings: The results showed that there is a positive relationship among the variables of study and they have a significant role in the growth of established SMEs.
Keywords: Innovation, Entrepreneur ambitions, Established SMEs growth.
factors affecting brand food products about two major food
industries i.e. Mc-Donald’s and Kentucky Fried Chicken
(KFC). Factors included were taste and quality of product,
price of product, delivery of product, availability of
product, environment of restaurant, staff of behavior and
value for money. A pre design questionnaire was used to
collect relevant data about these two food industries in
Islamabad and Rawalpindi areas (n=324). The study found
that the product of KFC were relatively better as compared
to that of Mc-Donald’s in most of the traits studied
especially in Taste and quality of food, price of product,
staff behavior, delivery of product, and environment of the
restauran
to examine interactive role of those factors that determines brand image
and loyalty, to determine level of brand loyalty and image of Toyota car
users and to suggest measures for developing brand loyalty in district
Peshawar. The data was collected through questionnaire from a sample of
100 Toyota car users that were selected through convenience sampling
method. The results were analyzed on the basis of Chi-Square (x2) test to
determine the differences among the group factors. The study on the basis
of the results of the test statistics showed that Brand Image and Loyalty was
highly insignificant with age group, level of education, point of purchase
and repeat purchase duration. While it was observed by the results of the
test statistics that brand image and loyalty was highly significant with
brand choice of Toyota, level of satisfaction of the use of product, different
feature of the product, coloring scheme of Toyota brand, the repeat
purchase frequency of the product in contact and different societal factors
associated with the product. The study recommended that the Toyota if
want to remain on the top is required to adopt a lean and green marketing
strategy against its main competitors, Toyota management should focus on
consumer satisfaction, Toyota must beware of arrogance. The study also
recommends that for Toyota, it is important to be able to establish supply
chain management systems
question in today’s marketing world. The same is
under the study of psychologists, consumer behavior
researchers, economist, fashion designers, outlet
decorators and advertisers. Objective of the study was
to identify the nature of convenience product,
shopping product, and specialty product which may or
may not affect the impulse buying. The data was
collected with mutual efforts of faculty members and
students of private and public Universities.
Design: Study was designed for established SMEs growth in KPK. Scale was adopted for innovation and Entrepreneur ambitions and for growth scale was developed. A total of 250 respondents were included in the study from established manufacturing SMEs in KPK, Pakistan.
Findings: The results showed that there is a positive relationship among the variables of study and they have a significant role in the growth of established SMEs.
Keywords: Innovation, Entrepreneur ambitions, Established SMEs growth.
factors affecting brand food products about two major food
industries i.e. Mc-Donald’s and Kentucky Fried Chicken
(KFC). Factors included were taste and quality of product,
price of product, delivery of product, availability of
product, environment of restaurant, staff of behavior and
value for money. A pre design questionnaire was used to
collect relevant data about these two food industries in
Islamabad and Rawalpindi areas (n=324). The study found
that the product of KFC were relatively better as compared
to that of Mc-Donald’s in most of the traits studied
especially in Taste and quality of food, price of product,
staff behavior, delivery of product, and environment of the
restauran
to examine interactive role of those factors that determines brand image
and loyalty, to determine level of brand loyalty and image of Toyota car
users and to suggest measures for developing brand loyalty in district
Peshawar. The data was collected through questionnaire from a sample of
100 Toyota car users that were selected through convenience sampling
method. The results were analyzed on the basis of Chi-Square (x2) test to
determine the differences among the group factors. The study on the basis
of the results of the test statistics showed that Brand Image and Loyalty was
highly insignificant with age group, level of education, point of purchase
and repeat purchase duration. While it was observed by the results of the
test statistics that brand image and loyalty was highly significant with
brand choice of Toyota, level of satisfaction of the use of product, different
feature of the product, coloring scheme of Toyota brand, the repeat
purchase frequency of the product in contact and different societal factors
associated with the product. The study recommended that the Toyota if
want to remain on the top is required to adopt a lean and green marketing
strategy against its main competitors, Toyota management should focus on
consumer satisfaction, Toyota must beware of arrogance. The study also
recommends that for Toyota, it is important to be able to establish supply
chain management systems
question in today’s marketing world. The same is
under the study of psychologists, consumer behavior
researchers, economist, fashion designers, outlet
decorators and advertisers. Objective of the study was
to identify the nature of convenience product,
shopping product, and specialty product which may or
may not affect the impulse buying. The data was
collected with mutual efforts of faculty members and
students of private and public Universities.