Books by Teodora Mladenović
by Dimitrije Markovic, Teodora Mladenović, Mladen Mladenović, Chiara Messana, Elena Vasileva, Vito Giuseppe Prillo, Milan Savić, Aleksa Alaica, Ana Beatriz Santos, Jessica Peto, ROCÍO PAZOS GARCÍA, Rosana Cerezo-Fernández, Jacob I Griffith, and Benjamin Wimmer The book of abstracts from the 9th PZAF (Postgraduate Zooarchaeology Forum)
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Papers by Teodora Mladenović
Archaeologia Bulgarica ХХVIII (2), 2024
This paper presents the preliminary results of the archaeozoological analysis of the faunal mater... more This paper presents the preliminary results of the archaeozoological analysis of the faunal material unearthed in the southeastern part of the North Bastion of the Novi Pazar fortress (Southwestern Serbia). Archaeofaunal assemblage was collected during rescue excavations in 2021, and it dates back to the period between the 16th and the 19th centuries. Primarily, these remains represent food leftovers, as indicated by the relative distribution of species and skeletal elements, bone fragmentation, butchery marks, and mortality profiles. In the analysed sample, different mammal, bird, and mollusc species are represented. Among mammals, remains of domestic species are dominant, with caprines being the most frequent. Apart from sheep and goat, cattle, horse, and cat specimens are present within the faunal assemblage. Wild mammals were relatively scarce, with remains of hare being the most common, although the presence of roe deer is also documented. The most frequent bird species is chicken, with occasional remains of domestic goose, domestic duck, and common buzzard. All molluscs belong to marine species – one rough cockle and one snail from the Semicassis genus.
Key words: faunal remains, archaeozoology, Modern period (16-19. centuries AD), North Bastion, Novi Pazar fortress, Serbia.
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Bioarheologija na Balkanu: Studije iz antropologije i zooarheologije, 2023
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Представљeни су тренутно стање очуваности и степен угрожености надгробних споменика на локалитету... more Представљeни су тренутно стање очуваности и степен угрожености надгробних споменика на локалитету Маџарско гробље у Љигу. Гробље је познато по стећцима – слемењацима са постољем. Евидентирано је око 80 надгробника, који се могу разврстати у четири групе: усадник-стела, усадник-крст, положен надгробни споменик и комбинација усадник-стела/крст и положен надгробни споменик. На основу натписа, датују се на почетак XIX века, али је извесно да има и старијих. Будући да до девастирања локалитета долази услед ширења савременог гробља, ауторке указују на тренутни степен угрожености ових надгробника и потребу њихове заштите.
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Archaica 9/2021 / Архаика 9/2021, 2022
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Archaica 9 (2021), 2022
Although today there are a lot of various publications about the Vatin culture, its periodisation... more Although today there are a lot of various publications about the Vatin culture, its periodisation, characteristics, and material culture, the data on the exploitation of animals based on the analysis of faunal material is very modest. Therefore, this paper provides a valuable insight into animal exploitation during the Middle Bronze Age, based on results of archaeozoological analysis of one small assemblage from the Jaruga-Izbište site, related to the Vatin Culture. Relative distribution of species and skeletal elements, butchering marks, and bone fragmentation, suggest that animal remains from this sample mostly represent food leftovers. Faunal assemblage predominately consisted of mammal remains, while molluscs were present as well. Animal husbandry had a significant role, according to the high representation of domestic mammals (cattle, caprines, pig, horse, and dog), while hunting had a secondary role (rare remains of wild boar were the only specimens among wild mammals). The presence of freshwater shells from the Unio genus suggests exploitation of aquatic resources as well.
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Animal Husbandry and Hunting in the Central and Western Balkans Through Time (eds N. Marković & J. Bulatović), 2020
The paper is a summary of the results of zooarchaeological analyses from Medieval sites in the te... more The paper is a summary of the results of zooarchaeological analyses from Medieval sites in the territory of present-day Serbia. According to the available information, animal exploitation and diet strategies of the inhabitants of Medieval settlements were mainly oriented to the breeding of domestic animals. Remains of economically the most important animals such as cattle, sheep, goat, and pig are the most numerous, while the remains of equids, pets, and domestic birds are less represented in faunal assemblages. Hunting and fishing had a secondary role in the economy of Medieval settlements.
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Materiale şi Cercetări Arheologice (serie nouă) XVI, 2020
This paper presents the results of the faunal remains analysis from the medieval settlement of th... more This paper presents the results of the faunal remains analysis from the medieval settlement of the Pančevo – Livade site, discontinuously occupied between the 8th and the 13th centuries. The animal remains represent food leftovers as indicated by the butchering marks and mortality profiles. Apart from mammalian remains, which are the most numerous, bird, micromammal, and mollusc remains are also present. Animal husbandry was of great significance to the economy, although not highly developed-domestic animal breeds were small and primitive. During the earlier phase of the settlement (8–9th centuries), domestic pig was the main source of meat, with cattle, sheep, goats, and horses herded as well. During the later phase of the settlement (10th–11th centuries), cattle were the most important among the domestic species. Pig continued to be the main source of meat, while the secondary products of cattle, sheep, and goats gained greater significance. Hunting played a somewhat more significant role in the economy of the later phase, as indicated by a greater number of hunted wild species – boar, red deer, and mallard.
Rezumat: Studiul de față prezintă rezultatele analizei arheozoologice asupra materialului faunistic din situl arheologic de la Pančevo – Livade, care prezintă o locuire discontinuă între secolele VIII–XIII. Resturile faunistice sunt reprezentate de deșeuri alimentare așa cum indică urmele de descărnare și profilurile de abataj. În afara resturilor de mamifere care sunt cele mai numeroase, sunt prezente de asemenea și oase de pasăre, micro-mamifere și scoici. Creșterea animalelor deținea un loc important în economia nu foarte bine dezvoltată a comunității, speciile identificate având statură mică și caracteristici primitive. Pe durata locuirii mai timpurii a sitului (secolele VIII–IX), principala sursă de carne a constituit-o porcul domestic, dar sunt prezente și vitele și ovicaprinele. În timpul locuirii mai târzii (secolele X–XI), vitele devin specia cea mai importantă. Porcul continuă să fie principala sursă de carne, iar produsele secundare obținute de pe urma vitelor și ovicaprinelor cresc în importanță. Rolul vânătorii crește relativ în ponderea economică a acestei faze târzii, așa cum este indicat de numărul mai mare de specii sălbatice – porc mistreț, cerb și rață sălbatică.
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Archaeology and Science 12
Two archaeological campaigns were carried out during 2007 and 2008 at fortified castle at the Kul... more Two archaeological campaigns were carried out during 2007 and 2008 at fortified castle at the Kulina-Solotuša site, dating from the 15th century, placed on the eastern slopes of Tara mountain. This paper presents the results of archaeozoological analysis of faunal material collected during 2008 campaign in squares B1-B9 and V1. Domestic animals outnumber wild species. The most important among them are cattle, sheep, goats and pigs, while the remains of horses, dogs and domestic fowl are far
less present. The game consists of wild boar, red deer, roe deer, brown bear and hare. Age of animals, fragmentation and the presence of a large number of butchery traces indicate that most of the animal bones are remains of food.
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Conference Presentations by Teodora Mladenović
2nd ICAZ Medieval Period Working Group Meeting - Book of Abstracts, 2-6.10., Sofia, Bulgaria, 2024
Koprijan fortress is located on the slopes of Seličevica mountain above the right bank of the sou... more Koprijan fortress is located on the slopes of Seličevica mountain above the right bank of the southern Morava River near the city of Niš (Southern Serbia). It
represents a well-preserved Medieval fortified towns in Serbia. The town was
rebuilt during the reign of Prince Lazar in 1372, when it was in the system of
defence against the Turks. After the Turkish capture of the town in 1451, the
fortress was abandoned, because it was outside the zone of military operations. Koprijan was recorded as a cultural monument in the early years after the Second
World War, but archaeological research began recently, in 2022. In the first three campaigns, the Upper Town area was mostly explored, at the level of the most
recent use from the late 14th and early 15th centuries. During these campaigns,
animal remains were meticulously collected. This paper aims to present preliminary
results of archaeofaunal analyses and try to unveil exploitation strategies and
dietary patterns of the inhabitants of the Korpijan fortress throughout the late 14th and the first half of the 15th century. So far, the remains of mammals, birds, fish and reptiles were confirmed. Among mammals caprines were the most dominant, followed by cattle, pigs, and dogs, while the game is represented by wild boar and red deer. The bird class includes geese, chicken, and ducks, and cyprinids were the only fish representatives. A single reptile find belonged to the turtle. Since the
archaeological research of Koprijan will continue in the future, the analysis of new
archaeozoological material will enrich the current understanding of human-
animal relations in the past and profound the knowledge of the way animals were exploited in Medieval Serbia.
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2nd ICAZ Medieval Period Working Group Meeting - Book of Abstracts, 2-6.10., Sofia, Bulgaria, 2024
The transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern period in the territory of present-day Serbia b... more The transition from the Middle Ages to the Modern period in the territory of present-day Serbia brought significant economic and social changes. During the Medieval period, the economy was predominantly agricultural with most people engaged in farming and animal husbandry. Artisans produced pottery, textiles, and metalwork, and trade routes connected this part of the Balkans with Europe, Asia, and the Middle East. However, frequent warfare and political instability during the late Medieval period disrupted the economy, leading to a decline in prosperity. Present-day Serbia includes territories with different cultural and historical development during the Medieval and Modern periods. In the late Middle Ages, its northern areas were part of the Kingdom of Hungary, with occasional inclusion of some territories within the Serbian state. Afterward, the Ottomans governed the region of southern Pannonia (16–17th c.), whereas the territories south of the Sava and the Danube rivers fell under Ottoman reign following the collapse of the Medieval Serbian state (mid-15th c.). Since the beginning of the Modern era, the economy relied heavily on agriculture and animal husbandry, with a tax collection and administration system that extracted resources from the population, leading to poverty and inequality. The Ottoman Empire maintained control over the region's trade routes, which allowed them to regulate and tax the flow of goods. Regardless of these challenges, crafts and industries such as textiles, pottery, and metalworking continued to develop. Results of zooarchaeological analyses showed that some changes in the economy between the late Medieval and Modern periods in Serbia can be traced based on this type of remains, despite the small number of archaeofaunal assemblages. The economy of all settlements was oriented towards the exploitation of domesticated species. The differences between periods are primarily reflected in strategies of their exploiting, which might be related to the religious composition of the population. Poultry was somewhat more important during the Modern period while hunting and fishing played a secondary role in the economy of both period settlements.
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2nd ICAZ Medieval Period Working Group Meeting - Book of Abstracts, 2-6.10., Sofia, Bulgaria, 2024
The Koznik fortress is located on the western slopes of Kopaonik mountain 9 km west of Aleksandro... more The Koznik fortress is located on the western slopes of Kopaonik mountain 9 km west of Aleksandrovac in Southern Serbia. Positioned dominantly at 922 m asl, it overlooks the Rasina River and stands as one of the well-preserved medieval fortresses in Serbia. Medieval fortress, constructed on the foundations of its ancient predecessor, flourished during the latter half of the 14th century. The Upper Town has an almost triangular base that fits into the configuration of the terrain with the rampart fortified by seven towers. The suburb is situated south of the fortress. Following the collapse of the medieval Serbian state, Koznik came under Ottoman control and retained its strategic importance. However, by the late 17th century, the fortification was abandoned. Several archaeological excavations have been conducted at the Koznik fortress over the years. The most recent campaigns were conducted in the Upper Town and the suburb in 2019 and 2022, and the analysed faunal assemblage derives from these areas. This paper represents the preliminary results of the first analysis of the archaeozoological remains from the medieval and modern period layers of the Koznik fortress. It provides valuable insights into the dietary practices of the Upper Town and the surrounding suburb inhabitants during these historical periods and delves into the comparisons between the two epochs. The significance of this paper goes beyond just the information it provides. It contributes to increasing the number of analysed samples, especially considering the scarcity of the late medieval period and almost the absence of the modern period data in Serbia.
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Крај Другог светског рата у Србији – научни скуп поводом осамдесетe годишњице Светосавског конгреса у селу Ба – књига апстраката, 6–7. септембар, Рајац, Србија, 2024
Локалитет Градужине налази се у селу Дебрц, на десној обали Саве, на подручју општине Владимирци.... more Локалитет Градужине налази се у селу Дебрц, на десној обали Саве, на подручју општине Владимирци. На троугаоном платоу изнад реке данас су видљиви остаци двоструког бедема (изграђеног од дрвета и земље) и два рова. Током археолошких истраживања спроведених 2022. године од стране Завода за заштиту споменика културе Ваљево, истражено је 5 мањих сонди које су обухватиле део бедема као и укопани објекат 1, и том приликом прикупљен је различит археолошки материјал – грнчарија, ситни метални налази, као и животињски остаци. На основу покретног материјала, истражени слој датован је у период 10–11. века.
У овом раду биће представљени резултати анализе остатака животиња пронађених на простору уз бедем, у објекту 1, као и у слоју. Архезоолошки подаци указују на то да су у фауналном скупу најбројнији сисари, а да се поред њих јављају још птице и рибе. Међу остацима сисара, најзаступљенији су остаци домаћих врста, пре свега, свиња и говеда, а забележене су и овце, козе, пас и коњ. Од дивљих врста јављају се дивља свиња, јелен, срна и зец. Класи птица припадају кости кокошке и гуске, док се од риба срећу јесетровке, деверика, шаран, штука, смуђ и сом.
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EAA 2024 28–31 Aug Rome: Persisting with change. Abstract Book, 2024
Human activities such as agriculture, deforestation and urbanization, and other factors like clim... more Human activities such as agriculture, deforestation and urbanization, and other factors like climatic fluctuations, altitude variations and demographic shifts have influenced the distribution of wildlife over millennia. By examining the dynamics of human-wildlife conflict, the ARCHAEOWILD project aims to elucidate the intricate relationships between humans, animals, and landscapes in the context of changing socio-economic and environmental conditions throughout the Holocene. This presentation introduces a synthesis of all (un)published data on wild mammal and plant remains from archaeological sites across Serbia throughout the Holocene, encompassing various periods from the Mesolithic to Medieval times. Utilizing information sourced from all available publications, we conducted statistical analyses and spatial mapping using QGIS to discern spatio-temporal patterns in wildlife distribution. We aimed to identify and understand the possible trends of wild species distributions between individual sites, site types, regions and periods. Our work contributes to the broader theme of the Archaeology of Wilderness, shedding light on the nuanced interplay between human societies and their natural surroundings over time and providing an exclusive overview of the spatial and temporal distribution of wildlife during the Holocene. Findings presented here give valuable insights into the long-term impacts of human civilization on wildlife populations and ecosystems, highlighting the importance of interdisciplinary approaches in understanding past landscapes and informing contemporary conservation efforts.
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EAA 2024 28–31 Aug Rome: Persisting with change. Abstract Book, 2024
Brown bear, the strongest and the largest animal native to Europe, experienced a large population... more Brown bear, the strongest and the largest animal native to Europe, experienced a large population decrease during the Holocene, and even regional extinctions. In the Central Balkans, in present-day Serbia, brown bear populations are declared as strictly protected mammal species and are subjected to regional protection measures. The analysis of a large number of faunal collections from Holocene archaeological sites in the region revealed that brown bears were regularly hunted throughout (pre)history, which suggests that they inhabited the local woods in the long term. However, due to anthropogenic pressure, the local environment and consequently the brown bear habitats, underwent significant changes throughout the Holocene. Introduction of domestic plants and animals in the Early Neolithic and the subsequent spread of agriculture, large scale deforestation and urbanisation from the Roman era onwards, as well as hunting of the beasts for fun and pleasure, must have impacted the brown bear populations in the region. To understand the population history of brown bears in the Central Balkans, within the ARCHAEOWILD project (funded by the Science Fund of Serbia) we conducted a genetic study of ancient brown bears in this region for the first time. The study of mitogenomes of brown bears revealed three known European subclades in the dataset from the Central Balkans, with the addition of a new haplogroup not previously discovered elsewhere. We will use the obtained
archaeogenetic data from diachronic and regional perspectives to discover the possible trends of brown bear population changes. Furthermore, we will link the genetic dataset with specific archaeological contexts, as well as taphonomic features of the bones, which tell individual stories about human-bear interactions. We believe that the results regarding the past populations can stimulate current conservation efforts in the management of brown bears.
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EAA 2024 28–31 Aug Rome: Persisting with change. Abstract Book, 2024
Whereas an unprecedented number of megafauna species became extinct during the late Pleistocene, ... more Whereas an unprecedented number of megafauna species became extinct during the late Pleistocene, some of them – such as the European wild ass (Equus hydruntinus) and aurochs (Bos primigenius) – persisted in selected Holocene refugia. The Pannonian Plain and the Balkan Peninsula proved to be such refugial and biodiversity hotspots. Nevertheless, their populations dwindled, becoming particularly vulnerable to human predation, and eventually perished by the middle and late Holocene respectively. In this paper, we explore the extinction dynamics of the two species, including their changing environment and relationships with humans, from various strands of evidence obtained by archaeozoological
and aDNA analysis, radiocarbon dating, ethology, palaeoclimatic reconstructions, and from archaeological and historical records. During the late Pleistocene, the wild ass predominantly inhabited the Eurasian steppe-tundra and forest steppe regions, whereas its survival in the Pannonian Plain in the Holocene is corroborated by its sporadic
occurrence in faunal assemblages from Early Neolithic sites. By using one of these sites as a case study, we conducted archaeozoological and aDNA analysis and radiocarbon dating of wild ass bones to infer the date of their latest survival in the region, and contextualize them within other hydruntinus populations and human foraging practices. On the other hand, the aurochs roamed the forests across vast expanses of Eurasia during the Pleistocene and into the Holocene. The archaeozoological record suggests that it was commonly hunted in the Balkans in prehistory, with its numbers greatly diminishing from the Bronze Age onwards, and persisting up to the Medieval period only sporadically. Our research included radiocarbon dating of the youngest aurochs bone finds to establish a terminus post quem for their extinction in the region, as well as a study of their morphological variability through time and possible links with anthropogenic pressure.
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XLVII skupština i godišnji skup Srpskog arheološkog društva: program, izveštaji i apstrakti, 2024
Tokom kasnog pleistocena, mnoge vrste krupnih sisara (megafaune) nepovratno su iščezle. Međutim, ... more Tokom kasnog pleistocena, mnoge vrste krupnih sisara (megafaune) nepovratno su iščezle. Međutim, neke od njih – poput divljeg magarca (Equus hydruntinus) – opstale su i nakon ledenog doba, iako u znatno smanjenom arealu. U kasnom pleistocenu, divlji magarac naseljavao je širi pojas tundri i šumskih stepa Evroazije, dok je u holocenu na prostoru Panonske nizije njegovo prisustvo potvrđeno sporadičnim nalazima kostiju sa ranoneolitskih lokaliteta. Po broju ostataka, posebno se ističe ranoneolitski lokalitet Ludaš-Budžak, na samoj obali Ludaškog jezera u severnoj Bačkoj. Ovaj lokalitet, datovan u prvu polovinu 6. milenijuma pre n. e., ujedno daje i najmlađi datum pojave divljeg magarca na teritoriji Srbije. Na osnovu novih rezultata arheozooloških, radiokarbonskih i genetičkih analiza sprovedenih u okviru projekta ARCHAEOWILD, kao i razmatranjem arheoloških, etoloških i paleoklimatskih podataka, u ovom radu istražićemo najkasniju pojavu ovog ekvida u regionu i uporediti ga sa ostalim poznatim populacijama u Evropi. Pored novih rezultata koji bacaju više svetla na dinamiku izumiranja divljeg magarca, pozabavićemo se i rekonstrukcijom prirodne sredine u njegovom panonskom refugijumu, kao i odnosom sa ljudskim zajednicama. Paleoekološke i biogeografske perspektive, kao i jedinstveni uvidi arheologije u drevne multispecijske odnose, od posebnog su značaja u savremenom dobu, kada se suočavamo sa novim pretnjama izumiranja velikog broja vrsta alarmantnim tempom.
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Српско археолошко друштво, XLVII Скупштина и годишњи скуп, Ниш 30. мај – 1. јун 2024. године: програм, извештаји и апстракти, 2024
Мрки медвед (Ursus arctos, Linnaeus, 1758) представља најјачу и најкрупнију европску звер, која ј... more Мрки медвед (Ursus arctos, Linnaeus, 1758) представља најјачу и најкрупнију европску звер, која је различитим европским директивама и одредбама подвргнута строгим мерама заштите. У Републици Србији медведи имају статус строго заштићене дивље врсте. Током реализације пројекта ARCHAEOWILD, кога у оквиру програма ИДЕЈЕ финансира Фонд за науку Републике Србије (бр. пројекта 7750265), посебна пажња посвећена је проучавању интеракција између човека и медведа током читавог холоцена комбиновањем различитих метода (археолошких, археозоолошких, историјских, изотопских, археогенетичких). Ова истраживања осим што доприносе разумевању значаја медведа у прошлости, имају за циљ и да утичу на управљање савременим угроженим популацијама мрких медведа у Европи. Скелетни остаци медведа, који су откривени на великом броју налазишта из периода праисторије у нашој земљи, сведоче о лову на ове животиње, али и о широком ареалу ове врсте током раног и средњег холоцена. Међутим, у археофауналним скуповима из историјских периода, остаци медведа изузетно су ретки, што би могло да укаже на уништавање и фрагментацију станишта ових животиња услед урбанизације, дефорестације и ширења обрадивих површина почетком нове ере. Иако су њихови остаци пронађени на свега неколико налазишта из периода антике, касне антике и средњег века, подаци из историјских извора, бројни иконографски прикази, топономастика, али и различите археозоолошке специфичности на костима ових животиња, сведоче о значају медведа за историјска друштва. Прелиминарни резултати анализа древне ДНК из костију медведа указују на диверзитет популација мрких медведа током историје и претпоставке да су током римског периода на наше просторе увођене јединке из удаљених провинција. У раду ћемо кроз презентовање резултата пројекта ARCHAEOWILD дискутовати о различитим аспектима веза између медведа и човека током историјских периода на централном Балкану. Фокус рада је на просторној и временској дистрибуцији налаза скелетних остатака ове врсте, резултатима археогенетичких анализа, али и на подацима из историјских извора и иконографије, који доприносе разумевању значаја медведа за људска друштва током периода антике, касне антике и средњег века.
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Српско археолошко друштво, XLVII Скупштина и годишњи скуп, Ниш 30. мај – 1. јун 2024. године: програм, извештаји и апстракти, 2024
Људске активности попут пољопривреде, крчења шума, урбанизације и други фактори као што су климат... more Људске активности попут пољопривреде, крчења шума, урбанизације и други фактори као што су климатске флуктуације, варијације у надморској висини и демографске промене, утицали су на дистрибуцију дивљег света кроз прошлост. Пројекат ARCHAEOWILD има за циљ да расветли комплексне односе између људи и дивљих животиња и биљака посматрајући промене социо-економских и еколошких услова током холоцена. Овај постер представља прелиминарне резултате везане за синтезу свих (не)објављених података о остацима дивљих сисара и биљака са археолошких локалитета широм Србије током холоцена, обухватајући различите периоде од мезолита до средњег века. Користећи информације из свих доступних публикација, спровели смо статистичке анализе и просторно мапирање коришћењем програма R како бисмо разликовали просторно-временске обрасце у дистрибуцији дивљег света. Циљ нам је био да идентификујемо и разумемо могуће трендове дистрибуције дивљих врста између региона и периода. Овај рад доприноси разумевању односа између људских заједница и њиховог природног окружења током прошлости, и пружа први увид у просторну и временску дистрибуцију дивљих животиња и биљака у холоцену. Представљени прелиминарни резултати расветљавају дугорочне утицаје људских активности на промене у популацијама флоре и фауне, истичући важност интердисциплинарног приступа у разумевању прошлих екосистема као и у унапређивању савремених напора за очување дивљег света.
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Српско археолошко друштво, XLVII Скупштина и годишњи скуп, Ниш 30. мај – 1. јун 2024. године: програм, извештаји и апстракти, 2024
Тврђава Козник налази се на западним падинама Копаоника, 9 km западно од Александровца (јужна Срб... more Тврђава Козник налази се на западним падинама Копаоника, 9 km западно од Александровца (јужна Србија). Реч је о тврђави која се састоји од Горњег града приближно троугаоног облика са правоугаоним проширењем и подграђа које се пружа јужно од тврђаве. Након пада српске средњовековне државе, Козник је потпао под османску власт и задржао свој стратешки значај све до краја 17. века, када је напуштен. Археолошка истраживања вршена су у више наврата, а најновија ископавања спроведена 2019. и 2022. године обухватила су Горњи град и подграђе. Археофаунални материјал анализиран за потребе овог рада потиче управо из последњих кампања. Резултати археозоолошке анализе показали су да су у материјалу присутни остаци сисара, птица и мекушаца. На простору цитаделе, међу остацима сисара, најзаступљенији су каприни, који су праћени остацима свиња, говеда, паса и мачака. Међу дивљим врстама, срећу се дивља свиња, јелен, срна и зец. На простору подграђа, такође су најзаступљенији каприни, али су забележени и остаци говеда, свиња и еквида. Од дивљих врста, присутни су само остаци дивље свиње. Птице су потврђене и на простору Горњег града (кокошка, гуска и патка) и подграђа (кокошка и сврака), док су мекушци (виноградарски пуж) откривени само у Горњем граду. Важност археозоолошких резултата огледа се у томе што су подаци о стратегијама експолатације животиња на простору данашње Србије у периоду Османске превласти изузетно скромни, те ће наведени подаци проширити досадашња сазнања о људско-животињским односима у прошлости.
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Papers by Teodora Mladenović
Key words: faunal remains, archaeozoology, Modern period (16-19. centuries AD), North Bastion, Novi Pazar fortress, Serbia.
Rezumat: Studiul de față prezintă rezultatele analizei arheozoologice asupra materialului faunistic din situl arheologic de la Pančevo – Livade, care prezintă o locuire discontinuă între secolele VIII–XIII. Resturile faunistice sunt reprezentate de deșeuri alimentare așa cum indică urmele de descărnare și profilurile de abataj. În afara resturilor de mamifere care sunt cele mai numeroase, sunt prezente de asemenea și oase de pasăre, micro-mamifere și scoici. Creșterea animalelor deținea un loc important în economia nu foarte bine dezvoltată a comunității, speciile identificate având statură mică și caracteristici primitive. Pe durata locuirii mai timpurii a sitului (secolele VIII–IX), principala sursă de carne a constituit-o porcul domestic, dar sunt prezente și vitele și ovicaprinele. În timpul locuirii mai târzii (secolele X–XI), vitele devin specia cea mai importantă. Porcul continuă să fie principala sursă de carne, iar produsele secundare obținute de pe urma vitelor și ovicaprinelor cresc în importanță. Rolul vânătorii crește relativ în ponderea economică a acestei faze târzii, așa cum este indicat de numărul mai mare de specii sălbatice – porc mistreț, cerb și rață sălbatică.
less present. The game consists of wild boar, red deer, roe deer, brown bear and hare. Age of animals, fragmentation and the presence of a large number of butchery traces indicate that most of the animal bones are remains of food.
Conference Presentations by Teodora Mladenović
represents a well-preserved Medieval fortified towns in Serbia. The town was
rebuilt during the reign of Prince Lazar in 1372, when it was in the system of
defence against the Turks. After the Turkish capture of the town in 1451, the
fortress was abandoned, because it was outside the zone of military operations. Koprijan was recorded as a cultural monument in the early years after the Second
World War, but archaeological research began recently, in 2022. In the first three campaigns, the Upper Town area was mostly explored, at the level of the most
recent use from the late 14th and early 15th centuries. During these campaigns,
animal remains were meticulously collected. This paper aims to present preliminary
results of archaeofaunal analyses and try to unveil exploitation strategies and
dietary patterns of the inhabitants of the Korpijan fortress throughout the late 14th and the first half of the 15th century. So far, the remains of mammals, birds, fish and reptiles were confirmed. Among mammals caprines were the most dominant, followed by cattle, pigs, and dogs, while the game is represented by wild boar and red deer. The bird class includes geese, chicken, and ducks, and cyprinids were the only fish representatives. A single reptile find belonged to the turtle. Since the
archaeological research of Koprijan will continue in the future, the analysis of new
archaeozoological material will enrich the current understanding of human-
animal relations in the past and profound the knowledge of the way animals were exploited in Medieval Serbia.
У овом раду биће представљени резултати анализе остатака животиња пронађених на простору уз бедем, у објекту 1, као и у слоју. Архезоолошки подаци указују на то да су у фауналном скупу најбројнији сисари, а да се поред њих јављају још птице и рибе. Међу остацима сисара, најзаступљенији су остаци домаћих врста, пре свега, свиња и говеда, а забележене су и овце, козе, пас и коњ. Од дивљих врста јављају се дивља свиња, јелен, срна и зец. Класи птица припадају кости кокошке и гуске, док се од риба срећу јесетровке, деверика, шаран, штука, смуђ и сом.
archaeogenetic data from diachronic and regional perspectives to discover the possible trends of brown bear population changes. Furthermore, we will link the genetic dataset with specific archaeological contexts, as well as taphonomic features of the bones, which tell individual stories about human-bear interactions. We believe that the results regarding the past populations can stimulate current conservation efforts in the management of brown bears.
and aDNA analysis, radiocarbon dating, ethology, palaeoclimatic reconstructions, and from archaeological and historical records. During the late Pleistocene, the wild ass predominantly inhabited the Eurasian steppe-tundra and forest steppe regions, whereas its survival in the Pannonian Plain in the Holocene is corroborated by its sporadic
occurrence in faunal assemblages from Early Neolithic sites. By using one of these sites as a case study, we conducted archaeozoological and aDNA analysis and radiocarbon dating of wild ass bones to infer the date of their latest survival in the region, and contextualize them within other hydruntinus populations and human foraging practices. On the other hand, the aurochs roamed the forests across vast expanses of Eurasia during the Pleistocene and into the Holocene. The archaeozoological record suggests that it was commonly hunted in the Balkans in prehistory, with its numbers greatly diminishing from the Bronze Age onwards, and persisting up to the Medieval period only sporadically. Our research included radiocarbon dating of the youngest aurochs bone finds to establish a terminus post quem for their extinction in the region, as well as a study of their morphological variability through time and possible links with anthropogenic pressure.
Key words: faunal remains, archaeozoology, Modern period (16-19. centuries AD), North Bastion, Novi Pazar fortress, Serbia.
Rezumat: Studiul de față prezintă rezultatele analizei arheozoologice asupra materialului faunistic din situl arheologic de la Pančevo – Livade, care prezintă o locuire discontinuă între secolele VIII–XIII. Resturile faunistice sunt reprezentate de deșeuri alimentare așa cum indică urmele de descărnare și profilurile de abataj. În afara resturilor de mamifere care sunt cele mai numeroase, sunt prezente de asemenea și oase de pasăre, micro-mamifere și scoici. Creșterea animalelor deținea un loc important în economia nu foarte bine dezvoltată a comunității, speciile identificate având statură mică și caracteristici primitive. Pe durata locuirii mai timpurii a sitului (secolele VIII–IX), principala sursă de carne a constituit-o porcul domestic, dar sunt prezente și vitele și ovicaprinele. În timpul locuirii mai târzii (secolele X–XI), vitele devin specia cea mai importantă. Porcul continuă să fie principala sursă de carne, iar produsele secundare obținute de pe urma vitelor și ovicaprinelor cresc în importanță. Rolul vânătorii crește relativ în ponderea economică a acestei faze târzii, așa cum este indicat de numărul mai mare de specii sălbatice – porc mistreț, cerb și rață sălbatică.
less present. The game consists of wild boar, red deer, roe deer, brown bear and hare. Age of animals, fragmentation and the presence of a large number of butchery traces indicate that most of the animal bones are remains of food.
represents a well-preserved Medieval fortified towns in Serbia. The town was
rebuilt during the reign of Prince Lazar in 1372, when it was in the system of
defence against the Turks. After the Turkish capture of the town in 1451, the
fortress was abandoned, because it was outside the zone of military operations. Koprijan was recorded as a cultural monument in the early years after the Second
World War, but archaeological research began recently, in 2022. In the first three campaigns, the Upper Town area was mostly explored, at the level of the most
recent use from the late 14th and early 15th centuries. During these campaigns,
animal remains were meticulously collected. This paper aims to present preliminary
results of archaeofaunal analyses and try to unveil exploitation strategies and
dietary patterns of the inhabitants of the Korpijan fortress throughout the late 14th and the first half of the 15th century. So far, the remains of mammals, birds, fish and reptiles were confirmed. Among mammals caprines were the most dominant, followed by cattle, pigs, and dogs, while the game is represented by wild boar and red deer. The bird class includes geese, chicken, and ducks, and cyprinids were the only fish representatives. A single reptile find belonged to the turtle. Since the
archaeological research of Koprijan will continue in the future, the analysis of new
archaeozoological material will enrich the current understanding of human-
animal relations in the past and profound the knowledge of the way animals were exploited in Medieval Serbia.
У овом раду биће представљени резултати анализе остатака животиња пронађених на простору уз бедем, у објекту 1, као и у слоју. Архезоолошки подаци указују на то да су у фауналном скупу најбројнији сисари, а да се поред њих јављају још птице и рибе. Међу остацима сисара, најзаступљенији су остаци домаћих врста, пре свега, свиња и говеда, а забележене су и овце, козе, пас и коњ. Од дивљих врста јављају се дивља свиња, јелен, срна и зец. Класи птица припадају кости кокошке и гуске, док се од риба срећу јесетровке, деверика, шаран, штука, смуђ и сом.
archaeogenetic data from diachronic and regional perspectives to discover the possible trends of brown bear population changes. Furthermore, we will link the genetic dataset with specific archaeological contexts, as well as taphonomic features of the bones, which tell individual stories about human-bear interactions. We believe that the results regarding the past populations can stimulate current conservation efforts in the management of brown bears.
and aDNA analysis, radiocarbon dating, ethology, palaeoclimatic reconstructions, and from archaeological and historical records. During the late Pleistocene, the wild ass predominantly inhabited the Eurasian steppe-tundra and forest steppe regions, whereas its survival in the Pannonian Plain in the Holocene is corroborated by its sporadic
occurrence in faunal assemblages from Early Neolithic sites. By using one of these sites as a case study, we conducted archaeozoological and aDNA analysis and radiocarbon dating of wild ass bones to infer the date of their latest survival in the region, and contextualize them within other hydruntinus populations and human foraging practices. On the other hand, the aurochs roamed the forests across vast expanses of Eurasia during the Pleistocene and into the Holocene. The archaeozoological record suggests that it was commonly hunted in the Balkans in prehistory, with its numbers greatly diminishing from the Bronze Age onwards, and persisting up to the Medieval period only sporadically. Our research included radiocarbon dating of the youngest aurochs bone finds to establish a terminus post quem for their extinction in the region, as well as a study of their morphological variability through time and possible links with anthropogenic pressure.