Multiperspectivity:
‘A way of viewing and a predisposition to view, historical events,
personalities, developments, cultures and societies through
drawing on procedures and processes which are fundamental to
history as a discipline.’
(Robert Stradling, “Multiperspectivity in history. teaching: a guide for teachers” )
BUT WHY
1877-1878: Russo Turkish War
1911: Trablusgarb War (Turko-Italian War)
1912: First Balkan War
1913: Second Balkan War
1914-1918: Second World War
1919-1923: War of Independence
War 18 year old guy Wife Son
1877-1878-Russo Turkish War 19 16 2
1911-War with Italians 52 49 35
1912-First Balkan War 53 50 36
1913-Second Balkan War 54 51 37
1914-1918- Second World War 59 56 42
1919-1923- War of Independence 64 91 47
INDEPENDENCE
October 29, 1923
August 30, 1922
April 23, 1920
May 19, 1919
Two
The sultan was kept in Different At the same time, a
the custody of the Allies Reactions Turkish nationalist
to ensure the cooperation movement was organized
of an Ottoman under Atatürk's
administration, which had leadership to resist the
effective jurisdiction only occupations.
in Istanbul and part of
northern Anatolia, while
they disposed of the rest
of his empire.
MAY 19:
Upon his arrival at Samsun in May 1919, Atatürk proceeded
to rally support for the nationalist cause and to recruit a
nationalist army .
Considered as the beginning of the national liberation movement.
An official holiday dedicated to the YOUTH of Turkey.
The naming of a chief minister in Istanbul considered sympathetic to the
nationalist cause brought a brief improvement in relations, however, and the
Ottoman parliament, which met in January 1920, approved the NATIONAL
PACT.
In reaction to these developments, Allied occupation forces seized public
buildings and reinforced their positions in the capital, arrested and deported
numerous nationalist leaders, and had parliament dismissed.
APRİL 23:
Allied actions brought a quick response from the nationalists. In April they
convened the GRAND NATİONAL ASSEMBLY in Ankara, in defiance of the
Ottoman regime, and elected Atatürk its president. With this legislation, the
nationalists proclaimed that sovereignty belonged to the nation and was
exercised on its behalf by the Grand National Assembly.
CHILDREN OF TURKEY, AND
An official holiday dedicated to the
THE CHILDREN OF THE WORLD.
AUGUST 30:
The final drive against the Greeks began in August 1922. In
September the Turks moved into Izmir, where thousands were
killed during the ensuing fighting and in the disorder that
followed the city's capture. Greek soldiers and refugees, who
had crowded into Izmir, were rescued by Allied ships.
At the end of October 1922, the Allies invited the nationalist
and Ottoman governments to a conference at Lausanne,
Switzerland, but Atatürk was determined that the nationalist
government should be Turkey's sole representative. In
November 1922, the Grand National Assembly separated the
offices of sultan and caliph and abolished the former.
Turkey was the only power defeated in
World War I to negotiate with the Allies as
an equal and to influence the provisions of
the resultant treaty
OCTOBER 29:
On October 29, 1923, the Grand National Assembly
proclaimed the Republic of Turkey. Atatürk was named its
president and Ankara its capital, and the modern state of
Turkey was born.
November 10, 1938
NOVEMBER 10:
Atatürk died at five past nine in the morning on November
10 in Dolmabahce Palace.
THE ENTIRE NATION COMES TO A HALT TO HONOR HIM AT 9:05
EVERY YEAR.
Thanks for listening...
