Papers by Svetlana Tur
Current Biology
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Stratum plus. Archaeology and Cultural Anthropology, 2021
The article attempts to generalize the paleoanthropological data of the Saka period from the terr... more The article attempts to generalize the paleoanthropological data of the Saka period from the territory of Alai (Kyrgyzstan), collected over a long period, and a significant part of these materials has been offered for scientific discussion. Comparison of the male and female groups shows their significant similarity, both in average values and in the level and direction of variability. The Alai skulls contain two morphological complexes of characters. One of them is a mesobrachicranial, low-faced Mongoloids with low orbits, a wide nose and alveolar prognathism, expressed mainly in women group. Another morphological complex is characterized by dolichocrania and has a pronounced Caucasoid character of the Mediterranean type, which has local origin. In this case the increase of the Caucasoid characteristics towards the Mediterranean anthropological type is probably associated with ethnogenetic contacts with the Saka of the Pamirs. An analysis of the anthropological materials of the Saka...
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International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2016
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Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia, 2014
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Archaeology, Ethnology and Anthropology of Eurasia (Russian-language)., 2015
The article outlines the results of a comprehensive study of human skeletal remains from the Bara... more The article outlines the results of a comprehensive study of human skeletal remains from the Barangol cemetery, Gorny Altai, representing the northern variant of the Pazyryk culture. Archaeological, demographic, craniometrical, osteometrical, and pathological findings are discussed. Results suggest that the Early Iron Age populations of the Lower and Middle Katun River and of southeastern Altai were related by origin, but differed in economic specialization. As well as pastoralism, the northern Pazyryk people widely practiced agriculture.
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International Journal of Osteoarchaeology, 2015
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Journal of proteome research, 2021
Over the past two decades, proteomic analysis has greatly developed in application to the field o... more Over the past two decades, proteomic analysis has greatly developed in application to the field of biomolecular archaeology, coinciding with advancements in LC-MS/MS instrumentation sensitivity and improvements in sample preparation methods. Recently, human dental calculus has received much attention for its well-preserved proteomes locked in mineralized dental plaque which stores information on human diets and the oral microbiome otherwise invisible to other biomolecular approaches. Maximizing proteome recovery in ancient dental calculus, available only in minute quantities and irreplaceable after destructive analysis, is of paramount importance. Here, we compare the more traditional ultrafiltration-based and acetone precipitation approaches with the newer paramagnetic bead approach in order to test the influence of demineralization acid on recovered proteome complexity obtained from specimens as well as the sequence coverages matched for significant proteins. We found that a proto...
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International Journal of Osteoarchaeology
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Oral cleft (OC) is a common congenital anomaly in humans, which occurs in approximately one per 7... more Oral cleft (OC) is a common congenital anomaly in humans, which occurs in approximately one per 700 live births. However, cleft skulls are found relatively seldom in archaeological specimens, especially for the BC period. Mortality of infants with OC was apparently high because of breastfeeding difficulties and culturally sanctioned rejection of them in the past. This paper presents one of the most ancient cases of OC in Eurasia. The finding comes from the Middle Bronze Age pastoralists' cemetery in Altai, Russia. The skeletal remains have been radiocarbon dated to 1883–1665 cal BC. Cranial and dental measurements, computed tomogra-phy and radiography have been used to examine this malformation. The facial sculpting reconstruction has been performed to visualise the ante mortem appearance of the cleft face. Besides, δ 13 C and δ 15 N isotope analysis was used for a comparative study of the diet of the cleft individual. It has been established that a young man from Altai was affected by complete bilateral cleft lip and alveolus, which is a very rare form of typical OC. This defect is associated with dental anomalies such as hypodontia, microdontia, and ectopia as well as with dysmorphology of the facial complex outside the cleft area, including mild hypertelorism, hypoplasia of nasal bones and antheroposterior maxillary deficiency. Furthermore, aplasia of the frontal sinuses and the sacral spina bifida occulta have been observed. These findings are consistent with clinical data indicating strong correlation between development of a major defect and multiple minor anomalies. The results of the study also suggest that there was tolerant attitude towards the facial deformities among the ancient Altai pastoralists.
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Статья посвящена результатам комплексного исследования материалов из раскопок Барангольского некр... more Статья посвящена результатам комплексного исследования материалов из раскопок Барангольского некрополя, рас-положенного в горной долине нижней Катуни и относящегося к северному локальному варианту пазырыкской культуры Горного Алтая. Наряду с археологическими данными анализировались демографические, краниометрические, остеометрические и палеопатологические особенности барангольской выборки. В результате проведенного исследования установлено, что популяции нижней и средней Катуни, а также Юго-Восточного Алтая скифского времени имели общее происхожде-ние, однако их хозяйственные занятия различались. В ареале распространения северного локального варианта пазырык-ской культуры население помимо скотоводства широко практиковало земледелие. The article outlines the results of a comprehensive study of human skeletal remains from the Barangol cemetery, Gorny Altai, representing the northern variant of the Pazyryk culture. Archaeological, demographic, craniometrical, osteometrical, and pathological fi ndings are discussed. Results suggest that the Early Iron Age populations of the lower and middle Katun River and the southeastern Altai were related by origin but differed in economic specialization. Apart from pastoralism, the northern Pazyryk people widely practiced agriculture. *Исследование выполнено за счет гранта Российского научного фонда, проект № 14-50-00036 и гранта Министерства образования и науки РФ (постановление № 220), полученного ФГБОУ ВПО «Алтайский государственный университет», договор № 14.Z50.31.0010, проект «Древнейшее заселение Сибири: формирование и динамика культур на территории Се-верной Азии».
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The article outlines the results of a comprehensive study of human skeletal remains from the Bara... more The article outlines the results of a comprehensive study of human skeletal remains from the Barangol cemetery, Gorny Altai, representing the northern variant of the Pazyryk culture. Archaeological, demographic, craniometrical, osteometrical, and pathological ndings are discussed. Results suggest that the Early Iron Age populations of the Lower and Middle Katun River and of southeastern Altai were related by origin, but differed in economic specialization. As well as pastoralism, the northern Pazyryk people widely practiced agriculture.
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The results of a study of Neolithic skulls from the burial ground of Firsovo XI, on the right ban... more The results of a study of Neolithic skulls from the burial ground of Firsovo XI, on the right bank of the Ob River near the city of Barnaul, are presented. The restoration resulted in obtaining craniometric characteristics of 7 male and 3 female skulls of different degrees of preservation. The series is characterized by a structure of the facial skull, intermediate between the Caucasoids and the Mongoloids, it contains skulls of a more Caucasoid and a more Mongoloid appearance. According to the results of an intergroup comparison, the Firsovo XI series differs greatly from the Afanasyevo culture series and the similar cultural types of the Altai Mountains, which confirms the conclusion that the Afanasyevo population of Southern Siberia has no local roots. The craniological series under consideration is very similar to the synchronous groups from the Northern foothills of the Altai (burial grounds of Ust-Isha, Itkul, Solontsi V, etc.). There is also a great morphological similarity to the Neolithic series of the more Northern areas of the Ob River Basin near Novosibirsk and Kamen', Kuznetsk Depression, Baraba forest-steppe zone, the Irtysh River basin near Omsk, Northern Kazakhstan, and the forest-steppe Trans-Urals. The similarity to the synchronous groups of the Upper Lena and the Upper Angara is also revealed, as a reflection of racial and genetic connections between the population of the Altai foothill regions and the Neolithic population of the Circum-Baikal region. The male group under consideration also demonstrates a significant morphological similarity to the Neolithic and Early Eneolithic craniological materials from the burial grounds of Lebiazhinka IV and V, Chekalino V, S''iezzhe I in the Volga-Ural interfluve. A hypothesis is made that, before the Bronze Age, an anthropological community of ancient population of the plain forest-steppe zones of Eurasia with intermediate Caucasoid-Mongoloid racial features existed in the territories of Western Siberia and Eastern regions of Eastern Europe. Besides, the group, which left the burial site of Firsovo XI, especially its female part, demonstrates presence of brachicranian component, also with intermediate Mongoloid-Caucasoid racial features. Probably, it belongs to the Southern Eurasian anthropological formation, which determined the anthropological composition of the local population of the Altai-Sayan Highland in the Neolithic – Late Bronze Age.
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Projectile injury caused by an arrow shot is a common skeletal marker of interpersonal violence i... more Projectile injury caused by an arrow shot is a common skeletal marker of interpersonal violence in archaeological populations. The injuries of the spine were usually fatal. Only few reports on healing of the vertebra pierced by flint arrowpoint can be found in bioarchaeological literature. This paper presents an exceptional case of a healed trapped bronze arrowhead wound in the spine of a 7th–6th c. BC elite nomad from Central Kazakhstan. Computed radiography and tomography as well non-destructive X-ray fluorescence spectrom-etry provide detailed information about the context and mechanism of the injury.
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Projectile injury caused by an arrow shot is a common skeletal marker of interpersonal violence i... more Projectile injury caused by an arrow shot is a common skeletal marker of interpersonal violence in archaeological populations. The injuries of the spine were usually fatal. Only few reports on healing of the vertebra pierced by flint arrowpoint can be found in bioarchaeological literature. This paper presents an exceptional case of a healed trapped bronze arrowhead wound in the spine of a 7th–6th c. bc elite nomad from Central Kazakhstan. Computed radiography and tomography as well non-destructive X-ray fluorescence spectrometry provide detailed information about the context and mechanism of the injury.
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The aim of the study is to explore patterns of directional asymmetry (DA) of long bones among the... more The aim of the study is to explore patterns of directional asymmetry (DA) of long bones among the ancient pastoralists of the Russian Altai. Long bones of the upper and lower limbs and clavicles were measured bilaterally in two temporally diverse skeletal samples dating to the Middle Bronze Age and the Early Iron Age. Statistically significant sex and chronological differences were found in DA of the upper limb diaphyseal breadths, which are strongly influenced by mechanical factors during life. These results suggest that manual loadings were bilaterally symmetric in males, but not in females. Sexual dimorphism in the upper-limb-use asymmetry was greater in the later group than in the earlier group. Besides, the female subgroups exhibited strong DA in features evidencing biomechanical stress on the femur. Temporal differences in DA of the upper limb length are possibly due to changes in the level of environmental and/or genetic stress.
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Изучение ист.-культ. наследия народов Юж.Cибири by Svetlana Tur
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Papers by Svetlana Tur
Изучение ист.-культ. наследия народов Юж.Cибири by Svetlana Tur