Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4)

Trends in incidence of extrapulmonary tuberculosis in children in the Czech Republic in the past 35 years

Karolína Doležalová, Vojtěch Kika, Dana Göpfertová, Jiří Wallenfels

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):207-212 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7499

Objective: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) in children globally represents a proportion of all cases of tuberculosis, reaching 20% according to published reports. Children are at a higher risk for disseminated TB and extrapulmonary forms. The most prevalent clinical presentations of EPTB in children worldwide are peripheral lymphadenitis and osteoarticular TB. Peritoneal, urogenital, or meningeal tuberculosis is less frequent, and their diagnosis is often difficult. The aim of the study was the determination of EPTB incidence in children in a low-prevalence region over 35 years. Methods: Descriptive retrospective study of the incidence of EPTB in...

Hepatitis B immunization data of patients living with HIV/AIDS: a multi-centre study

Servet Öztürk, Ayşe Serra Özel, Pinar Ergen, Seniha Şenbayrak, Canan Ağalar

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):213-218 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7300

Objectives: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are the two leading viruses that cause the greatest number of virus-related morbidities in the world. HIV/HBV coinfection is correlated with high morbidity and mortality. For this particular reason hepatitis B vaccination is crucial for people living with HIV. Methods: Patients who are being followed-up for HIV/AIDS and who have received a hepatitis B vaccine in 4 HIV clinics over a 5-year time period have been studied. Our multi-centered, retrospective, cross-sectional and observational study investigates factors that affect hepatitis B vaccination immune response of individuals...

Parents' views and information status on childhood vaccines: which myths play a role

Multehan Evran, Hayrunnisa Bekis Bozkurt

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):219-224 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6946

Objectives: The participation of families in childhood vaccination decreases slightly every year around the world. Parents arrive at a decision that vaccines are not safe for their children due to many sources of misinformation. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between vaccine hesitancy, vaccine knowledge status and socio-demographic characteristics of the children's parents. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 361 parents of children aged 5 years and under, who were admitted to our paediatric outpatient clinic, were included. The parents received scores between 0-20 points according to the correct answers they gave to...

Foodborne streptococcal tonsillopharyngitis outbreak in a hospital

Şemsi Nur Karabela, Sevtap Şenoğlu, Özlem Altuntaş Aydin, Kürşad Nuri Baydili, Özlem Aksu, Kadriye Kart Yaşar

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):225-229 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6027

Objective: Group A beta-haemolytic streptococci (GAS), which are responsible for most cases of acute bacterial tonsillopharyngitis, are transmitted from person to person and may rarely cause foodborne outbreaks. This study aims to report the epidemic caused by GAS in our hospital and to draw attention to the explosive outbreaks of the bacteria. Methods: Acute tonsillopharyngitis was seen in 201 of 450 hospital employees who ate in the hospital cafeteria on 4-5 June 2015. Results: GAS was detected in 106 (68%) of 157 cases and in 40 (63.5%) of 62 throat culture samples. The attack rate was 44.7%. The most suspected source of the outbreak was a food...

Hand disinfectants and their activity against clinical isolates of Bordetella pertussis

Petra Uttlová, Jan Urban

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):230-234 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7141

Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate possible emergence of resistance to disinfectants in Bordetella pertussis strains isolated from patients with whooping cough in the Czech Republic in 2014 and 2015. Methods: In an EN1500-based study, clean and dry fingertips of volunteers were always contaminated with one of the two clinical isolates of B. pertussis. Clinical isolates of B. pertussis were obtained from the National Reference Laboratory for Pertussis and Diphtheria, National Institute of Public Health (NIPH), Prague, Czech Republic. Dry and contaminated fingertips were immersed in 10 ml medium and then rubbed...

Occupational diseases arising in the area of the Ministry of Defence in the Czech Republic and their relationship to work categorization

Blanka Kupsová, Vladimír Pavlík, Jan M. Horáček, Václav Šafka, Petr Lašák, Jana Fajfrová, Michaela Husárová, Karin Boušová, Milan Tuček

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):235-240 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7235

Objective: The article deals with occupational health protection and identification of health risks in the work environment of the Ministry of Defence (MoD) of the Czech Republic (CR). It focuses on the assessment of the incidence of occupational diseases (OD) in high-risk and risk-free occupational categories in the years 2010-2019 and compares them with data from the civilian sector. It identifies the differences between military staff and civilian employees of the MoD. Methods: From the records of OD at the Department of Occupational Diseases of the Central Military Hospital in Prague, the data on acknowledged OD from the years 2010 to 2019 were...

Risk factors for eating disorders among Chinese and international university students: a comparative cross-sectional study

Areeba Yaqoob, Iqra Majeed, Hasnain Khalid, Shakeel Hussain, Muhammad Hamza Shahid, Fatima Majeed, Obaid-ul-Hassan, Ijaz-ul-Haq, Feng Qing

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):241-247 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a6998

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of eating disorders (EDs) and their association with socio-demographic and behavioural factors among university students. Methods: A cross-sectional study among university students (Chinese and international) in Nanjing, China. We collected the data from 877 students, of which 811 were eligible for this study. They submitted a self-administered questionnaire (Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire 6 (EDE-Q6) related to socio-demographic, health variables and lifestyle factors. Data were assessed with the help of SPSS software. Results: A total of 401 Chinese and 410 international...

Determination of vitamin D, iron and n-3 fatty acids in adolescents with different eating habits

Martina Valachovičová, Zuzana Slezáková, Jarmila Kristová, Vladimír Urbánek

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):248-252 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7048

Objectives: Proper eating habits ensure human health, so it is important to eat a balanced diet and learn the basics of proper eating from an early age. Adolescence is considered very important period for maintaining good health in terms of nutrition. Methods: In the study, we monitored the eating habits of 182 adolescents aged 14-19 years with different eating habits (73 vegetarians and 109 nonvegetarians) using a questionnaire on nutrition and determination of selected blood parameters - vitamin D, iron and n-3fatty acids. Results: Insufficient levels of vitamin D were determined in the whole group of adolescents, regardless of eating habits. Low...

Predictors of methamphetamine use in disadvantaged neighbourhoods in Czechia

Benjamin Petruželka, Petr Kupka, Václav Walach

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):253-260 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7121

Objective: This study aims to identify predictors of the lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine use in the population of Czech disadvantaged neighbourhoods. Methods: Using data from a face-to-face representative survey, two types of analysis were performed. A bivariate analysis (unadjusted odds ratios estimated with logistic regression) was conducted to determine the relationship with a dependent variable (lifetime prevalence of methamphetamine use). Subsequently, three multivariate binomial logistic regression models (socio-demographic and socioeconomic status, incarceration and victimization, mobility and space) were conducted to control for the...

Death from COVID-19 of a 57-year-old man refusing medical care and self-medicating with ivermectin

Robin Šín, Miroslav Kubiska

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):265-267 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7643

Since December 2019, the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus causes COVID-19 disease worldwide, which occurs mainly in unvaccinated elderly and polymorbid patients with a more severe course and increased risk of complications and death. Vaccination and specific therapy for the disease using mainly new antiviral drugs are the way to reduce the number of infected, hospitalized patients with a more severe course. We present a case report of an at-risk polymorbid 57-year-old man who refused vaccination and standard treatment for COVID-19 disease based on misinformation from the community. He self-treated himself with high dose of ivermectin. The patient died at...

Short communication

The mechanism of spoilage of a bottled soft drink leading to health problem of consumer

Lenka Mayerová, František Kožíšek, Dana Baudišová, Kateřina Klánová, Barbora Hlaváčková

Cent Eur J Public Health 2022, 30(4):261-264 | DOI: 10.21101/cejph.a7388

The case of spoilage of flavoured and sweetened soft drink occurred in the Czech Republic in 2019. After drinking it, the consumer was admitted to a hospital with sickness. The spoilage was caused by mould and an odorous substance, 1,3-pentadiene. The mechanism of food spoilage, with the formation of 1,3-pentadiene arising from the decarboxylation of sorbic acid and mould growth, is described. This could be the second case history reported worldwide of an allergic reaction to penicillin explaining how penicillin might get into the beverage. We hypothesise three possible causes of the health problem experienced with allergic reaction to penicillin or...

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