Sentence comprehension requires processing of argument structure information associated with verb... more Sentence comprehension requires processing of argument structure information associated with verbs, i.e. the number and type of arguments that they select. Many individuals with agrammatic aphasia show impaired production of verbs with greater argument structure density. The extent to which these participants also show argument structure deficits during comprehension, however, is unclear. Some studies find normal access to verb arguments, whereas others report impaired ability. The present study investigated verb argument structure processing in agrammatic aphasia by examining event-related potentials associated with argument structure violations in healthy young and older adults as well as aphasic individuals. A semantic violation condition was included to investigate possible differences in sensitivity to semantic and argument structure information during sentence processing. Results for the healthy control participants showed a negativity followed by a positive shift (N400-P600) in the argument structure violation condition, as found in previous ERP studies (Friederici & Frisch, 2000; Frisch, Hahne, & Friederici, 2004). In contrast, individuals with agrammatic aphasia showed a P600, but no N400, response to argument structure mismatches. Additionally, compared to the control groups, the agrammatic participants showed an attenuated, but relatively preserved, N400 response to semantic violations. These data show that agrammatic individuals do not demonstrate normal real-time sensitivity to verb argument structure requirements during sentence processing.
Sentence processing requires rapid integration of information over a short period of time. Models... more Sentence processing requires rapid integration of information over a short period of time. Models of language processing suggest that syntactic, semantic, and phonological detail must be accessed and coordinated within milliseconds to successfully produce or understand sentences. Exactly how this is accomplished and what neural mechanisms are engaged in real time to carry out these processes is not completely understood. Research examining the neural mechanisms associated with sentence processing elucidates a left hemisphere network involving both anterior and posterior brain regions, although studies show that the right hemisphere is also engaged to some extent. This chapter discusses what is known about the neural systems involved in sentence production and comprehension. Two bodies of research are discussed: neurolinguistic evidence derived from lesion deficit studies with brain-damaged people, and neuroimaging research examining the neural correlates of sentence processing in he...
ABSTRACT Considerable changes in the cortical representation of language processing can occur fol... more ABSTRACT Considerable changes in the cortical representation of language processing can occur following stroke. Both left and right hemisphere regions are thought to support language recovery; however the relative contributions of each hemisphere and neural mechanisms mediating this process are not well understood (Meltzer et al., 2013; Price & Crinion, 2005; Saur et al., 2006; Thompson, 2000, 2010). It is generally thought that recovery of function in perilesional areas offers the best prognosis for clinical improvement (Heiss, 2003; Heiss & Thiel, 2006). Therefore, assessing the functionality of these areas is essential to targeting interventions. One potential biomarker of perilesional function and dysfunction relates to abnormalities in spontaneous neural activity (Meinzer et al., 2007; Poza et al., 2007). Perilesional tissue produces a large amount of high amplitude slow-wave activity, which can be quantified using algorithms that examine frequency spectra or complexity (e.g. multiscale entropy: MSE). This slowed spontaneous activity is a marker of subtle neural damage associated with the long-term effects of stroke beyond the primary infarct zone, and may be an indicator of “functional lesion” extent. Many questions remain unanswered regarding its potential associations with 1) cognitive dysfunction, 2) anatomical damage such as white matter disconnection, and 3) decreased blood flow (hypoperfusion).
... and Martin, 1987). Indeed, there is evidence that detection thresholds may decrease (ie, hear... more ... and Martin, 1987). Indeed, there is evidence that detection thresholds may decrease (ie, hearing may improve) by 3-6 dB (Abel et al., 1985; Wilkins and Martin, 1987; Letowski and McGee, 1993). In contrast, hearing-impaired ...
Sentence comprehension requires processing of argument structure information associated with verb... more Sentence comprehension requires processing of argument structure information associated with verbs, i.e. the number and type of arguments that they select. Many individuals with agrammatic aphasia show impaired production of verbs with greater argument structure density. The extent to which these participants also show argument structure deficits during comprehension, however, is unclear. Some studies find normal access to verb arguments, whereas others report impaired ability. The present study investigated verb argument structure processing in agrammatic aphasia by examining event-related potentials associated with argument structure violations in healthy young and older adults as well as aphasic individuals. A semantic violation condition was included to investigate possible differences in sensitivity to semantic and argument structure information during sentence processing. Results for the healthy control participants showed a negativity followed by a positive shift (N400-P600) in the argument structure violation condition, as found in previous ERP studies (Friederici & Frisch, 2000; Frisch, Hahne, & Friederici, 2004). In contrast, individuals with agrammatic aphasia showed a P600, but no N400, response to argument structure mismatches. Additionally, compared to the control groups, the agrammatic participants showed an attenuated, but relatively preserved, N400 response to semantic violations. These data show that agrammatic individuals do not demonstrate normal real-time sensitivity to verb argument structure requirements during sentence processing.
Sentence processing requires rapid integration of information over a short period of time. Models... more Sentence processing requires rapid integration of information over a short period of time. Models of language processing suggest that syntactic, semantic, and phonological detail must be accessed and coordinated within milliseconds to successfully produce or understand sentences. Exactly how this is accomplished and what neural mechanisms are engaged in real time to carry out these processes is not completely understood. Research examining the neural mechanisms associated with sentence processing elucidates a left hemisphere network involving both anterior and posterior brain regions, although studies show that the right hemisphere is also engaged to some extent. This chapter discusses what is known about the neural systems involved in sentence production and comprehension. Two bodies of research are discussed: neurolinguistic evidence derived from lesion deficit studies with brain-damaged people, and neuroimaging research examining the neural correlates of sentence processing in he...
ABSTRACT Considerable changes in the cortical representation of language processing can occur fol... more ABSTRACT Considerable changes in the cortical representation of language processing can occur following stroke. Both left and right hemisphere regions are thought to support language recovery; however the relative contributions of each hemisphere and neural mechanisms mediating this process are not well understood (Meltzer et al., 2013; Price & Crinion, 2005; Saur et al., 2006; Thompson, 2000, 2010). It is generally thought that recovery of function in perilesional areas offers the best prognosis for clinical improvement (Heiss, 2003; Heiss & Thiel, 2006). Therefore, assessing the functionality of these areas is essential to targeting interventions. One potential biomarker of perilesional function and dysfunction relates to abnormalities in spontaneous neural activity (Meinzer et al., 2007; Poza et al., 2007). Perilesional tissue produces a large amount of high amplitude slow-wave activity, which can be quantified using algorithms that examine frequency spectra or complexity (e.g. multiscale entropy: MSE). This slowed spontaneous activity is a marker of subtle neural damage associated with the long-term effects of stroke beyond the primary infarct zone, and may be an indicator of “functional lesion” extent. Many questions remain unanswered regarding its potential associations with 1) cognitive dysfunction, 2) anatomical damage such as white matter disconnection, and 3) decreased blood flow (hypoperfusion).
... and Martin, 1987). Indeed, there is evidence that detection thresholds may decrease (ie, hear... more ... and Martin, 1987). Indeed, there is evidence that detection thresholds may decrease (ie, hearing may improve) by 3-6 dB (Abel et al., 1985; Wilkins and Martin, 1987; Letowski and McGee, 1993). In contrast, hearing-impaired ...
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