Hussin Hejase

Efficiency in the labour market is usually accounted for in order to understand and assess earning gaps that prevail among males and females. Arguing that the individuals ’ skills, productivity, and commitment to work ultimately determine their incomes sounds too naïve to explain the earnings ’ differential between males and females. In fact, discrimination against females may occur at different stages of their career path. The wage gap is apparent at the top (glass ceiling) as well as at the bottom (sticky floors) of wage distribution. This paper intends to explore earning gaps as a function of the characteristics of existing Lebanese human capital and labour productivity in selected white collar jobs within a large institution of the service industry. Quantitative analysis using linear regression is conducted. Outcomes of the research are expected to lead to the exploration and the explanation of the impact of automatic stabilizers on the Lebanese labour market in reducing gender ...

Banks locally and abroad have been subject to several financial crises which led top managers to look critically at their current practices in managing the financial resources in order to avoid losses and to prevent giving a negative image to the community of their customers. Parallel to the aforementioned events, banks have been observing an evolution of the banking investment activities in addition to the transformation of the financial market into an open market system. The different events characterized by higher risks and higher demands for financial services have incited banks to explore and emphasize the importance of governance principles. In this study, the researchers will expose the importance of governance and its main principles in the banking systems. The study will also address the aforementioned pertinent to its implementation according to the activities of Basel Committee on banking supervision. The aim of the study is to assess via a quantitative approach the actua...

Agriculture is considered an important energizer of a country’s economic growth and poverty alleviation efforts. However, this sector is underperforming especially in developing countries in part because women, who are often a crucial human resource in agriculture and the rural economy, face difficulties that reduce their productivity and their effective involvement. This paper sheds light on the gender pay gap in Lebanon, in general, and the agriculture sector of South Lebanon, in particular. Exploratory quantitative analysis is applied using a convenient sample of 385 agricultural employees chosen from the Lebanese agricultural institutions in South Lebanon. The paper objectives include the assessment of the wage gap in the agricultural sector in South Lebanon, analyzing opinions towards the wage gap in South Lebanon, quantifying the impact of the gender pay gap on women, identifying the causes that lead to the existence of a wage gap, and the exploration of the existence of wage ...

The present study aimed not only to study the factorial structure of 30-indicator Foreign Language Identity Scale (FLIS) within an educationally controlled level but also to explore its relationships with the achievement of English as a foreign language (EFL). To this end, the FLIS was administered to six hundred and eighty grade three high school (G3HS) students in Mashhad, Iran, and their responses were subjected to Principal Axis Factoring. The rotation of results via Varimax with Kaiser Normalization and removing low cross loading indicators yielded five factors, i.e., Idealized Reception, Idealized Society, First Languaculture, Idealized Self-Expression, and Idealized Communication. The findings thus confirm EFL identity as a factorial construct whose five dimensions correlate significantly with each other. With the exception of First Languaculture which emphasis the relationship between G3HS students’ Persian and EFL identity, Idealized Reception, Idealized Society, Idealized ...

The purpose of this study is to first identify the predominant factors shaping frontline employee engagement and then to explore the outcomes of the employees’ engagement within the context of the service sector in Lebanon. The main theory used to ground the research is the explanatory power of the Social Exchange Theory (SET). A qualitative ethnographic method was used to explore the salient drivers and outcomes of employees’ engagement. The qualitative approach was implemented by observing and informally interviewing frontline employees, and by gathering documentary data for a greater understanding of this phenomenon. Findings show that supervisor support, organizational support, training, distributive justice and procedural justice appeared to be significant drivers of employee engagement. It was also evident that personal resources and self-efficacy have a significant moderator effect between supervisor support, distributive justice and employee engagement. Moreover, employee or...

The Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) in Lebanon have been heavily impacted since the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak. The majority of the institutions had to react to the sudden decision to go online. In fact, they had to develop unplanned E-learning programs to assure the academic year’s survival. In Lebanon, the Ministry of Education & Higher Education (MEHE) has ordered all educational institutions, public and private, to stop physical learning and start implementing E-learning through various online platforms. Because of Lebanon’s unprepared infrastructure, students in universities struggled to continue their studies and to keep pace with others who have better situations. The purpose of this study is to assess the factors that may impact the success of E-learning in Lebanese universities and that affect students’ satisfaction in adapting to this unplanned phase. The study is quantitative, explorative, descriptive and causal. A questionnaire was designed to collect primary data f...

The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the ways students' instrumentation of Computer Algebra System (CAS) can help promote their algebraic reasoning while solving polynomial inequalities. In addition, the relation between students' CAS techniques and paper-and-pencil (P&P) techniques are explored, together with the difficulties that students may face as they apply these techniques. Research participants are 33 tenth graders at a private mixed gender school in Mount-Lebanon, distributed among nine homogenous groups, five of which are selected as focus groups. The study is qualitative in nature. Data is collected from pretests, students' written solutions of four instructional activities, laptop screen recordings, video recordings of whole-class discussions, and audio recorded interviews with students in the focus groups. The findings of the study show that students' lack of prerequisite knowledge of the topic of functions and their low level of familiarity with GeoGebra software are determinant factors that hinder these students' instrumentation of CAS and hence their reasoning processes as well as their implementation of the solving techniques. High and middle-achieving students' solving techniques acquired little epistemic and some pragmatic values, whereas low achieving students' solving techniques acquired heuristic values.

Constant change occurs due to globalization, increased pace of competition, vibrant technological advancement, information flow and customers' awareness among others. The forces subject organizations to challenges as how to respond, handle and mitigate the negative impact of those changes. The resultant uncertainty and volatility lead to a situation where competition is souring and organizations that respond reactively narrows their competitiveness and erodes their market share and sustainability chances. Organizations' preparedness and pro-activeness are key success factors in terms of resources/capabilities and their use and how these envision and deal with the aforementioned uncertainties. Amid the aggressive external environment, one of the fundamental key agents for change management is the human resource. However, the key question here concerns the roles that HR can assume, and what contribution HR has to the change process and outcomes. This study aims to assess the r...

Lebanon, like other countries, has a special interest in conserving the integrity, quality, and fairness of its higher education, especially that it serves approximately 200,000 students registered in the scholastic year 2017-2018; these students injected millions of dollars into the private institutions. Students are seen as customers whose satisfaction and comfort jump to the front and prevail as the main doctrine that governs the educational process. The student-as-customer concept is a fundamental factor that plays a major role in educational institutions, even the traditional non-profit ones that basically depend on tuition fees incurred by the number of enrolled students in order to cover their inflated budgets; hence, the need to have satisfied stakeholder —students. This orientation has made the Student Evaluation of Teaching (SET) a key criterion to evaluate the teaching process; especially since SET is currently used to assess and improve teaching and learning processes. F...

The main purpose of the present study is to investigate the ways students' instrumentation of Computer Algebra System (CAS) can help promote their algebraic reasoning while solving polynomial inequalities. In addition, the relation between students' CAS techniques and paper-and-pencil (P&P) techniques are explored, together with the difficulties that students may face as they apply these techniques. Research participants are 33 tenth graders at a private mixed gender school in Mount-Lebanon, distributed among nine homogenous groups, five of which are selected as focus groups. The study is qualitative in nature. Data is collected from pretests, students' written solutions of four instructional activities, laptop screen recordings, video recordings of whole-class discussions, and audio recorded interviews with students in the focus groups. The findings of the study show that students' lack of prerequisite knowledge of the topic of functions and their low level of famil...