BOOKS: Japanese Grammar (Morphology First) by Arkadiusz Jabłoński
Morphological description of declension in Japanese. Because: it is possible, clear and concise, ... more Morphological description of declension in Japanese. Because: it is possible, clear and concise, although rarely attempted towards Japanese, despite the latter being usually classified as an agglutinative language. Agglutination is a subtype of inflection. And the description of inflection in its morphological variant is valid on the level of least entropy of functional units of the language (phonemics). With further systemic extensions possible, including inevitable irregularities, exceptions and the instances of case marking lexicalization.
Just a QUICK ADDENDUM. The entries for four cases are for certain (unknown) reasons missing from the current list of GLOSSES AND ABBREVIATIONS (p. 167). The following should be added before this unfortunate error is officially fixed and the new PDF file is added:
DIS - distinctive case
EXE - exemplificative case
RHE - rhemative case
THE - themative case
Sorry for inconvenience.
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Why are the nominals of Japanese virtually abandoned in the existing grammatical descriptions of ... more Why are the nominals of Japanese virtually abandoned in the existing grammatical descriptions of the language? A review on various descriptions of nominal elements of Japanese may answer this question and offer possible solutions for a systemic and paradigmatic approach towards the (circum)nominal phenomena of Japanese.
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PAPERS: Japanese Grammar (Morphology First) by Arkadiusz Jabłoński
Yuki Horie, Hanna Jaśkiewicz, Iga Rutkowska, Patrycja Duc-Harada, Damian Duduś, Stanisław Meyer, Anna Trzaska, Estera Żeromska (eds.) Practicing Japan. 35 Years of Japanese Studies in Poznań and Kraków, 2023
On the locative case of Japanese. Systemically. Morphologically.
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Beata Kubiak Ho-Chi, Jędrzej Greń (eds.) Unique or Universal? Japan and Its Contribution to World Civilization, 2023
It is common in the grammatical descriptions of Japanese to neglect the
morphological properties ... more It is common in the grammatical descriptions of Japanese to neglect the
morphological properties of the nominal elements of the language. This may
probably be related to the Sino-centric tradition of ideographic (sinographic)
writing and results in emphasizing the isolating and analytic properties of the
Chinese languages it originates from. In this paper, certain detailed consequences
of this approach are presented. They include, in the first place, the
lack of differentiation between lexical and grammatical elements in grammatical
descriptions. Little interest towards the concept of paradigmatic nominal
word units, uneven recognition of agglutinative properties of language in the
nominal and verbal elements of Japanese as well as description of peripheral
phenomena instead of general rules may be considered the immediate
consequences of the status quo. Bizarre or contradictory theories resulting
from it, also presented in the paper, embody a characteristic preference for
unsystemic grammatical description among the grammarians of Japanese,
described in terms of emphasizing alleged infinite variety over universal morphological
rules.
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Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium, 2022
The Polish Lexicon of Japanese Grammar Terms was published in 2021. It constitutes an attempt at ... more The Polish Lexicon of Japanese Grammar Terms was published in 2021. It constitutes an attempt at a systemic description of Japanese grammar, not emphasized by most of grammatical sources on the Japanese language. Due to limited size of the paper, being a new research paper, but at the same time introducing the methodology of the lexicon, the main concepts related to its compilation are presented on the example of the topic-prominence phenomenon in Japanese and its morphological marking.
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Jarosz, Aleksandra, Aleksandra Jaworowicz-Zimny (eds.) Japan: Fictions and Reality. Toruń: Wydawnictwo Naukowe Uniwersytetu Mikołaja Kopernika, 127-139, 2020
More on the possible advantages of synthetic approach to the nominal elements of Japanese.
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Duc-Harada, Patrycja, Dariusz Głuch, Senri Sonoyama (eds.) (2019). Japanese Civilization Tokens and Manifestations. Kraków: Księgarnia Akademicka, 87-104, 2019
The Japanese Noun+Adjective constructions are traditionally considered troublesome and unexplicab... more The Japanese Noun+Adjective constructions are traditionally considered troublesome and unexplicable. Some systematic remarks on the possibility of their explanation are given in the paper.
ERRATUM: The Japanese が in sentence (12) should be を, of course.
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Tertium, 2018
Komunikacja międzykulturowa kojarzy się z działaniem na styku różnych środowisk kulturowych i kom... more Komunikacja międzykulturowa kojarzy się z działaniem na styku różnych środowisk kulturowych i komunikacyjnych. Nie inaczej rzecz ma się w przypadku kompilacji polskiego leksykonu japońskich terminów gramatycznych, jaki powstaje obecnie w ramach grantu NCN (OPUS 10, panel HS2, projekt numer 2015/19/B/HS2/00147) w Katedrze Orientalistyki (Wydział Neofilologii) UAM. Wyzwania, jakie stoją przed projektem, wydają się interesujące zarówno z punktu widzenia niezbędnych decyzji opisowych, jak i interdyscyplinarnych (w tym: z rozróżnieniem na poziomie dyscyplin językoznawstwa ogólnego i japońskiego). W ramach artykułu wyzwanie to podjęto w kontekście próby przedstawienia zarysu projektu odbiorcy polskiemu.
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Japanese Studies Conference 2015. Building Connections in Central and Eastern Europe, February 16-17, 2015
Typological approach may be essential for adequate analysis of grammatical phenomena. From the pu... more Typological approach may be essential for adequate analysis of grammatical phenomena. From the purely typological point of view, it is indeed interesting to observe the incompatible, heterogeneous descriptive traditions being continuously utilized in the process of actual grammatical analysis of language phenomena. Nominal elements of Japanese may constitute a striking example of how analytic (and isolating) descriptive tradition is applied towards synthetic (and agglutinating) Japanese language facts. The conclusion that Japanese nominal elements reveal in fact more similarities to inflecting languages (as, for example, Polish, the native language of this author) than to isolating ones may at first seem exaggerated, though it is well supported by substantial amount and quality of actual language phenomena. The original paper was published as: 2015. “Morphology instead of syntax. On Japanese Nominal Elements.” [In:] Japanese Studies Conference 2015. Building Connections in Central and Eastern Europe, February 16-17, 2015. Pál, Dániel-Levente et al. [eds.] Budapest: Eötvös University Press. 51-62.
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Language and Literary Traditions of Japan, 2014
It may be considered a rule that actual morphological properties of Japanese nominal elements ten... more It may be considered a rule that actual morphological properties of Japanese nominal elements tend to be traditionally neglected by the grammarians of Japanese. In this context, it may be instructive to view the Japanese phenomena also in the historical perspective, on the basis of schol descriptions of classical Japanese texst. Originally published as: 2014. “Japanese Noun in School Descriptions of Classical Japanese Texts”. [In:] Tomasz Majtczak, Senri Sonoyama [eds.] Language and Literary traditions of Japan. Kraków: Jagiellonian University Press. 41-60.
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Silva Iaponicarum, 2014
Adverbs are undoubtedly the most disputable class of Japanese lexicon, which
may be recognized ma... more Adverbs are undoubtedly the most disputable class of Japanese lexicon, which
may be recognized mainly to the fact the there are not too many specialized
(regular, pure, strong) adverbs in Japanese, as this author puts it. In this paper,
the semantics, morphology and syntax of Japanese adverbial elements have
been analysed, along with their tentative classification into regular adverbs and
quasi-adverbs, the latter including the instances of adverbial forms and usage of
other elements. Special emphasis was put on the group of Japanese onomatopeia,
which often tend to be, probably not quite correctly, recognized as adverbs.
While they may often be found in the adverbial position in Japanese sentences,
they reveal surprisingly many similarities to nouns.
KEYWORDS: Japanese grammar, parts of speech, adverbs, onomatopeia.
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Silva Iaponicarum, 2013
It may be interesting to note that while there are many grammars of Japanese,
including those wri... more It may be interesting to note that while there are many grammars of Japanese,
including those written by the Japanese and the non-Japanese authors, there
seems to be no compromise on the division of the Japanese language semantic
elements into the parts of speech. In this paper, this difficult problem is perhaps
not entirely and definitely solved. Instead, some premises and proposals
regarding the minimalist kind of an approach, based on basic distinction of four
classes of lexical elements, have been presented. This, as far as the author is
concerned, enables more coherent view at the lexical of elements of the
Japanese language, at the same time not excluding further classification of the
material into particular lexical sub-categories.
KEYWORDS: Japanese grammar, morphology, parts of speech, classification.
Originally published as: 2013. “Less is Better. On Japanese Parts of Speech”. Silva Iaponicarum 日林 35-36, 11-26 (www.silvajp.amu.edu.pl).
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Silva Iaponicarum. Special Edition – JAPAN: New Challenges in the 21st Century., 2012
A pre-approach to the phenomenon of declension in Japanese. Quite much of what considerably many ... more A pre-approach to the phenomenon of declension in Japanese. Quite much of what considerably many researchers have always wanted to know about the Japanese grammar, but were afraid to ask :)
As noted, this is a PRE-approach, formulated in 2010, published in 2012. More elaborate and coherent data on Japanese declension are provided in "Japaneses Nominal Elements as Abandoned Parts of Speech" (2021) and "Case in Japanese. A Morphological Approach" (2022). Both monographs are available in English, in free access, from academia.edu. Comments and questions are cordially welcome.
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PAPERS: (Inter)cultural Pragmatics by Arkadiusz Jabłoński
Homo Ludens, 2022
Tłumaczenie to aktywność, w trakcie której, podobnie jak w procesie interpretacji jej konkretnego... more Tłumaczenie to aktywność, w trakcie której, podobnie jak w procesie interpretacji jej konkretnego efektu w postaci tekstu docelowego, ze szczególną wagą ujawniają się odniesienia do różnych kontekstów źródłowych i docelowych. Na tym tle pouczająca może być analiza rozmaitych przypadków lepszego lub mniej przekonującego dostosowania tekstu docelowego do rzeczywistości jego odbioru. Proponowane studium przypadku służyć ma w założeniu opisowi procesów tłumaczenia i interpretacji w kategoriach specyficznych gier językowych, według modelu zaproponowanego niegdyś przez Stanisława Barańczaka – o z grubsza ustalonych zasadach, obowiązujących nawet mimo różnego stopnia ich produktywnego odniesienia do obiektów pozajęzykowej rzeczywistości. Odmienne rozpoznanie owych zasad skutkuje powstaniem różnych tłumaczeń, jak ukazano na analizowanym przykładzie.
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Półrocznik Językoznawczy Tertium, 2021
Expansion of contemporary trade and information exchange relations does not seem to alter signifi... more Expansion of contemporary trade and information exchange relations does not seem to alter significantly the multi-layered requirements of inter-cultural communication. In a very important sense of this term, many of individual decisions related to communication in a multi-cultural environment are inevitably narrowed to single-context world. Only to some extent, this unavoidable limitation of communication on the verge of heterogeneous cultures may be overridden by omnipresent stereotypes and ad hoc generalizations. On a more advanced level of communication, it is the stereotypes that may foster the instances of miscommunication and lead to serious misunderstandings. In the paper, a short account on stereotypes in inter-cultural communication is going to be presented, with some examples of actual instances of miscommunication in Japanese-Polish corporate environment. A proposition of a systematized approach towards the issues and intricacies of Japanese-Polish communication will follow.
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Homo Ludens, 2021
Badanie języka i procesów językowych wspierane jest przekonaniem o ich powiązaniu z pewną weryfik... more Badanie języka i procesów językowych wspierane jest przekonaniem o ich powiązaniu z pewną weryfikowalną rzeczywistością. Jednocześnie nie wszystkie parametry języka odzwierciedlają rzeczywistość w sposób dokładny. Co więcej, postulowanie sztywnego odzwierciedlania rzeczywistych właściwości desygnatów w języku może wykazywać znamiona manipulacyjnej gry komunikacyjnej. W artykule proponuje się analizę w terminach tak rozumianej gry kilku fragmentarycznych, acz raczej ogólnie reprezentatywnych przykładów użycia wybranych elementów o charakterze deiktycznym i anaforycznym przy zaznaczaniu płci desygnatu (nie zawsze tożsamej z rodzajem gramatycznym) w tekstach z zasobu komunikacyjnego współczesnej polszczyzny.
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Homo Ludens, 2020
Linguistics deals with communication and its pragmatic effects in terms of dynamic changes in hum... more Linguistics deals with communication and its pragmatic effects in terms of dynamic changes in human relationships fostered by the information circulated between the interacting parties. Such relationships may be especially complex in the inter-cultural context, when certain information belonging to the source environment may not be clear to the participants functioning in the target environment. Communication may relate to the facts verified with solely technical means, but also to the unverifiable convictions, views and stereotypes. Its specific manifestation in the contemporary circulation of pop-cultural (and not only) relations is the presence of orientalism-related threads. Some premises on whether such threads should be recognized as harmful and distorting the communication perspective by their very definition – and why – are presented in the paper. The methodology of game research, with reference to the psychological games and the roles of the Child, the Adult and the Parent,...
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Homo Ludens, 2019
Japonia, kraj ikoniczny dla zagranicznych twórców niezliczonych relacji o niej, często opisywany ... more Japonia, kraj ikoniczny dla zagranicznych twórców niezliczonych relacji o niej, często opisywany jest jedynie w perspektywie jej ekstremalnych zalet lub wad. Opisy takie, kwalifikowane przez autora artykułu jako narracje niedbałe, są na tyle rozpowszechnione, że większość odbiorców źródeł popkulturowych zapewne nie zwraca na nie uwagi. Niektóre relacje w czysto pasożytniczy sposób wykorzystują tego typu narracje do budowania nowych, wyimaginowanych światów. Kwiaty w pudełku autorstwa Karoliny Bednarz stanowią reprezentatywny przykład takiego źródła.
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Homo Ludens, 2018
Relacje orientalistyczne (zwane relacjami niedbałymi) dotyczące Japonii i różnych przejawów kultu... more Relacje orientalistyczne (zwane relacjami niedbałymi) dotyczące Japonii i różnych przejawów kultury japońskiej zdają się stanowić nieunikniony składnik komunikacji społecznej w dobie powszechności i cykliczności przekazu masowego. Warto zatem pochylić się nad ich wartością informacyjną, w szczególności ze względu na możliwość stosunkowo łatwej weryfikacji faktów źródłowych, jaką społeczeństwo medialne współcześnie również zapewnia. W niniejszym artykule jako przykłady swoistej gry w antyinformację zostały przedstawione narracje orientalistyczne dostępne czytelnikowi polskiemu, autorstwa Joanny Bator i Beaty Pawlikowskiej. Pomimo bowiem wyraźnej niedbałości faktograficznej – widocznej w analizowanych tekstach już na pierwszy rzut oka – zdają się na ich przykładzie rysować pewne interesujące trendy w oglądzie świata poprzez beztroską i nieskrępowaną właściwie (acz nie zawsze: bezproduktywną) ludyczną aktywność formulacyjną, jakiej teksty te stanowią autentyczny i bezrefleksyjny przejaw.
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Silva Iaponicarum, 2018
The gap between labels and actual phenomena is an issue in many areas of research. Quite independ... more The gap between labels and actual phenomena is an issue in many areas of research. Quite independently of the visible progress in the pragmatic studies, it is never enough to quote examples that honorifics are only in an indirect way related to respect or politeness. In this short paper, a simple set of typical and atypical situation from the Japanese communication environment have been analyzed in this aspect.
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BOOKS: Japanese Grammar (Morphology First) by Arkadiusz Jabłoński
Just a QUICK ADDENDUM. The entries for four cases are for certain (unknown) reasons missing from the current list of GLOSSES AND ABBREVIATIONS (p. 167). The following should be added before this unfortunate error is officially fixed and the new PDF file is added:
DIS - distinctive case
EXE - exemplificative case
RHE - rhemative case
THE - themative case
Sorry for inconvenience.
PAPERS: Japanese Grammar (Morphology First) by Arkadiusz Jabłoński
morphological properties of the nominal elements of the language. This may
probably be related to the Sino-centric tradition of ideographic (sinographic)
writing and results in emphasizing the isolating and analytic properties of the
Chinese languages it originates from. In this paper, certain detailed consequences
of this approach are presented. They include, in the first place, the
lack of differentiation between lexical and grammatical elements in grammatical
descriptions. Little interest towards the concept of paradigmatic nominal
word units, uneven recognition of agglutinative properties of language in the
nominal and verbal elements of Japanese as well as description of peripheral
phenomena instead of general rules may be considered the immediate
consequences of the status quo. Bizarre or contradictory theories resulting
from it, also presented in the paper, embody a characteristic preference for
unsystemic grammatical description among the grammarians of Japanese,
described in terms of emphasizing alleged infinite variety over universal morphological
rules.
ERRATUM: The Japanese が in sentence (12) should be を, of course.
may be recognized mainly to the fact the there are not too many specialized
(regular, pure, strong) adverbs in Japanese, as this author puts it. In this paper,
the semantics, morphology and syntax of Japanese adverbial elements have
been analysed, along with their tentative classification into regular adverbs and
quasi-adverbs, the latter including the instances of adverbial forms and usage of
other elements. Special emphasis was put on the group of Japanese onomatopeia,
which often tend to be, probably not quite correctly, recognized as adverbs.
While they may often be found in the adverbial position in Japanese sentences,
they reveal surprisingly many similarities to nouns.
KEYWORDS: Japanese grammar, parts of speech, adverbs, onomatopeia.
including those written by the Japanese and the non-Japanese authors, there
seems to be no compromise on the division of the Japanese language semantic
elements into the parts of speech. In this paper, this difficult problem is perhaps
not entirely and definitely solved. Instead, some premises and proposals
regarding the minimalist kind of an approach, based on basic distinction of four
classes of lexical elements, have been presented. This, as far as the author is
concerned, enables more coherent view at the lexical of elements of the
Japanese language, at the same time not excluding further classification of the
material into particular lexical sub-categories.
KEYWORDS: Japanese grammar, morphology, parts of speech, classification.
Originally published as: 2013. “Less is Better. On Japanese Parts of Speech”. Silva Iaponicarum 日林 35-36, 11-26 (www.silvajp.amu.edu.pl).
As noted, this is a PRE-approach, formulated in 2010, published in 2012. More elaborate and coherent data on Japanese declension are provided in "Japaneses Nominal Elements as Abandoned Parts of Speech" (2021) and "Case in Japanese. A Morphological Approach" (2022). Both monographs are available in English, in free access, from academia.edu. Comments and questions are cordially welcome.
PAPERS: (Inter)cultural Pragmatics by Arkadiusz Jabłoński
Just a QUICK ADDENDUM. The entries for four cases are for certain (unknown) reasons missing from the current list of GLOSSES AND ABBREVIATIONS (p. 167). The following should be added before this unfortunate error is officially fixed and the new PDF file is added:
DIS - distinctive case
EXE - exemplificative case
RHE - rhemative case
THE - themative case
Sorry for inconvenience.
morphological properties of the nominal elements of the language. This may
probably be related to the Sino-centric tradition of ideographic (sinographic)
writing and results in emphasizing the isolating and analytic properties of the
Chinese languages it originates from. In this paper, certain detailed consequences
of this approach are presented. They include, in the first place, the
lack of differentiation between lexical and grammatical elements in grammatical
descriptions. Little interest towards the concept of paradigmatic nominal
word units, uneven recognition of agglutinative properties of language in the
nominal and verbal elements of Japanese as well as description of peripheral
phenomena instead of general rules may be considered the immediate
consequences of the status quo. Bizarre or contradictory theories resulting
from it, also presented in the paper, embody a characteristic preference for
unsystemic grammatical description among the grammarians of Japanese,
described in terms of emphasizing alleged infinite variety over universal morphological
rules.
ERRATUM: The Japanese が in sentence (12) should be を, of course.
may be recognized mainly to the fact the there are not too many specialized
(regular, pure, strong) adverbs in Japanese, as this author puts it. In this paper,
the semantics, morphology and syntax of Japanese adverbial elements have
been analysed, along with their tentative classification into regular adverbs and
quasi-adverbs, the latter including the instances of adverbial forms and usage of
other elements. Special emphasis was put on the group of Japanese onomatopeia,
which often tend to be, probably not quite correctly, recognized as adverbs.
While they may often be found in the adverbial position in Japanese sentences,
they reveal surprisingly many similarities to nouns.
KEYWORDS: Japanese grammar, parts of speech, adverbs, onomatopeia.
including those written by the Japanese and the non-Japanese authors, there
seems to be no compromise on the division of the Japanese language semantic
elements into the parts of speech. In this paper, this difficult problem is perhaps
not entirely and definitely solved. Instead, some premises and proposals
regarding the minimalist kind of an approach, based on basic distinction of four
classes of lexical elements, have been presented. This, as far as the author is
concerned, enables more coherent view at the lexical of elements of the
Japanese language, at the same time not excluding further classification of the
material into particular lexical sub-categories.
KEYWORDS: Japanese grammar, morphology, parts of speech, classification.
Originally published as: 2013. “Less is Better. On Japanese Parts of Speech”. Silva Iaponicarum 日林 35-36, 11-26 (www.silvajp.amu.edu.pl).
As noted, this is a PRE-approach, formulated in 2010, published in 2012. More elaborate and coherent data on Japanese declension are provided in "Japaneses Nominal Elements as Abandoned Parts of Speech" (2021) and "Case in Japanese. A Morphological Approach" (2022). Both monographs are available in English, in free access, from academia.edu. Comments and questions are cordially welcome.
kontaktu językowego, poprzez odejście od wyłącznie „grzecznościowego” punktu widzenia, z wykorzystaniem ramy opisowej honoryfikatywności (modyfikacji honoryfikatywnej), jako zjawiska obecnego w każdym rzeczywistym przekazie, powiązanego z osiągnięciem adekwatności komunikacyjnej komunikatu. Zwrócono również uwagę na fakt, że badania nad modyfikacją honoryfikatywną, obejmujące całość aktywności językowej jednostek i grup, mogą (i powinny) dotyczyć także polityki językowej, pojmowanej jako wyposażenie użytkowników kodu choćby w podstawowy zestaw wzorców jego użycia umożliwiających efektywną komunikację
in this author’s previous PTBG publications. In this paper, an attempt
at more precise description of this specific communication genre, which
practically any participant of a contemporary social communication circuit
(with special emphasis on game researchers) must have had, more or less
deliberately, to deal with throughout their communication activity, has
been made. Additionally, it might be worth pointing out that the invasive
impact of such relations seems to reveal substantial rise in power, quite
independently of the fact whether the researcher/participant of communication process encounters immediate relations on Japan or second-hand
emanations of the “phenomenon called Japan”, extremely frequent in various specific ludic activities.
In this paper, along with description of certain obvious issues related to the Polish-Japanese communication in a theoretical perspective, solutions of several practical dilemmas emerging on actual cross-cultural communication stage are proposed. The basic assumption is that actual cross-cultural communicaiton is not possible without departure from one's native cultural territory. Such act must be performed in order to effectively confront one's native reality with heterogeneous interpretation of concepts belonging to a different culture.
Originally published as: 2015. “Japanese Language Teaching in Poland in the Contemporary World of Cross-Cultural Communication (CCC).” [In:] Jolanta Młodawska-Bronowska [ed.] New Opportunities for Polish-Japanese Cooperation: Diagnosis and Prospects. Łódź: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego. 149-160.
source and target codes. While it is possible to point out at numerous examples
when the influence of purely linguistic properties (not to mention: the influence
of the translator’s competences) on the quality of target text is demonstrated in a
more or less desirable manner, perhaps it should also be taken into account that
in considerably many cases decisions on the contents of source text made at the
basic level of complexity do not necessarily influence the reception of the text
as a whole.
The example text taken into account in the paper is then beginning paragraphs
of the original Japanese version Kawabata Yasunari’s Yukiguni (The Snow
Country), compared against its famous English translation by Edward
Seidensticker and probably much less known Polish translation by Wiesław
Kotaski. As it is going to be demonstrated, even though the two target text
differ significantly, to the extent that they have been recognized below as the
examples of, respectively, shallow and deep approach to the source text, it does
not influence their coherency.
a opisująca rzekomo „z dystansem i humorem” przygody autorki w trakcie jej pracy w japońskim biurze. Opis dwulicowych gier, jakimi naszpikowano tekst, może być pouczający ze względu na wyjątkowo skondensowany zestaw technik, które mogą skutecznie uniemożliwić porozumienie międzykulturowe, mimo że stosujący je narrator deklaruje na zewnątrz otwartość, obiektywizm i gotowość do porozumienia. Swoistego rodzaju ksenofobia i orientalizm, jakimi cechuje się tekst Nothomb, obnażają liczne zjawiska obecne w sposób nieunikniony w tle komunikacji międzykulturowej, a rzadko podlegające opisowi naukowemu. Być może niniejsza próba opisu przybliży je choć w części polskiemu odbiorcy.
choice in favour of plain T forms. Yet, the phenomenon seems more complex.
This paper raises the issue of the invisible though significant consequences of contemporary honorific decisions in Polish.
Originally presented at the Japan Studies Assiociation 13th Annual Conference held in January 2007 in San Diego, CA.
Originally published as: 2009. “How Procedures Work. An Example from Japanese”. Silva Iaponicarum 日林 19, 31-45 (www.silvajp.amu.edu.pl).
以下、第一に待遇情報と話者の「顧慮」の関係について論じる。「顧慮」は情報伝達環境の普遍的要素であり、階層モデルの下層パラメータ感知・分析活動を含む。続いて下層レベルの働きをめぐってメッセージの情報部分と非情報部分の対立について述べる。次に、現代日本語の例文を利用して非情報部分の選定は「敬語論」に基づいた判断より階層モデルのプロシージャー・プロトコル各層活動によって決められることを指摘する。最後に、「敬語論」より階層モデルの応用性・普遍性について論じ、ポーランド語の待遇情報を分析する。
Originally pubilshed as: 6. 2004. „Honorific Modification (HM). The Informative and the Non-informative Part of the Message”. Silva Iaponicarum 日林 1, 7-25 (www.silvajp.amu.edu.pl).
łeczne w Japonii w XIX i XX wieku. Wybrane zagadnienia, Wydawnictwo Universitas, Kraków 2012, ss. 484.