Sentence Patterns

BASIC SENTENCE PATTERNS

• A sentence expresses complete thought or idea and consists of a
subject and its verb

• 1. S- IV or S-V Pattern ( Subject + Verb )

• In this patter, the verb is intransitive- does not require an
object to receive action. Verbs in this pattern may be followed by
adverbs or prepositional phrases
• ex. The ratings work diligently
• They sleep in their cabins.
• The students listen attentively.
• 2. S - TV- DO or S - V - O Pattern
• In this patern, the verb is transitive and requires an object to
receive the action. The D. O is usually a noun placed after the
verb that answers a question what/ or who
• ex. The master supervizes the work onboard.
• s v o
• The dean issued a memorandum .
• The students respect their teachers.
• We follow instructions properly
• I love my country
•
• 3. S - LV - SC Pattern
• In this pattern, the verbs are linking - they connect the subjects to other
words that say something about them. These other words are called
complements because they complete the subjects by renaming or describing
them.
• LInking verbs are Be verbs - is, am, was, were, will be, has been, had been
• and verbs of the senses - look, seem, appear, taste, smell, sound, smell
• ex. He /is/ a scholar.
• He/ has been /my friend for many years
• You/ look /great today.
• Roses/ smell /fragrant
• Chocolates/ taste/ sweet
4. S - V -IO - DO Pattern
• In this pattern, the verb is transitive and requires an object,
however I.O or Indirect Object indicates to whom or for whom is
the Direct Object intended.
• ex. The teacher /gives / us/ a quiz.
• s v io do
The dean /gave /the winners/ their certificates of recognition
The guidance counselor/ offers / him/ a sound advice.
• Parents / teach/ their children/ good moral values.
• My friend / told/ me/ an interesting story
S - V - O- OC Pattern
• In this pattern, the Objective Complement or (OC ) is a modifier
that speaks something about the direct object of the sentence.
• ex. We/ find /his story/ very hilarious
• s v o oc
• We / consider/ Rizal/ our national hero
• Girls find him attractive.
• We / find /his/ behavior /quite disgusting
TYPES OF SENTENCES ACCOrDING TO CONTENT

• 1. DECLARATIVE SENTENCE - states a fact or information.

• ex. We are Lacsonians.
• Philippines is in South East Asia
• Seafarers are our modern heroes
•
• 2. IMPERATIVE SENTENCE - gives command or request
• ex. Please submit your requirements on time
• Follow instructions properly
• Do not throw your garbage here
• 3. INTERROGATIVE - asks questions
• Why did you take this course?
• How do you manage mental health issues?

• 4. EXCLAMATORY - suggests strong and intense feeling..

• Help! We are on fire.
• Ouch! I prick my finger
PHRASES, CLAUSES, SENTENCES

• . PHRASES - these are group of words without subject or verbs

but they can be used as nouns, adjectives or adverbs
• Types of Phrases:
• a. Gerunds - Verb + ing form - used as noun
• ex. Swimming is a good excercise
• Please stop smoking
• b. Infinitives To + verb - used as noun, adjective or adverb
• He loves to travel around the world
• Everybody needs someone to love.
• It’s difficult to forget an injury,
• c. Participles - Verb + ed, en, ing form - used as adjective only
• Present participle form-
• ex. The cap, hanging on the wall belongs to my brother.
• The girl wearing a red shirt is my cousin.
• Past participle form-
• ex. The quiz, given by the teacher is quite difficult
• The watch bought by Carlo was expensive
• Clauses - are groups of words with subject and verbs.
• Types of Clause:
• 1. Independent Clause - can stand as a sentence
• ex. He is my friend
• 2. Dependent or Subordinate Clause - cannot stand as a
sentence
• Because she is late
• When you strive hard
• Who believes in you
Types of Sentences According to Structure
• 1. Simple Sentence -
• consists of one independent clause.
• ex. She is a writer.
• 2. Compound Sentence-
• consists of two independent clauses connected by
and, yet, but, etc.
• ex. He studied hard, yet he failed.
• The service was good and the food was excellent
• 3. Complex Sentence - contains one independent and one or more
dependent clauses
• ex. I will help you /until you can manage on your own.
• You cannot take the test / unless you pay your tuition fee.
• A friend is someone/ who understands your eccentricities.

• 4. Compound- Complex - contains two independent and one or more

dependent clause
• ex. Idon’t know /where I’m going but I’m on my way.
• Are you going to stay with the one who loves you or are you going
back to the one you love?