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- Cardinal gems are gemstones which have traditionally been considered precious above all others. The classification of the cardinal gems dates back to antiquity, and was largely determined by ceremonial or religious use and rarity. The term has largely fallen out of use. The five traditional cardinal gems are:
* amethyst (purple) – Rare and precious in the Old World until large deposits were found in Brazil.
* diamond (transparent)
* emerald (green)
* ruby (red)
* sapphire (blue) (en)
- 樞要寶石（Cardinal gems）指的是傳統上認為最重要的五種寶石。樞要寶石的稱呼由來已久可追溯至古代，指的都是古時候罕見或有宗教儀式用途的寶石。 現代已經很少使用樞要寶石一詞。 五種傳統樞要寶石分別為：
* 紫水晶（紫）：在舊大陸十分稀有，但在新大陸的南錐地帶巴西、烏拉圭等國有豐富礦藏
* 鑽石（白）
* 祖母綠（綠）
* 紅寶石（紅）
* 藍寶石（藍） (zh)
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- Cardinal gems are gemstones which have traditionally been considered precious above all others. The classification of the cardinal gems dates back to antiquity, and was largely determined by ceremonial or religious use and rarity. The term has largely fallen out of use. The five traditional cardinal gems are:
* amethyst (purple) – Rare and precious in the Old World until large deposits were found in Brazil.
* diamond (transparent)
* emerald (green)
* ruby (red)
* sapphire (blue) (en)
- 樞要寶石（Cardinal gems）指的是傳統上認為最重要的五種寶石。樞要寶石的稱呼由來已久可追溯至古代，指的都是古時候罕見或有宗教儀式用途的寶石。 現代已經很少使用樞要寶石一詞。 五種傳統樞要寶石分別為：
* 紫水晶（紫）：在舊大陸十分稀有，但在新大陸的南錐地帶巴西、烏拉圭等國有豐富礦藏
* 鑽石（白）
* 祖母綠（綠）
* 紅寶石（紅）
* 藍寶石（藍） (zh)
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- Cardinal gem (en)
- 樞要寶石 (zh)
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