Completion Packer Basic

Outline
 Functions Of Packer
 Basic Packer Components
 Packer Classification
 Retrieval Methods
 ISO Design Criteria
 Packer Envelope
 ISO Standards
 Circle of Force of a Packer
 Packer Accessories
What is a Packer?

A packer is a piece of downhole equipment that consists of a sealing device and

inside passage for fluids. Its purpose is to block the flow of fluids through the
annulus.
Packer

 Key equipment in completion

string which provides isolation
& downhole anchoring
functions.
Other Functions

 Downhole Tubing Anchor/ Primary Load Bearing

 Casing Protection/ Flow Control

PACKER
Packer Basic Components
Elements

Ratchet Gauge Ring Gauge Ring Mandrel

Cone Cone
Slips Slips
Function of each key components:
• Elements: Sealing & Isolation
• Gauge Rings: Protect elements while RIH & keep
elements in place while packer set
• Slips: Bit into casing and hold packer in place
• Cone: Push slips out and hold slips in place, keep
slips align
• Ratchet: One way movement, lock the packer in
place after it is set
Mandrel: Backbone of the packer, all other components
are sliding on the mandrel
Most packers have these six basic elements.
actual continuity/setting mech. to string: mandrel,
a seal: Element,
a biting component: slips,
Cones to extrude these slips,
Ratchet to lock in all the process,
Gauge ring to protect the elements from wearing off while
RIH.
Later “Components in Depth”. Elements style-testing FEA,
Slips style-testing FEA, Cones: multiple cone angles, back-
angle on upper cone.
Function of each key components:
• Elements: Sealing & Isolation
• Gauge Rings: Protect elements while RIH & keep
elements in place while packer set
• Slips: Bit into casing and hold packer in place
• Cone: Push slips out and hold slips in place, keep
slips align
• Ratchet: One way movement, lock the packer in
place after it is set
Mandrel: Backbone of the packer, all other components
are sliding on the mandrel
Most packers have these six basic elements.
actual continuity/setting mech. to string: mandrel,
a seal: Element,
a biting component: slips,
Cones to extrude these slips,
Ratchet to lock in all the process,
Gauge ring to protect the elements from wearing off while
RIH.
Later “Components in Depth”. Elements style-testing FEA,
Slips style-testing FEA, Cones: multiple cone angles, back-
angle on upper cone.
Packer Basic Components – Ratchet
OneCAT classification tree: Packers
 How are Packers Rated?
 Pressure and performance ratings for packers are determined by their
ability to remain set and maintain pack off at maximum pressure,
temperature ratings and casing grades.
The judging criteria is as follows:
 Differential pressure ratings can vary between 4,000-15,000 psi
 Temperature ranges vary up to 450º F
 Casing grades (tensile strength and minimum yield strength based on
pressure and corrosion requirements)

Ví dụ:Một ống casing P-110 có

giới hạn chảy tối thiểu là ~110
ksi→ Có thể chịu ứng suất kéo
tới 110.000 psi mà không bị biến
dạng dẻo.
Factors that affect pressure and performance ratings
 Durometer (hardness) of packing elements, seals and o-rings
 Temperature
 Tubing limitations
 Surface condition of casing ID
 Casing weight range limitations
 Gases
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S)
Carbon Dioxide (CO2)
Packer Classification
 Permanent &
Retrievable
 Seal Bore & Tubing
Mounted
 Hydraulic Set ,
Wireline
&Mechanical Set
 Retrievability- Permanent Packers
 Permanent packers are simple in design and do not usually include
complicated mechanisms.

 They are very reliable and can withstand considerable strains, as well
as high differential pressures. Permanent packers offer flexible
tubing/packer connections and can be left in the well during workover
operations to change production equipment.

 The biggest drawback to permanent packers is that they can only be

removed by milling or drilling out
Retrievability- Retrievable Packers
 Retrievable packers are designed to be unseated and pulled out of the
well through the use of an incorporated mechanism.

 They do not need to be milled or drilled out. Depending on the model,

they are hydraulically or mechanically set.

 They are connected to the tubing permanently unless a disconnection

joint or divider is included in the tubing string above the packer.

 They are easy to run in deviated wells and are available in dual and
triple versions for multiple string completions. It is possible to set
several retrievable packers in the same well at the same time.
Setting Methods
 Mechanically Set
Mechanical packers are set through the manipulation of the tubing string.
Typically, rotation combined with an upward or downward movement of
the tubing sets the packer.
Release a mechanically set packer by:
1. Picking up the tubing
2. Rotating the tubing
3. Applying of tension to shear tubing
Setting Methods
Hydraulically Set
Hydraulic packers are set by using the hydraulic force generated within
the packer.
Release a hydraulically set packer by:
1. Rotating the tubing
2. Applying tension to shear tubing
Wireline Set
Wireline set packers use an electric line pressure setting tool. A powder
charge in the setting tool is ignited by an electric current which creates
gas pressure.
Gas pressures then push a hydraulic piston, which produces the force
needed to set the packer and shear the disconnect.
Packer Applications
 Production Packers
A production packer is a device installed in wells to create a seal between
the tubing string(s) and casing, isolating the annulus.

There are many benefits to a production packer. They:

 Isolate and protect the casing from high pressures (during injection or
stimulation) and corrosive gases or fluids
 Come in dual configurations for production of multiple zones
 Isolate zones for segregated production
 Service Packer
Retrievable service packers are used for remedial applications such as
squeeze cementing, fracturing, acidizing and other operations
where high-pressure differentials are required.
They are designed to be set and released multiple times in the same well
and are removed from the well when the service application is
completed.

 Sturdier design for longer use before having to be serviced. Rental tool
only (in most cases)
 Used to isolate and repair damaged casing
Packer Classification – Examples

Model L: Hydraulic set, Sealbore, Permanent packer

Hydro-6: Hydraulic set, Tubing Mounted, Retrievable packer

SOT-1: Mechanical set, Tubing Mounted, Retrievable packer

 Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers Seal Bore Packers Tubing Mounted Dual String Packers Mechanical Packers
(Permanent) (Retrievable) Hydraulic Set Packers

HSP Quantum Hydro-5,6 & 8 Omegamatic,

Hydro-12
Storm Pkr &
QL Quantum X
Omegamatic LS
QLB MRP &
QMax MRP-ESP
QLS
QLH SOT -1
XHP
QHS
XMP

Swellable Packer
Packer Envelope
 The definition of the performance limit of a Packer.
 ISO 14310 Packer Performance Characteristics

Packer Test Conditions

Unplugged Plugged Isolated

ISO 14310 Packer Test Conditions

Upper annular
pressure: Pa

Tubing pressure: Pt

Lower annular
pressure: Pr

Unplugged Plugged

Isolated
ISO 14310 Standard
 Seven design validation grades of increasing severity:
 V6 : Supplier/manufacturer defined
 V5 : Liquid test
 V4 : Liquid test + axial loads
 V3 : Liquid test + axial loads + temperature cycling
 V2 : Gas test + axial loads
 V1 : Gas test + axial loads + temperature cycling
 V0 : V1 + zero bubble acceptance criteria
Some Packer Selection Guide

 Casing ID
 Casing weight
 Well Conditions ( pressure, temperature, fluid pptys)
 Well application
Packers & Accessories
 Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers Seal Bore Packers Tubing Mounted Dual String Packers Mechanical Packers
(Permanent) (Retrievable) Hydraulic Set Packers

HSP Quantum Hydro-5,6 & 8 Omegamatic,

Hydro-12
Storm Pkr &
QL Quantum X
Omegamatic LS
QLB MRP &
QMax MRP-ESP
QLS
QLH SOT -1
XHP
QHS
XMP

Swellable Packer
Seal Bore Packers
Setting Mode
 W/L Setting Tool
 Hyd. Setting Tool
 Hyd. Tubing Set (e.g. HSB)
Permanent Seal Bore Packers

 Model QL
 Model QLB
 Model QLH Hydraulic Set
 Model QLHB Step Bore Hydraulic Set
 HSP-1 Hydraulic Set Seal Bore Packer
 Model NIS Permanent Seal Bore Packer
QL & QLB Packers
QL QLB
 Permanent Seal Bore High Performance,
millable packers
 The Model “QLB” is an ideal packer for
use in applications with large tubing ID’s.
 Set on wireline or hydraulically with a
separate hydraulic setting tool
 Excellent high pressure production or
sump packer
 W/L
QL & QLB Setting on W/L Adapter Kit
CPST-AA
Features/Benefits/Limitations
 Accurate, Fast & Reliable
 Expanding Gas vs hydraulic setting
mode.
 Pressure balanced design
 Packer Assembly Weight Limitations
 Trajectory Limitations

CPST
Hydraulic Setting Method
(Type III Service Tool)
 Hydraulic Setting – Dropped Ball or Closed System
 Immediate Packer Testing After Setting
 Design Allows Higher Setting Forces
 RIH Auto-Fill & POOH String Drain Features
 Primarily Use – Sand Control Applications
 Trajectory Insensitive
 Round Trip w/ Workstring Required
 Setting Depth Inaccuracy vs. E-Line
NIS Packer

Features/Benefits
 One Trip/Non Intervention to Set Pkr
 No Plugs, Setting Tools or Other Interventions Required
 Uses Hydrostatic Pressure to Set
 Must Be Deployed in Closed Chamber
 Contingency - Conventional Tubing Pressure Set Option
Retrieval Methods
 Straight Pull
To release the packer, simply pick up until the preset tension to release
shear value is exceeded. After shear value releases the mandrel, the
mandrel moves up thereby exposing the circulating/ equalizing port
that may be used for circulating before pulling out of hole.

 Retrieving Tool
Quantum Max Retrieving Tool

Releasing Collet Shear Screw

Mandrel Anchor Latch
Shear Screw

Spring
Cone

Mandrel
Milling

 Rapid Mill & Removal

 Tungsten-Carbide tipped milling
shoe can mill out the largest
packer in a single trip
 Retrieves the packer body and all
lower extensions
 Milling tool features a safety
release from the packer if the
packer cannot be retrieved
Milling Tools
 Used to quickly and safely mill over and/or retrieve
packers, permanent bridge plugs, and cement
retainers from the well.
 Millout time is reduced to the minimum due to
specifically designed milling shoes.
 Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers Seal Bore Packers Tubing Mounted Dual String Packers
(Permanent) (Retrievable) Hydraulic Set Packers

Hydro-5,6 & 8
HSP Quantum Mechanical Packers
MRP &
QL Quantum X MRP-ESP
QLB
QLS QMax XHP
QLH SOT -1

XMP

QHS

Hydro-12
Retrievable Seal Bore Packers

 Setting Mode
 W/L Setting Tool
 Hyd. Setting Tool
 Hyd. Tubing Set
Retrievable Seal Bore Packers

 Quantum
 Quantum X
 Quantum maX
QUANTUM Packer

 Specifically designed for all aspects of sand control operations

 Core component of the QUANTUM GP System
 Designed for production gravel packing
 The position-indicating mechanism ideal for deep, deviated and
horizontal wells no rotation is required to set the packer
 Achieved through pressure and vertical movement
 Pressure ratings 6000 to 8000 psi. Temperature ratings 250ºF to
350ºF
QUANTUM X Packer

 Core component of the HTHP gravel pack system

 Suitable for high pressure, high volume STIMPAC* treatments rated
at 10,000 psi @ 325ºF.
 Planned development to 15,000 psi @ 425ºF with only a materials
change
 Standard torque through rating is 10,000 ft-lbf
 Capable of up to 200,000 lbf tailpipe load
QUANTUM HS

 Hydraulically set with the production string rated to 6,000 psi at 250ºF
An elastomer upgrade to extend the temperature rating to 350ºF and
the pressure to 8,000 psi
Retrievable and millable
Standard, stepped and large-bore systems
Application Summary Retrievable Seal Bore Packers
 Medium-High Pressure/Medium-High Temperature
 Hostile Environment
 Suitable for Production, Injection, TCP, Stimulations, Testing &
Sandface Applications
 Subsea/Deep Applications
 Often used in Multizone, Single & Dual String Completions
 High Volume Production – Larger Bores
 Suitable for Tension & Compression Loading
 Connect/Disconnect/Reconnect Utility
 Host Product For:
 3 Types of Expansion Joints
 Multiple Seal Assembly Configurations
 Hydraulic Set & Wireline Set versions
 Accurate Setting Position w/Wireline setting assembly
 Highly-Deviated/Horizontal Wells w/Hydraulic Set
version
 Intervention required to retrieve.
 Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers Seal Bore Packers Tubing Mounted Dual String Packers
(Permanent) (Retrievable) Hydraulic Set Packers
Mechanical Packers
Hydro-5,6 & 8
HSP Quantum Omegamatic,
MRP & Storm Pkr &
QL Quantum X MRP-ESP Omegamatic LS
QLB
QLS QMax XHP
QLH SOT -1

XMP

QHS

Hydro-12
 Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers Seal Bore Packers Tubing Mounted Dual String Packers
(Permanent) (Retrievable) Hydraulic Set Packers

Hydro-5,6 & 8
HSP Quantum Mechanical Packers
MRP &
QL Quantum X MRP-ESP
QLB
QLS QMax XHP
QLH SOT -1

XMP

QHS

Hydro-12
 Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers
(Permanent)
Code Full Name Description / Key Features
HSP Designed for high pressure and high
HSP High-Performance Seal temperature operations, very robust seal
QL Packer integrity.
QLB
QLS Enables fast and simple seal assembly
QL Quick Lock
QLH engagement, reducing rig time.

QLB Quick Lock – Bore Focused on precise bore sealing and

enhanced internal diameter alignment.

QLS Quick Lock – Slimline Slim body design for narrow or restricted
wellbores.

QLH Quick Lock – High Load Built for high mechanical loads and differential
pressure environments.
Packer Families
Seal Bore Packers
(Retrievable) Code Full Name Description / Key Features

Quantum Standard retrievable seal

Quantum Quantum Retrievable Packer bore packer; reliable and
Quantum X field-proven for general
completions.
QMax
Enhanced version of
Quantum Quantum eXtended Quantum with improved
X sealing and higher pressure
capability.
QHS
Designed for maximum
QMax Quantum Max performance – larger bore,
higher pressure/temp
tolerance.

Optimized for high-load,

QHS Quantum High-Strength high-strength applications in
challenging well
environments.
Packer Families
Tubing Mounted
Hydraulic Set Packers

Hydro-5,6 & 8 Model Full Name Description / Key Features

Standard hydraulic-set packers mounted
MRP & Hydro-5,6 & 8 Hydro Series 5, 6, and 8 on tubing; used for a wide range of
MRP-ESP completions.

MRP Medium-Range Packer Tubing-conveyed hydraulic set packer for

XHP medium-depth, general service wells.

XMP MRP adapted for Electric Submersible

MRP-ESP Medium-Range Packer – Pump (ESP) applications; includes cable
ESP version bypass options.

Extra High Pressure Designed for extremely high-pressure

XHP Packer environments; tubing-mounted and robust
construction.

Extra High-Temperature Optimized for high-temperature well

XMP Packer environments; reliable sealing and durable
elastomers.
 Packer Families
Dual String Packers

Model Full Name Description / Key Features

A hydraulic set packer designed for

Hydro-12 Dual dual tubing string completions,
Hydro-12 String Hydraulic allowing isolation between two flow
Set Packer paths in the same wellbore. Suitable for
selective production or injection.

Hydro-12
Packer Families
Mechanical Packers
Model Full Name Description / Key Features
Omegamatic,
Storm Pkr & Omegamatic Mechanical Standard mechanical set packer; set by
Omegamatic Packer tubing manipulation (slack off or
Omegamatic LS tension).

Storm Pkr Storm Mechanical Packer Rugged mechanical packer, designed

for challenging conditions or well testing.
SOT -1
Omegamatic Locking-type mechanical packer for high
LS Omegamatic Lock-Set hold-force applications and repeated
setting.

Single-Trip Test Tool – Mechanical test packer used for

SOT-1 Type 1 formation testing, allows setting and
testing in a single trip.
Packer accessories

 Mill-out extensions
 Seal assemblies: Locator, Anchor, Snap-Latch
 Expansion Joints
Millout Extension

 Usually installed below the Packer to provide the required

length and ID to accommodate the milling tool

 The ID must be greater than the ID of the packer to be able

to furnish an adequate shoulder for retrieving the packer
after the milling process is completed
Seal Assemblies

• Locator Type
• Anchor Latch
– Snap-In/Rotate-Out
• Snap Latch
– Snap-In/Snap-Out
Locator Type Seal Assemblies

 Allows Tubing Movement Within a

Seal Bore Packer
 Allows Connect - Disconnect-
Reconnect Utility
 Used in High Pressure – High
Temperature Applications
 Used in Multi-Zone Completions
 Load Case - Requires Tubing
Movement Analysis
Anchor Latch Seal Assemblies
 Used to Anchor Tubing String to
Seal Bore Packer
 Allows Connect - Disconnect-
Reconnect Utility
 Used in Single Trip and/or Multi-
Zone Completions
 Right Hand Rotation Required to
Disconnect
 Load Case - Requires Stress
Analysis
Snap latch seal assembly
 Used to provide positive indication
of proper seal location in seal bore
 Allows Connect - Disconnect-
Reconnect Utility
 Used in Single Trip and/or Multi-
Zone Completions
 Overpull to release
 Load Case - Requires Tubing
movement analysis
 Little Upward tubing movement
Slips
 Single slips (can be lost when retrieving)

 Bi-directional slips
 Wikers are pointing in both directions (cage-knock off)

 Barrel Slips
 Simplified design with many fewer parts
 Dramatically improves load distribution into casing
 Reduces casing stress
 Improves load area by a factor of 5, allowing higher pressure higher loads
 Reduces cost and inventory (part count from 16 to 1)
 Rationalization (interchangeable)
Key Technologies and Challenges
 Barrel Slips
 Slips / Casing Interaction
Slips Marks
inside Casing
Barrel Slips
FEA of Casing Stress
due to Slips
Qualification / Strain Gage / Casing Analysis

XMP/XHP
Barrel Slip

Pressure below element: Lower Barrel Slip

250000

Onset of casing
yield
200000

FEA
Stress (psi.)

150000
Estimated
Experimental Casing failure

100000

50000

0
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000

Pressure (psi.)
Failure Analysis – Destructive testing
Elements

 Nitrile
 Low temperature and low pressure, 40oF- 275oF
 Multi-piece and one-piece
 HNBR (Hydrogenated Nitrile)
 Moderate temperature or moderate pressure, 40oF-350oF
 Add anti-extrusion device
 Aflas
 High temperature 75oF-45oF
 Severe service
Element
 Stacked fold back element-HNBR (90-80-90 DURO)

What does it mean?

Durometer describes the hardness. The upper and lower

element is harder than the middle.
The End
Criteria Swell Packer Mechanical/Hydraulic Packer

Activation Mechanism Self-activates by swelling upon contact Activated by mechanical force or hydraulic
with water or oil pressure

Deployment Time Slow (takes hours to days to fully swell) Fast, activated immediately once in
position

Reliability High in stable environments, fewer failure High, but depends on

points mechanical/hydraulic integrity

Control Capability Cannot be controlled once swelling begins Activation pressure and timing can be
precisely controlled

Reusability Not reusable (one-time use only) Some types can be reset or reactivated

Suitability for Horizontal Wells Very suitable – no need for force May be challenging due to mechanical or
transmission mechanisms hydraulic limitations

Operational Complexity Simple – no surface control equipment More complex – requires control systems
needed and monitoring

Cost Typically lower due to fewer components Generally higher due to complex control
mechanisms