How To Create An NPM Package
Learn how to publish a package to npm with a complete setup including, TypeScript, Prettier, Vitest, GitHub Actions, and versioning with Changesets.
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tsconfig.json
scares everyone. It's a huge file with a TON of potential options.
But really, there are only a few configuration options you need to care about. Let's figure them out, and cheatsheet them.
This article is so popular that I've bundled its recommendations into a library! It's called @total-typescript/tsconfig
, and you can check it out here.
Want just the code? Here you go:
{
"compilerOptions": {
/* Base Options: */
"esModuleInterop": true,
"skipLibCheck": true,
"target": "es2022",
"allowJs": true,
"resolveJsonModule": true,
"moduleDetection": "force",
"isolatedModules": true,
"verbatimModuleSyntax": true,
/* Strictness */
"strict": true,
"noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true,
"noImplicitOverride": true,
/* If transpiling with TypeScript: */
"module": "NodeNext",
"outDir": "dist",
"sourceMap": true,
/* AND if you're building for a library: */
"declaration": true,
/* AND if you're building for a library in a monorepo: */
"composite": true,
"declarationMap": true,
/* If NOT transpiling with TypeScript: */
"module": "preserve",
"noEmit": true,
/* If your code runs in the DOM: */
"lib": ["es2022", "dom", "dom.iterable"],
/* If your code doesn't run in the DOM: */
"lib": ["es2022"]
}
}
Here are the base options I recommend for all projects.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"esModuleInterop": true,
"skipLibCheck": true,
"target": "es2022",
"allowJs": true,
"resolveJsonModule": true,
"moduleDetection": "force",
"isolatedModules": true,
"verbatimModuleSyntax": true
}
}
esModuleInterop
: Helps mend a few of the fences between CommonJS and ES Modules.skipLibCheck
: Skips checking the types of .d.ts
files. This is important for performance, because otherwise all node_modules
will be checked.target
: The version of JavaScript you're targeting. I recommend es2022
over esnext
for stability.allowJs
and resolveJsonModule
: Allows you to import .js
and .json
files. Always useful.moduleDetection
: This option forces TypeScript to consider all files as modules. This helps to avoid 'cannot redeclare block-scoped variable' errors.isolatedModules
: This option prevents a few TS features which are unsafe when treating modules as isolated files.verbatimModuleSyntax
: This option forces you to use import type
and export type
, leading to more predictable behavior and fewer unnecessary imports. With module: NodeNext
, it also enforces you're using the correct import syntax for ESM or CJS.Here are the strictness options I recommend for all projects.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"strict": true,
"noUncheckedIndexedAccess": true,
"noImplicitOverride": true
}
}
strict
: Enables all strict type checking options. Indispensable.noUncheckedIndexedAccess
: Prevents you from accessing an array or object without first checking if it's defined. This is a great way to prevent runtime errors, and should really be included in strict
.noImplicitOverride
: Makes the override
keyword actually useful in classes.Many folks recommended the strictness options in tsconfig/bases
, a wonderful repo which catalogs TSConfig options. These options include lots of rules which I consider too 'noisy', like noImplicitReturns
, noUnusedLocals
, noUnusedParameters
, and noFallthroughCasesInSwitch
. I recommend you add these rules to your tsconfig.json
only if you want them.
If you're transpiling your code (creating JavaScript files) with tsc
, you'll want these options.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"module": "NodeNext",
"outDir": "dist"
}
}
module
: Tells TypeScript what module syntax to use. NodeNext
is the best option for Node. moduleResolution: NodeNext
is implied from this option.outDir
: Tells TypeScript where to put the compiled JavaScript files. dist
is my preferred convention, but it's up to you.If you're building for a library, you'll want declaration: true
.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"declaration": true
}
}
declaration
: Tells TypeScript to emit .d.ts
files. This is needed so that libraries can get autocomplete on the .js
files you're creating.If you're building for a library in a monorepo, you'll also want these options.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"declaration": true,
"composite": true,
"sourceMap": true,
"declarationMap": true
}
}
composite
: Tells TypeScript to emit .tsbuildinfo
files. This tells TypeScript that your project is part of a monorepo, and also helps it to cache builds to run faster.sourceMap
and declarationMap
: Tells TypeScript to emit source maps and declaration maps. These are needed so that when consumers of your libraries are debugging, they can jump to the original source code using go-to-definition.If you're not transpiling your code with tsc
, i.e. using TypeScript as more of a linter, you'll want these options.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"module": "preserve",
"noEmit": true
}
}
module
: preserve
is the best option because it most closely mimics how bundlers treat modules. moduleResolution: Bundler
is implied from this option.noEmit
: Tells TypeScript not to emit any files. This is important when you're using a bundler so you don't emit useless .js
files.If your code runs in the DOM, you'll want these options.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"lib": ["es2022", "dom", "dom.iterable"]
}
}
lib
: Tells TypeScript what built-in types to include. es2022
is the best option for stability. dom
and dom.iterable
give you types for window
, document
etc.If your code doesn't run in the DOM, you'll want lib: ["es2022"]
.
{
"compilerOptions": {
"lib": ["es2022"]
}
}
These are the same as above, but without the dom
and dom.iterable
typings.
I've been updating this cheatsheet as TypeScript evolves, and as I refine my view of what belongs in a reusable tsconfig.json
. Here's the changelog:
verbatimModuleSyntax
to the base options. With the introduction of module: Preserve
, verbatimModuleSyntax
is much more useful. Many applications do 'fake ESM', where they write imports and exports but transpile to CommonJS. Next.js is a common example. Before module: Preserve
, verbatimModuleSyntax
would error on every single import or export statement because it was expecting a module. With module: Preserve
, its scope is narrowed making sure import/export type
is used correctly.noImplicitOverride
to the strictness options. Never knew about this option, or the override
keyword, until I discovered it while researching my book. noImplicitOverride
is a very small improvement at no cost, so why not?Hopefully, I've given you a bit of inspiration for the next time you need to configure TypeScript.
Did I miss anything? Let me know:
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