Papers by Mohammad Afaque
IRJET, 2021
The Hanging or Floating Columns is a vertical member which rests on beam without foundation and t... more The Hanging or Floating Columns is a vertical member which rests on beam without foundation and the column acts as a point load on beam is known as floating column. In the present days, multi-storey building with floating columns are less resistance to the earthquake. But many times due to architectural and client requirements there is a need for floating columns in the multi-storey building. Therefore, we cannot avoid the floating columns, but we can identify the optimum locations of floating columns in buildings to improve the earthquake response of multi-storey buildings with floating columns. In the present work we have considered 3 cases to study the optimum locations of floating columns in buildings. Case-1: 20% of Commercial space and 80% of Residential space of floating columns. Case-2: 50% of Commercial space and 50% of Residential space of floating columns. Case-3: 80% of Commercial space and 20% of Residential space of floating columns. In all these 3 cases we are studying the optimum locations of floating columns. Also the results are shown in graphs. The analysis of this study is done by using ETABS 2017 software.
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A Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a composite material consisting of cement based matrix with ... more A Fiber Reinforced Concrete (FRC) is a composite material consisting of cement based matrix with an ordered or random distribution of fiber which can be steel, nylon, polythene etc. Development in technology enhances not only human comforts but also destroy the ecosystem. Fiber Reinforced Concrete is generally made with high cement content & low water content. Plain concrete fails suddenly once the deflection corresponding to ultimate flexural strength is exceeded, on the other hand, fiber reinforced concrete continue to sustain considerable loads ever at deflection considerably in excess of the fracture deflection of plain concrete. Use of metals as containers has become popular and safe now, especially to carry the liquids, In spite of the inherent advantages and disadvantages existent in its disposal. Today the construction industry is in need of finding cost effective materials for increasing the strength of concrete structures. Hence an attempt has been made in the present investigations to study the influence of addition of waste materials like waste steel powder & soft drink bottle caps, empty waste tin from workshop at a dosage of 1% of total weight of concrete as fibers. The present paper reviews the literature related to the utilization of waste material and its various effects on compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength and workability of concrete. The steel powder, empty tins, soft drink bottle caps were deformed into the rectangular strips of 3mm width and 10mm length. The present paper reviews the literature related to the
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This review paper represents the collection of data and conclusion of the various studies done on... more This review paper represents the collection of data and conclusion of the various studies done on the strength properties of steel fibered self-compacting concrete. Addition of Steel fiber at certain limit improves compressive strength and not only suppress the formation of cracks, but provides more strength. Steel Fibers have been added to hardened state. Fiber reinforced concrete becomes necessary whenever durability that is limited crack widths or safety considerations are design criteria.
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The present paper reviews the literature of use of glass powder as a replacement of cement to ass... more The present paper reviews the literature of use of glass powder as a replacement of cement to assess the pozzolanic activity of fine glass powder in concrete and compare its performance with other pozzolanic materials like silica fume and fly ash. Nowadays glass is used in many forms in day-today life. It has limited life span and after use it is either stock piled or sent to landfills. Since glass is non-biodegradable, landfills do not provide an environment friendly solution. Hence there is strong need to utilize waste glasses. Many efforts have been made to use waste glass in concrete industry as a replacement of coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and cement. Its performance as a coarse aggregate replacement has been found to be non-satisfactory because of strength regression and expansion due to alkali-silica reaction.
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This paper represents the study of the various research papers on the all type of chimney which i... more This paper represents the study of the various research papers on the all type of chimney which is present in the chronological order. It has been undergone a considerable development of industrial chimney in past few years in terms of structural system as well as method of analysis. Also the height of chimney has been increased for the better control of environment pollution in populated areas. With the increase in height, the wind forces have become predominant forces while analyzing and designing such structures. Here in this paper, an attempt has been made to analyze the industrial steel chimney for the prevailing wind forces and seismic forces considering chimney with and without guyed ropes.
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This research represents the collection of data from various previous studies done on the importa... more This research represents the collection of data from various previous studies done on the importance of explicitly recognizing the presence of the open first storey in the analysis of the building. The error involved in modeling such buildings as complete bare frames, neglecting the presence of infills in the upper storeys, is brought out through the study of an example building with different analytical models. This paper argues for immediate measures to prevent the indiscriminate use of soft first storeys in buildings, which are designed without regard to the increased displacement, ductility and force demands in the first storey columns. Alternate measures, involving stiffness balance of the open first storey and the storey above, are proposed to reduce the irregularity introduced by the open first storey. The effect of soil flexibility on the above is also discussed in this paper
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This paper represents the various methods to understand the behavior of Box Girder Bridges. Bridg... more This paper represents the various methods to understand the behavior of Box Girder Bridges. Bridges are the key Element in a transport system, they covers a gap by connecting two communities separated by streams, valley, rivers etc. To meet the traffic demands Box Girders are the most economical and widely constructed. The need of this study is to understand behavior of box girder bridges with the help of various analytical methods to understand the behavioral aspect.
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It is already been known realizations that the raw materials used in cement are limited and also ... more It is already been known realizations that the raw materials used in cement are limited and also non-renewable. So it is been need to be conserved for future generations. With this goal of attaining sustainable construction and a strong trend favouring the increased use of admixtures in concrete is emerging throughout the world. The mineral admixtures are basically the waste products of industrial processes, produced to the tune of millions of tonnes whose disposal is a great concern. Fly ash from coal based power plants is one such waste which is abundantly available in the different parts of India.
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Ordinary Portland cement is one of the main ingredients used for the production of concrete. Unfo... more Ordinary Portland cement is one of the main ingredients used for the production of concrete. Unfortunately, production of cement involves emission of large amounts of carbon-dioxide gas into the atmosphere, a major contributor for green house effect and global warming. Hence, it is inevitable either to search for another material or partially replace it by some other material. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag is a by-product from the blast-furnace of iron and it is very beneficial in the concrete production. The present paper reviews the literature related to the utilization and efficiency of GGBFS on the properties of concrete. Various properties of partially replaced GGBFS concrete were studied with the help of a number of journals which include compressive strength, split tensile strength, flexural strength, workability, electrical conductivity, resistance against chloride and sulphate attack. The study revealed the properties, performance and applications of GGBFS concrete in the real world. Hence, GGBFS concrete can be used as a building material in an effective way and it is one of the ways to reduce the dumping of GGBFS in environment.
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This research review represents the collection of data from various previous studies done on the ... more This research review represents the collection of data from various previous studies done on the compressive strength, flexural strength, tensile strength testing of concrete incorporating silica fume by optimum replacement of cement. Portland cement is now days partially replaced by silica fume, a by-product from silicon alloy factories. From various studies Silica fume is a non-metallic and non hazardous material having very large surface area which is suitable for concrete mix. This review paper is a good source for understanding the effect on optimum replacement of cement by silica fume.
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The recycling of concrete aggregate has been accepted to preserve natural aggregate for other imp... more The recycling of concrete aggregate has been accepted to preserve natural aggregate for other important use. RCA (Recycle concrete aggregate) follow 3R i.e. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle. In many developed country it is used as a substitute of natural aggregate. Also many practical experiments tell that natural aggregate can be replaced by recycle aggregate and can be used for construction purposes. This paper deals with the review of existing literature work for understanding thoroughly about RCA.
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Earthquake around the world are single-handedly responsible for the destruction to life and prope... more Earthquake around the world are single-handedly responsible for the destruction to life and property in large numbers. In order to mitigate such hazards, it is important to incorporate norms that will enhance the seismic performance of structures. This paper represents the change of Reinforced concrete structural components which are found to exhibit distress because of earthquake loading. Such unserviceable structures require immediate attention. And it was done by using the shear wall mechanism in the software .It can be used as a seismic retrofitting technique because it can be applied quickly to the surface of the damaged element without the requirement of any special bonding material and also it requires less skilled labor, as compared to other retrofitting solutions presently existing. It was determined that load carrying capacity for beam-column joint retrofitted with shear wall is increased. In this paper we use analytical approach. In this we use stadd pro v8i software.
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The ever increasing need of development in infrastructure has led researchers and scientists to s... more The ever increasing need of development in infrastructure has led researchers and scientists to search for locally available alternate binders that can replace cement partially and are eco-friendly and contribute towards waste management. India being the second most sugarcane producing country in the world, also produces a substantial amount of Sugar Cane Bagasse Ash which is a fibrous waste product of sugar industry and can be used as an alternate binding material in concrete. This would not only help in waste management but also result in saving in cement production equivalent to the alternative binding material used in concrete decreasing the amount of harmful greenhouse gases produced in the process of cement production.
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An experimental study is carried out to investigate the effect of type of lateral reinforcement a... more An experimental study is carried out to investigate the effect of type of lateral reinforcement as a confining material and also the effect of mineral admixtures on compressive strength of concrete in the column composite. For this, the work is carried out in two phases. In the first phase, Short columns were casted by varying volumetric ratio and spacing of lateral reinforcement. The effect of spacing, volumetric ratio on ultimate load carrying capacity of short columns is studied. And In the second phase, Short columns mineral admixtures like RHA are developed. All the columns were tested in the Universal Testing Machine of 2000 kN capacity. The effect of these admixtures on ultimate load capacity of short columns is studied. Also, modes of failures, crack pattern, stress-strain patterns are also studied in both stages. The test results indicate that with increase in volumetric ratio of steel, the strength and ductility of column increases and the columns in which 10% RHA is replaced shows high strength. From the modes of failure it is observed that the short columns shows brittle fracture and zone of rupture is observed at top and bottom ends of the columns and this zone of rupture is decreases with the decrease in spacing of ties. The spacing of ties is strongly influencing zone of rupture in all type of columns is observed in this study.
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This paper represents a collection of ideas of various studies done on the use of Waste Plastic M... more This paper represents a collection of ideas of various studies done on the use of Waste Plastic Materials in concrete mixes. Conclusions are drawn based upon the respective results of all the mentioned research papers.
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In this research work marble dust powder (MDP) has replaced the cement in various percentages. Th... more In this research work marble dust powder (MDP) has replaced the cement in various percentages. The purpose of the investigation is to analyse the compressive strength of concrete while replacing the marble dust powder with different proportions in concrete.
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This paper represents the change of Reinforced concrete structural components which are found to ... more This paper represents the change of Reinforced concrete structural components which are found to exhibit distress, even before their service period is over due to several causes. Such unserviceable structures require immediate attention. And it was done by replacing reinforced concrete by Ferro cement. It was determined that load carrying capacity for beam-column joint retrofitted with Ferro cement was increased.
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This review paper summarizes and reviews developments in the field of building systems using glas... more This review paper summarizes and reviews developments in the field of building systems using glass fiber reinforced gypsum panels. GFRG panels, manufactured in standardized parts or sections ready for rapid assembling and erection as buildings, are ready-made gypsum panels with hollow cavities. This Rapidwall is utilized in residential as well as commercial constructed dwellings. GFRG walls are used both architecturally and structurally as walls and slabs, with no columns and beams needed. It has now found large utilization, even without use of sophisticated codes of structural design, to a great extent because of their environmental friendly behavior. GFRG panels are a composite material consisting of calcined gypsum plaster and glass fiber (a slender filament). When the hollow cavities of GFRG panels are filled with reinforced self-compacting concrete, the bond between the concrete and the GFRG panels yields another composite. As a result, the structural performance of Rapidwall and the related building systems are more sophisticated than that of other conventional building systems. In this paper, we review the important research issues and the state of the art, emphasizing recent significant advances and discussing considerable experimental and theoretical analysis into the structural performance of GFRG walls and providing a structural design procedure for rapidwall building system. It also comprises of the study of response of lengthwise or longitudinal reinforcement on periodic or cyclic shear behavior of GFRG panels and its durability.
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This review paper is based on some of the previous studies relating to the "Seismic Analysis of M... more This review paper is based on some of the previous studies relating to the "Seismic Analysis of Multi-storey Buildings with Floating Column". Conclusions are drawn based upon the respective results of all the mentioned research papers. For a hotel or commercial building, where the lower floors contain banquet halls, conference rooms, lobbies, show rooms or parking areas, large interrupted space required for the movement of people or vehicles. Closely spaced columns based on the layout of upper floors are not desirable in the lower floors. So to avoid that problem floating column concept has come into existence.
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Papers by Mohammad Afaque