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Chapter 8 Modulated Digital Communication System

Chapter 8 of the document discusses modulated digital communication systems, focusing on techniques such as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). It explains key concepts like bit rate versus baud rate, bandwidth requirements, and applications of these modulation techniques in various communication systems. Additionally, it covers mathematical representations and advantages/disadvantages of each modulation method.

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mandev Khatri
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38 views31 pages

Chapter 8 Modulated Digital Communication System

Chapter 8 of the document discusses modulated digital communication systems, focusing on techniques such as Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK), Frequency Shift Keying (FSK), and Phase Shift Keying (PSK). It explains key concepts like bit rate versus baud rate, bandwidth requirements, and applications of these modulation techniques in various communication systems. Additionally, it covers mathematical representations and advantages/disadvantages of each modulation method.

Uploaded by

mandev Khatri
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMMUNICATION

SYSTEMS

CHAPTER 8
MODULATED DIGITAL
COMMUNICATION SYSTEM
AGENDA

 ASK, FSK, PSK


 M-ary Digital Communication and its impact
on bandwidth
 Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK)
Introduction
Bit Rate Vs. Baud Rate
 Bit rate (bps)
 the number of bits per second

 Baud rate (signal unit/sec: baud / sec: baud)


 the number of signal units per second
 less than or equal to the bit rate
Example 1

An analog signal carries 4 bits in


each signal unit. If 1000 signal units
are sent per second, find the baud
rate and the bit rate
Solution

Baud rate = 1000 bauds per second (baud/s)


Bit rate = 1000 x 4 = 4000 bps
Example 2
The bit rate of a signal is 3000. If
each signal unit carries 6 bits, what
is the baud rate?

Solution

Baud rate = 3000 / 6 = 500 baud/s


Amplitude Shift Keying (ASK)
Definition: ASK modulates the amplitude of the carrier signal to
represent binary data.

Types:
Binary ASK (BASK): Uses two amplitude levels to represent
binary 0 and 1.
M-ary ASK: Uses multiple amplitude levels to represent more
than one bit per symbol.
Applications:
Radio broadcasting, RFID systems, Optical fiber communication
Advantages: Simple implementation, efficient for low-bandwidth
applications.
Disadvantages: Susceptible to noise
Mathematical
Representation
 Binary ASK
ASK Waveform
Modulation and De-
modulation of ASK Waveform
Comparison of Binary ASK
and M-ary ASK
Bandwidth of BASK Signal

 The bandwidth of BASK Signal can be


approximated as ,
BW= (1+α). Rb
 Where, alpha is the roll-off factor of the filter
used in the system and Rb is the bit rate. For
practical purposes, alpha is often taken as
0.5 for a raised cosine filter
Frequency Shift Keying
(FSK)
 Definition: FSK modulates the frequency of the carrier signal to represent binary data.
Mathematical Expression of
FSK
Bandwidth Requirement of
BFSK
 The bandwidth requirement of BFSK can be
approximated as,
FSK Modulator
Asynchronous FSK
Demodulator
Synchronous FSK
Demodulator
Phase Shift Keying

 In phase shift keying, the phase of the carrier


is varied as per the input signal
 Advantages:
 High bandwidth efficiency.
 Robust against noise and interference.
 Suitable for high data rate applications.
 Disadvantages:
 Increased complexity with higher order PSK.
 Requires coherent detection.
Applications of PSK

 Wireless Communication: Used in Wi-Fi,


Bluetooth, and cellular networks.
 Satellite Communication: Commonly used
for data transmission in satellites.
 RFID: Utilized in RFID systems for data
exchange.
 Modems: Employed in modems for data
transmission over telephone lines.
Mathematical
Representation
BPSK Signal
BPSK Modulator
BPSK Demodulator
Bandwidth of BPSK Signal
Constellation Diagrams

 A constellation diagram helps us to define


the amplitude and phase of a signal when
we are using two carriers, one in
quadrature of the other.
 The X-axis represents the in-phase carrier
and the Y-axis represents quadrature
carrier.
Concept of a constellation diagram
Constellation diagrams for some QAMs
29
M-ary Encoding
Quadrature Phase Shift
Keying (QPSK) and M-ary
modulation
 Refer to the pdf file

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