The Chinese emperor Shen-Nung was first to mention (2737 BC) the benefits of cannabis, noting its properties against malaria and rheumatism (1). Following the isolation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinoid (Δ9-THC) in 1964 (2) and discovery of... more
The Chinese emperor Shen-Nung was first to mention (2737 BC) the benefits of cannabis, noting its properties against malaria and rheumatism (1). Following the isolation of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinoid (Δ9-THC) in 1964 (2) and discovery of cannabinoid receptors (CB1 and CB2) in the 1980s (3), a large number of cannabinoid receptor agonists have been synthesized for therapeutic purposes (3) while, on the other hand cannabis has become the most widely produced and consumed illicit substance worldwide (4). For many decades there have been few additions to the spectrum of drugs abused. However, in recent years, there has been a huge upsurge in novel psychoactive substances, also known as “legal highs”, “designer drugs”, “herbal highs” or “research chemicals”. Since 1997 more than 200 new psychoactive substances have been identified (5). In 1990s, Huffman et al. (6) synthesized naphthoylindoles, naphthoylpyrroles and related compounds with cannabinoid receptor agonist activity, which have bec...
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Introduction: Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) use immature defense styles, and AUD is related with adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Harm avoidance (HA) is related with both AUD and particularly... more
Introduction: Patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) use immature defense styles, and AUD is related with adult attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Harm avoidance (HA) is related with both AUD and particularly inattentiveness (IN) dimension of ADHD. Aim: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the relationship of defense styles with probable ADHD and severity of ADHD symptoms while controlling the effect of HA among male inpatients with AUD. Settings and Design: The present study with cross-sectional design was conducted at the Alcohol and Drug Research, Treatment and Training Center (AMATEM) of Bakirkoy Training and Research Hospital for Psychiatry Neurology and Neurosurgery in Istanbul. Statistical Analysis: Chi-square test, independent samples t-test, multiple logistic and linear regression analyses, and multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) were used. Materials and Methods: Participants (n = 151) were evaluated with the Adult ADHD Self-Report Scale, the Defense Style Questionnaire, and the HA Dimension of the Temperament and Character Inventory. Results: HA (particularly HA-1 [anticipatory worry and pessimism]) and immature defense style (particularly acting out) predicted the presence of probable ADHD. In linear regression analysis, HA (particularly HA-1 and HA-4 [fatigability and asthenia]), high immature (particularly acting out), and low mature defense styles predicted the severity of ADHD symptoms. In MANCOVA, immature defense style predicted both the IN and the hyperactivity/impulsivity (HI) dimensions of ADHD, whereas HA and IN dimension and low mature defense style predicted HI dimension. Conclusions: These findings suggest that immature defense style (i.e., acting out) is related with both the presence of probable ADHD and severity of ADHD symptoms, together with HA, which must be taken into account while treating patients with ADHD among male populations with AUD.
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... Tüm hastalara sosyode-mografik form ve PAAÖ uygulandı. Zeka geriliği, iletişimi önemli ölçüde etkileyecek düzeyde görme, işitme ve bilişsel yeti kaybı, psikotik bozukluğu, organik mental bozukluğu olan olgu-lar çalışma dışı bırakıldı.... more
... Tüm hastalara sosyode-mografik form ve PAAÖ uygulandı. Zeka geriliği, iletişimi önemli ölçüde etkileyecek düzeyde görme, işitme ve bilişsel yeti kaybı, psikotik bozukluğu, organik mental bozukluğu olan olgu-lar çalışma dışı bırakıldı. Değerlendirme araçları ...
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Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the alcohol-and cigarette-use-related behaviors among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in Turkey. The second objective was to evaluate whether the gender,... more
Objective: The objective of the study is to evaluate the alcohol-and cigarette-use-related behaviors among young adults during the COVID-19 pandemic restrictions in Turkey. The second objective was to evaluate whether the gender, dysfunctional COVID-19 anxiety, and presence of probable attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are associated with the increase in alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking while controlling the effects of current age and diagnosis of anxiety disorder before the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: The study was conducted with an online survey among volunteer participants of young adults. The Adult ADHD Self Report Scale (ASRS-v1.1) and the Coronavirus Anxiety Scale (CAS) were used to evaluate a group of university students. Results: A total of 1,042 respondents (mean age 26.9 +/- 10.9 years;61.6% female) filled out the survey. Of these, 17.6% reported an increase and 7.7% reported reduced cigarette smoking, whereas 10.8% reported an increase and 8.5% repor...
Research Interests: Medicine and Düşünen Adam
De¤iflime Haz›r Olma ve Tedavi ‹ste¤i Ölçe¤i (SOCRATES) Türkçe Versiyonu'nun Yatarak Tedavi Gören Erkek Alkol Ba¤›ml›s› Hastalarda Faktör Yap›s›, Geçerli¤i ve Güvenirli¤i Factorial structure and reliability and validity of Turkish Version the Stages of Change Readiness and Treatment Eagerness Sca...more
Address for Correspondence/Yaz›flma Adresi: Dr. Cuneyt Evren, Bak›rkoy Ruh Sa¤l›¤› ve Sinir Hastal›klar› E¤itim ve Araflt›rma Hastanesi, Alkol ve Madde Ba¤›ml›l›¤› Araflt›rma Tedavi ve E¤itim Merkezi, ‹stanbul, Turkey E-posta:... more
Address for Correspondence/Yaz›flma Adresi: Dr. Cuneyt Evren, Bak›rkoy Ruh Sa¤l›¤› ve Sinir Hastal›klar› E¤itim ve Araflt›rma Hastanesi, Alkol ve Madde Ba¤›ml›l›¤› Araflt›rma Tedavi ve E¤itim Merkezi, ‹stanbul, Turkey E-posta: cuneytevren@yahoo.com Gelifl tarihi: 08.08.2008 Kabul tarihi: 18.09.2008 ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of social anxiety symptoms in alcohol dependent inpatients. Method: Participants were 176 consecutively admitted male alcohol dependent inpatients. Patients were investigated with the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI), Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20) and Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI). Results: Subscales of LSAS (fear or anxiety and avoidance) were correlated with all the scales, particularly highly correlated with BDI, TAS-20 and “difficulty in identifying feelings” (DIF) and “difficulty in describing feelings” (DDF) subscales of T...
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Research Interests: Psychology, Psychiatry, ADHD (Psychology), Risk, Turkey, and 13 moreAdolescent, Medicine, Internet Addiction, Humans, Female, Male, Young Adult, Adult, Internet, Severity of Illness Index, Attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
Research Interests: Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Psychiatry, Addiction, Psychopathology, and 15 moreMedicine, Impulsivity, Humans, Impulse Control Disorders, Personality Assessment Inventory, Female, Male, Interpersonal Relations, Questionnaires, Adult, Internet, Impulsive behavior, Personality Inventory, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, and Medical and Health Sciences
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Research Interests: Medicine and Düşünen Adam
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Reprinted from the German Journal of Psychiatry · http://www.gjpsy.uni-goettingen.de · ISSN 1433-1055 ... Pattern of Cocaine and Heroin Abuse in a Sample of ... Jamshid Ahmadi, Mehrdad Sharifi, Sadegh Mohagheghzadeh, G.Reza Dehbozorgi,... more
Reprinted from the German Journal of Psychiatry · http://www.gjpsy.uni-goettingen.de · ISSN 1433-1055 ... Pattern of Cocaine and Heroin Abuse in a Sample of ... Jamshid Ahmadi, Mehrdad Sharifi, Sadegh Mohagheghzadeh, G.Reza Dehbozorgi, Hassan Far-rashbandi, Masood ...
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... Cüneyt Evren1, Ercan Dalbudak1, Duran Çakmak1 ... kullan›ma kazand›r›lmas›d›r. Yöntem: Bak›rköy Ruh Sa¤l›¤› ve Sinir Hastal›klar› E¤itim ve Araflt›rma Hastanesi, Alkol Madde Araflt›rma, Tedavi ve E¤itim Merkezi'ne (AMA-TEM)... more
... Cüneyt Evren1, Ercan Dalbudak1, Duran Çakmak1 ... kullan›ma kazand›r›lmas›d›r. Yöntem: Bak›rköy Ruh Sa¤l›¤› ve Sinir Hastal›klar› E¤itim ve Araflt›rma Hastanesi, Alkol Madde Araflt›rma, Tedavi ve E¤itim Merkezi'ne (AMA-TEM) Ocak-Temmuz 2006 tarihleri aras›nda yatarak ...
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Alexithymia and personality in relation to dimensions of psychopathology in male alcohol-dependent inpatients Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the capacity of alexithymia to predict psychiatric symptoms relative to other... more
Alexithymia and personality in relation to dimensions of psychopathology in male alcohol-dependent inpatients Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the capacity of alexithymia to predict psychiatric symptoms relative to other personality dimensions and age. Method: Participants were 176 consecutively admitted male alcohol dependent inpatients who were administered the Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20), Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), and the Symptom Checklist-Revised (SCL-90-R). Results: Fifty three patients (30.1%) had alexithymia. Means of subscales of SCL-90 and the global severity index were higher among those with alexithymia than those without. The difficulty in identifying feelings factor of the TAS-20 significantly predicted all SCL-90-R subscale scores, whereas none of the SCL-90-R subscales were predicted by difficulties describing feelings or externally orientated thinking. The TCI dimensions emerged as distinct and conceptually meaningful predictors...
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AIMS The aim of this study is to examine the capacity of different personality dimensions to predict early-onset alcoholism (EOA). METHODS Participants were 176 consecutively admitted male inpatient alcohol dependents. Patients were... more
AIMS The aim of this study is to examine the capacity of different personality dimensions to predict early-onset alcoholism (EOA). METHODS Participants were 176 consecutively admitted male inpatient alcohol dependents. Patients were grouped as EOA (onset before age 25) and late onset alcoholism (LOA). RESULTS Overall severity of psychopathology and alcohol dependence were higher in EOAs (51.1%) than LOAs, whereas self-directedness (SD) dimension of personality was lower in EOAs. Among the other personality dimensions only lower SD scores, together with lower current age predicted EOA. CONCLUSION Present study suggests that it is important to take EOA into consideration while planning the treatment of alcohol dependency, because of their higher probability of having low SD scores, as well as higher severity of psychopathology and alcohol-related problems.
Research Interests: Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Psychometrics, Psychopathology, Risk assessment, and 15 moreMedicine, Comorbidity, Multivariate Analysis, Humans, Personality Assessment Inventory, Alcoholism, Male, Temperament, Depressive Disorder, Clinical Sciences, Middle Aged, Adult, Risk Assessment, Age of Onset, and Personality Inventory
Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of dissociative tendencies (DT) with conversion subtype, alexithymia, severity of anxiety and depression symptoms in male soldiers with conversion disorder (CD). Methods:... more
Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship of dissociative tendencies (DT) with conversion subtype, alexithymia, severity of anxiety and depression symptoms in male soldiers with conversion disorder (CD). Methods: Fifty-five male soldiers, patients who met DSM-IV criteria for CD, were included in the study. Subjects were given Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV (SCID-I), Dissociative Experiences Scale (DES), Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (Ham-D), Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (Ham-A), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and Toronto Alexithymia Scale (TAS-20). Results: Those who had motor symptoms or deficits had lower mean DES scores than those who had no motor symptoms or deficits, whereas those who had seizures or convulsions had higher mean DES scores than those who had no seizures or convulsions. DES scores were correlated with psychic subscale of HamA, Ham-D, TAS-20 and both state anxiety and trait anxiety scores of STAI. Trait anxiety score and durati...
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Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible relationships between childhood trauma (abuse and/or neglect) and impairment of quality of life (QoL) in adulthood among alcohol dependent men. Methods: Partici-pants were 156 male... more
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate possible relationships between childhood trauma (abuse and/or neglect) and impairment of quality of life (QoL) in adulthood among alcohol dependent men. Methods: Partici-pants were 156 male patients consecutively admitted to an alcohol dependency treatment inpatient unit. All patients were investigated using the Childhood Abuse and Neglect Questionnaire, the Symptom Checklist-Revised, the Michigan Alcoholism Screening Test (MAST) and the Medical Outcomes Study Health Survey-Short Form (SF-36). Results: The traumatized group (n=99, 63.5%) reported self-mutilative behavior, suicide attempts, and alcohol use among family members more frequently than those without a childhood trauma history. The traumatized group was younger and had elevated scores on anxiety, depression, and MAST, whereas they had lower QoL scores. Childhood trauma history predicted impairment in vitality and mental health subscales and mental health dimension of QoL. An...
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OZET: Alkol/madde ba¤›ml›lar›nda ketiapinin etkisi ve kotuye kullan›m›: Olgu serisi ve gozden ge- cirme Ketiapin atipik antipsikotik olarak deerlendirilen ve flizofrenik bozukluk, bipolar bozukluk ve iliflkili durumlar›n tedavisinde... more
OZET: Alkol/madde ba¤›ml›lar›nda ketiapinin etkisi ve kotuye kullan›m›: Olgu serisi ve gozden ge- cirme Ketiapin atipik antipsikotik olarak deerlendirilen ve flizofrenik bozukluk, bipolar bozukluk ve iliflkili durumlar›n tedavisinde etkinlii kan›tlanm›fl bir ilact›r. Son donemde yap›lan cal›flmalarda, hem bu bozukluklarla komorbid hem de tek bafl›na olan alkol/madde kullan›m bozukluunda ketiapinin etkinliinden bahsedilmektedir. Ancak ayn› zamanda ketiapin kotuye kullan›m›n› duflunduren vaka bildirimleri de giderek artmaktad›r. Bu yaz›da bir ba¤›ml›l›k merkezinde ayn› hafta icinde yatarak tedavi olan ve ketiapini kotuye kulland›klar› fluphesi oluflan 3 olgu sunulmufltur. Ayr›ca bu vakalar dorultusunda ketiapinin alkol/madde ba¤›ml›l›¤›nda hem etkinlii hem de kotuye kullan›m› ile ilgili literatur gozden gecirilmifltir. Anahtar sozcukler: Alkol ba¤›ml›l›¤›, madde ba¤›ml›l›¤›, ketiapin, kotuye kullan›m Klinik Psikofarmakoloji Bulteni 2009;19:148-154 ABSTRACT: effect of quetiapine on alc...
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BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of higher risk of Internet addiction (HRIA) with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral factors among Turkish 10(th) grade students. SUBJECTS AND METHODS... more
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship of higher risk of Internet addiction (HRIA) with lifetime substance use, psychological and behavioral factors among Turkish 10(th) grade students. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Cross-sectional online self-report survey conducted in 45 schools from the 15 districts in Istanbul, Turkey. A representative sample of 4957 10(th) grade students was studied between October 2012 and December 2012. Other than sociodemographic variables the survey included the Addiction Profile Index Internet Addiction Form-Screening Version (BAPINT-SV) and the Psychological Screening Test for Adolescents (PSTA). RESULTS The participants were classified into two groups as those with HRIA (15.96%) and those with lower risk of Internet addiction. The rate of HRIA was higher in the males. The findings indicated that HRIA is related with negative consequences in school, lifetime use of tobacco, alcohol and/or drug, suicidal thoughts, self-harming and deli...
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The global death toll to date of the COVID-19 pandemic has been enormous, and millions of people are grieving these losses. The aim of the current study is to validate a Turkish version of the Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS), which is a brief... more
The global death toll to date of the COVID-19 pandemic has been enormous, and millions of people are grieving these losses. The aim of the current study is to validate a Turkish version of the Pandemic Grief Scale (PGS), which is a brief English-language mental health screener to identify probable cases of dysfunctional grief associated with a COVID-19 death. Participants were assessed using the PGS, Patient Health Questionnaire-4 (PHQ-4) and Work and Social Adjustment Scale (WSAS). We surveyed 758 Turkish native speakers who participated online. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the factor structure of the PGS was satisfactory. The scale was internally consistent with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.77 and a composite reliability of 0.90. The PGS demonstrated construct validity with strong correlations with suicidal ideation and substance use coping. Positive correlations of the PGS with the PHQ-4 and the WSAS demonstrated adequate convergent validity. The PGS discriminates well between persons with and without dysfunctional grief using an optimized cut score of ≥ 3 (89% sensitivity and 72% specificity). The PGS also demonstrates incremental validity by explaining most of the variance (43%) in functional impairment due to a COVID-19 loss beyond measures of depression and generalized anxiety. These findings closely replicate the original validation study on the PGS in English and suggest that the current Turkish version of the PGS is a valid and reliable measure to assess the severity of dysfunctional grief associated with a COVID-19 death.
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Impulsivity is a temperamental risk factor for substance use and might be a fundamental mechanism in both onset of excessive substance use and relapse. Substance use may also facilitate impulsivity by interfering with normal inhibitory... more
Impulsivity is a temperamental risk factor for substance use and might be a fundamental mechanism in both onset of excessive substance use and relapse. Substance use may also facilitate impulsivity by interfering with normal inhibitory controls. Heroin users are more likely to show impulsivity, not because of the drug itself, but because of a preexisting premorbid impulsive disposition. Some temperament and character dimensions, like high novelty seeking (NS) and low self-directedness, are closely related to high levels of impulsivity and substance dependence. The subjects most vulnerable to substance dependency are those with high impulsivity and/or high NS. Motor impulsivity dimension especially seems to play a major role in the age of onset of drug use and may be related to relapse in heroin-dependent individuals. Measures of impulsivity dimensions seem therefore related to different measures of temperament; a combined approach to this issue could help to create more homogeneous diagnostic categories and aid in the identification of at-risk individuals for specific symptoms, behaviors, or treatment responses. When treating heroin-dependent patients, the types of impulsivity and personality dimensions must be evaluated and the treatment should be shaped accordingly.
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The main aims of the current study were to test the factor structure, reliability and validity of the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), a standardized measure to assess symptoms and prevalence of Internet... more
The main aims of the current study were to test the factor structure, reliability and validity of the nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale-Short Form (IGDS9-SF), a standardized measure to assess symptoms and prevalence of Internet Gaming Disorder (IGD). In the present study participants were assessed with the IGDS9-SF, nine-item Internet Gaming Disorder Scale (IGDS) and the Young's Internet Addiction Test-Short Form (YIAT-SF). Confirmatory factor analyzes demonstrated that the factor structure (i.e., the dimensional structure) of the IGDS9-SF was satisfactory. The scale was also reliable (i.e., internally consistent with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89) and showed adequate convergent and criterion-related validity, as indicated by statistically significant positive correlations between average time daily spent playing games during last year, IGDS and YIAT-SF scores. By applying the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) threshold for diagnosing IGD (e.g...