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- The judiciary of India is a system of courts that interpret and apply the law in the Republic of India. India uses a common law system, first introduced by the British East India Company and with influence from other colonial powers and Indian princely states, as well as practices from ancient and medieval times. The constitution provides for a single unified judiciary in India. The Indian judicial system is managed and administrated by officers. Judges of Subordinate Judiciaries are appointed by the governor on recommendation by the High Court. Judges of the High Courts and Supreme Court are appointed by the President of India on the recommendation of a collegium. The judicial system is structured in three levels with subsidiary parts. The Supreme Court, also known as the Apex Court, is the top court and the ultimate appellate court in India. The Chief Justice of India leads that court. High Courts are the top judicial bodies in individual states, controlled and managed by state Chief Justices. Below the High Courts are District Courts, also known as subordinate courts, that are controlled and managed by District and Sessions Judges. The lower subordinate courts are Civil Court and the District Munsif Court, headed a Sub-Judge. The higher subordinate Criminal Court is headed by Chief Judicial/Metropolitan Magistrate at top and followed by ACJM /ACMM and JM/MM at the lower level. The Executive and Revenue Courts are managed by the state government through the district magistrate and commissioner, respectively. Although the executive courts are not part of the judiciary, various provisions and judgements empower the High Courts and Session Judges to inspect or direct their operation. The Ministry of Law and Justice at the Union level is responsible for raising issues before Parliament relating to the judiciary. It has jurisdiction to deal with the issues of any court. It also deals with the appointment of Judges of the High Courts and the Supreme Court. At the state level, the law departments of the states deal with issues regarding the High Court and the Subordinate Courts. (en)
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- Where there is righteousness , there is victory (en)
- Motto: यतो धर्मस्ततो जयः॥ (en)
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- HighCourts in Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata, Prayagaraj, Kochi, Bengaluru, Hyderabad and Chandigarh respectively (en)
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- Service Overview (en)
- Head of Judiciary (en)
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- background:#FF0000; color:black; (en)
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- High Court of Karnataka, Bangalore MMK.jpg (en)
- Allahabad high court.jpg (en)
- Calcutta High Court.jpg (en)
- Chandigarh High Court.jpg (en)
- High Court of Kerala Building.jpg (en)
- High Court of Telangana in Hyderabad.jpg (en)
- Mumbai 03-2016 40 Bombay High Court.jpg (en)
- A building in Chennai.JPG (en)
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- What institute? (en)
- mysterious acronyms (en)
- Do the rules govern the amendment? Or do they reflect the amendment and govern the court? (en)
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- The judiciary of India is a system of courts that interpret and apply the law in the Republic of India. India uses a common law system, first introduced by the British East India Company and with influence from other colonial powers and Indian princely states, as well as practices from ancient and medieval times. The constitution provides for a single unified judiciary in India. (en)
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