Integration of Sensors and Actuators with
Arduino:
Part I
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Sensor
s
Electronic elements
Converts physical quantity/ measurements into electrical
signals
Can be analog or digital
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Types of
Sensors
Some commonly used sensors:
Temperature
Humidity
Compass
Light
Sound
Accelerometer
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Sensor Interface with
Arduino
Digital Humidity and Temperature
Sensor (DHT)
PIN 1, 2, 3, 4 (from left to right)
PIN 1- 3.3V-5V Power supply
PIN 2- Data
PIN 3- Null
PIN 4- Ground
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DHT Sensor
Library
Arduino supports a special library for the DHT11 and DHT22
sensors
Provides function to read the temperature and humidity
values from the data pin
dht.readHumidity()
dht.readTemperature()
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Connection
Connect pin 1 of the DHT
to the 3.3 V supply pin in
the board
Data pin (pin 2) can be
connected to any digital
pin, here 12
Connect pin 4 to the
ground (GND) pin of the
board
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Sketch:
DHT_SENSOR
Install the DHT Sensor Library
Go to Sketch -> Include Library ->
Manage Library
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Sketch: DHT_SENSOR
(contd..)
Search for DHT SENSOR
Select the “DHT sensor
library” and install it
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Sketch: DHT_SENSOR
(contd..)
#include <DHT.h>; void loop()
DHT dht(8, DHT22); {
//Initialize DHT sensor //Read data from the sensor and store it to variables
float humidity; humidity and temperature
//Stores humidity value
float temperature; humidity = dht.readHumidity();
value //Stores temperature
temperature= dht.readTemperature();
void setup() //Print temperature and humidity values to serial
{ monitor
Serial.begin(9600); Serial.print("Humidity: ");
Serial.print(humidity);
dht.begin(); Serial.print("%, Temperature: ");
} Serial.print(temperature);
Serial.println(" Celsius");
delay(2000); //Delay of 2 seconds
}
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Sketch: DHT_SENSOR
(contd..)
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Sketch: DHT_SENSOR
(contd..)
Connect the board to the PC
Set the port and board type
Verify and upload the code
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Outp
ut
The readings are printed at a delay of
2 seconds as specified by the delay()
function
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Integration of Sensors and Actuators with
Arduino-
Part II
Introduction to Internet of Things 1
Topics Covered
Introduction to ACTUATOR
Servo Motor
Servo motor interfaced with Arduino
Hardware interface
Sketch
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Actuator
s
Mechanical/Electro-mechanical device
Converts energy into motion
Mainly used to provide controlled motion to other
components
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Basic Working
Principle
Uses different combination of various mechanical structures
like screws, ball bearings, gears to produce motion.
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Types of Motor
Actuators
Servo motor
Stepper motor
Hydraulic motor
Solenoid
Relay
AC motor
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Servo
Motor
High precision motor
Provides rotary motion 0
to 180 degree
3 wires in the Servo
motor
Black or the darkest one is
Ground
Red is for power supply
Yellow for signal pin
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Servo Library on
Arduino
Arduino provides different library- SERVO to
operate the servo motor
Create an instance of servo to use it in the
sketch
Servo myservo;
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Sketch:
SERVO_ACTUATOR
#include void loop(){
//Servo moves to 0 degrees
ServoDemo.write(0);
<Servo.h> delay(1000);
//Including the servo library for the
program
// Servo moves to 90
int servoPin = 12; degrees
ServoDemo.write(90);
delay(1000);
Servo ServoDemo; // Servo moves to 180
// Creating a servo object degrees
ServoDemo.write(180);
void setup() { delay(1000);
// The servo pin must be attached to
the servo before it can be used
ServoDemo.attac}
h(servoPin);
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} 8
Sketch: SERVO_ACTUATOR
(contd..)
Create an instance of Servo
The instance must be attached
to the pin before being used
in the code
Write() function takes the
degree value and rotates the
motor accordingly
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Connection
Connect the Ground of the
servo to the ground of the
Arduino board.
Connect the power supply wire
to the 5V pin of the board.
Connect the signal wire to any
digital output pin (we have used
pin 8).
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Board
Setup
Connect the board to the PC
Set the port and board type
Verify and upload the code
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Outp
ut
The motor turns 0, 90 and 180
degrees with a delay of 1 second
each.
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Do more with the Servo
library
Some other functions available
with the Servo library:
Knob()
Sweep()
write()
writeMicroseconds()
read()
attached()
detach()
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Thank You
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