Baqai college of veterinary science

In the proximal extremity interiorly head of hummers of broiler is more thick as compared to desi bird. The large and deep air sac on medial surface is present in commercial broiler but small and shallow observed in desi birds. The crest of humerus is sharp on lateral surface in desi birds but blunt in commercial broiler. Very prominent deep fossa on lateral surface is present in desi but shallow in broiler.Smooth deltoid tuberoses is prominent on medial surface in broiler but absent in desibirds. A large condyleis deep in broiler but shallow in desi birds. On the posterior surface a large trochlea in broiler but small in desi birds. The biometrical studies of humerus of broiler and desi chicken includes, the means length, width and circumference. The mean length, width and circumference of the proximal extremity of humerus showed no difference .The length and width of distal extremity of humerus. The circumference of distal extremity of humerus of broiler and desibird was significant (P<0.05). Circumference of shaft of humerus of birds was not significantly different. However the width of shaft of humerus of birds shown significant difference (P<0.05), and the length of shaft of humerus of birds were highly significant (P<0.01).

Testes with intact epididymis were collected from 50 apparently healthy Teddy goats (bucks) of 4 to 7 and 8 to 24 months. The purpose of this was to study pre-pubertal and pubertal changes in testes of Teddy Goats. Testis of Goats consists of two surfaces, two borders and two extremities on gross examination. The epididymis was a long tube comprises of three regions; caput, corpus and cauda. The biometrical parameter includes the weight, length, width, thickness and circumference of testicle of pre-pubertal and pubertal stages of Teddy goats. All observed parameter in right and left testicles of pubertal stage were found significantly (P<0.05) higher than that of pre-pubertal stage. The mean weight of right and left epididymis, length and width of right and left corpus-epididymis at pubertal stage was found significantly (P<0.05) increased than in pre-pubertal stage. That means puberty and age significantly (P<0.05) affects the gross anatomical aspects of the testes and epididymis of Teddy male goats. Biometrical measurements including weight, length, width, thickness and circumference of testes and epididymid is significantly increased from pre-pubertal to pubertal stage.

The study was designed to find the effect of light duration on overall production of Japanese quails such as weight gain, feed consumption and egg production. Total one hundred and twenty Japanese quails were grouped into three and each group was intended forty birds. Group-A with a light duration of 12 hours, group-B has 16 hours and group-C was fixed for 20 hours of light duration. The experiment was designed for two months (60 days). Obtained data was statistically analyzed by using the significant difference. The useful and valuable output of this study was gain in a very low-priced and contracted experimental design that is imperative for the poultry farmers in respect of light significance. The results revealed that the final body weight of birds was higher

Mosquito control has been a point of focus in scientific communities, especially health-providing units. Various methods have been tried and many more still being developed to eliminate or reduce mosquito populace. Certain environmental issues related with chemical control of mosquitoes have convinced experts to opt for eco-friendly methods. Among those methods are the biological control methods, which suppress vector populations through introduction/manipulation of organisms (natural enemies, e.g., parasites, disease organisms and predatory animals). Present study was focused on using edible fish as predator of mosquito larvae. Experimental results revealed that, edible fish have tremendous potential to be used as larvivorous predator of mosquito. It was further found that, larvivorous fish (Gambusia Affinis), used in this study preferred live larvae when compared with commercial food. The rate of consumption was between 180 to 190 larvae per fish per day, and fish preferred live larvae (65.72%) over dead larval stuff (37.14%). Another aim of the study was to determine the effect of light and dark periods on larvae consumption and it revealed that 88.75% of larvae were eaten in the presence of light and only 51.25% in dark by the mosquito fish. In micro-field condition, out of 500 larvae, only 13 (2.6 %) larvae were left, whereas rest of the larvae were consumed by the fish. The study suggests the larvivorous fish to be tried as biological control agent for mosquitoes.

Mosquito control has been a point of focus in scientific communities, especially health-providing units. Various methods have been tried and many more still being developed to eliminate or reduce mosquito populace. Certain environmental issues related with chemical control of mosquitoes have convinced experts to opt for eco-friendly methods. Among those methods are the biological control methods, which suppress vector populations through introduction/manipulation of organisms (natural enemies, e.g., parasites, disease organisms and predatory animals). Present study was focused on using edible fish as predator of mosquito larvae. Experimental results revealed that, edible fish have tremendous potential to be used as larvivorous predator of mosquito. It was further found that, larvivorous fish (Gambusia Affinis), used in this study preferred live larvae when compared with commercial food. The rate of consumption was between 180 to 190 larvae per fish per day, and fish preferred live larvae (65.72%) over dead larval stuff (37.14%). Another aim of the study was to determine the effect of light and dark periods on larvae consumption and it revealed that 88.75% of larvae were eaten in the presence of light and only 51.25% in dark by the mosquito fish. In micro-field condition, out of 500 larvae, only 13 (2.6 %) larvae were left, whereas rest of the larvae were consumed by the fish. The study suggests the larvivorous fish to be tried as biological control agent for mosquitoes.

The study was designed to find the effect of light duration on overall production of Japanese quails such as weight gain, feed consumption and egg production. Total one hundred and twenty Japanese quails were grouped into three and each group was intended forty birds. Group-A with a light duration of 12 hours, group-B has 16 hours and group-C was fixed for 20 hours of light duration. The experiment was designed for two months (60 days). Obtained data was statistically analyzed by using the significant difference. The useful and valuable output of this study was gain in a very low-priced and contracted experimental design that is imperative for the poultry farmers in respect of light significance. The results revealed that the final body weight of birds was higher