Anwar Aly

Abstract In this study, the distribution of the chemical constituents (major, minor, and trace elements) is determined in different localities in Egypt’s western desert oases, i.e., Bahariya, Farafra, Bahrean, Siwa, El-Gara, and Al-Jaghbub oases. The Nubian Sandstone Aquifer (NSA) is shared between all oases; however, the Limestone Aquifer (LA) is shared only between the western oases, i.e., Bahrean, Siwa, El-Gara, and Al-Jaghbub. The LA is usually located above NSA in Egypt’s western desert. The results indicate notable difference in chemical characteristics between the LA and the NSA waters. Under furrow surface irrigation systems that are commonly used in the Bahariya and Farafra oases, negligible potential for harmful effects on soils and plants is anticipated. However, in case of using drip or sprinkler irrigation systems, the iron and manganese identified in groundwater may precipitate, causing blockages to occur. The LAwaters salinity is found to be higher than NSA and above ...

Continuing agricultural expansion and urban development in Saudi Arabia, (located in an arid climate), together with an increased demands for more water supplies, calls for more efficient irrigation practices, and an increase in Crop Water Productivity (CWP). Throughout the present study, a deficit irrigation system was investigated for its impact on soil salinity, crop response factor (Ky), CWP, and a crop, namely cucumber’s (Cucumis sativus L.) yield. Cucumber seeds were planted in a greenhouse equipped with drip irrigation system. The crop evapotranspiration (ETc) was assessed through Pan Evaporation method (PE) and estimation based upon Penman-Monteith equation (PM). The results revealed good agreement between PE and PM ETc. The irrigation treatments consisted of four levels of ETc (40, 60, 80, and 100% of ETc) in addition to the traditional one as practiced by local farmers. At the 60 and 80% ETc treatments, the deficit irrigation was tested at different growth stages (Initial,...

ABSTRACT In this study, a deficit irrigation program was investigated for its impact on cucumber crop yield (Cucumbis sativus L.) planted in an open field and a greenhouse using a drip irrigation system during 2008–2011 growing seasons. The irrigation treatments were four levels of ETc (40, 60, 80 and 100%) in addition to the traditional practice of local farmers. At 60 and 80% ETc treatments, the deficits of irrigation were tested at different growth stages (development, middle and late stages of growth) for a total of 12 treatments in each experiment; furthermore, three replicates for each treatments were carried out. The data showed that the cucumber could tolerate a shortage of water during the middle season growth stage for both the greenhouse and the open field, and the crop response factor (Ky) values ranged between 0.57–0.76 and 0.96–1.02 for the greenhouse and the open field respectively. The amount of water used in 100% ETc was much lower than that of the traditional drip irrigation used by farmers, moreover the crop water productivity (CWP) values increased when the water amount decreased. The results also indicated that the highest values for CWP were found in the most stressed treatments of 40% ETc, and on the other hand the overall productivity decreased.

This study focuses on the temporal monitoring and chemical analysis of two pathways, unpadded and open drain canal, of the surface industrials effluent on industrial city of Riyadh city, Saudi Arabia. The distribution of the chemical constituents (Major, Minor, and Heavy metals) is determined and compared with Saudi Arabia and USEPA standards. The obtained results indicated that most collected water samples exceeded the acceptable limits set by standards used for most parameters determined. The concentrations of total suspended solids, Fe, Mn, Zn, Cd, Ni, Pb, Mo, As, B, NO 3 -, and NH 4 + in industrial effluents decreases away from the point source of pollutions. On the other hand, the SAR , RSC, total hardness, and soluble ions (Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , K + , Cl -, CO 3 2-, HCO 3 -, and SO 4 2-), remained constant. Most heavy metals on wastewater effulent were above permissible limits. On the other hand, the filtration of wastewater decreases the heavy metal concentrations to permiss...

Due to the arid climate of the Saudi Arabia, groundwater is a most precious natural resource, providing reliable water supplies for population of these areas. The main aim of this study is to evaluate the quality of groundwater resources in the selected study areas of Riyadh and Al-Ahsa regions. This study focuses on the chemical analysis of the available groundwater resources in these two areas of Saudi Arabia. The distribution of the chemical constituents (major, minor and trace elements) is determined and compared with each other. The groundwater salinity as one primary indicator of water quality for irrigation was found to be moderately high in most studied water samples for both areas. Besides salinity, chloride makes these waters unsuitable for irrigation, affecting agricultural activities. However, boron and trace elements were within acceptable levels. Comparative study revealed that the Al-Ahsa groundwater is generally considered higher in its salinity, chloride, and sodium...