A PRELIMINARY SHIP DESIGN 80000 T DWT

BULK CARRIER
MAJOR PROJECT
Presented by Under the Guidance of
Joel Joshua N (AMNA23003) Dr. P.Sivabalan
ME- 2ND YEAR Professor & H.O.D
Department of Naval Architecture & Department of Naval Architecture &
Offshore Engineering Offshore Engineering 1
Owner Ship Requirement

Ship Type - BULK CARRIER

Deadweight - 80000 T
Speed - 15 knots
Classification of
- Llyord's register rule(LR)
society rules
Distance - 2540 nm
Port of Ennore to Port of
Route -
Jabali(Jebli Ali UAE)

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Methodology/ Block Diagram

Final Capacity Rudder & propeller

Particulars Check’s Calculation’s

Tonnage GZ curves & Stability

Calculation KN curves Calculation’s

Equipment Scantling Mid-ship Section

Calculation Calculation Calculation

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Final particulars
Length overall(LOA) 245.90 m

Length between perpendicular (LBP) 236.72 m

Breadth (B) 30.38 m

Depth (D) 19.70 m
Draft (T) 13.56 m
Light ship weight (LSW) 12436.80 t
Displacement (∆) 92436.80 m3

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Final particulars

Volume of displacement (▽) 93209.10 t

Block coefficient (CB) 0.79
Dead weight (DWT) 80,000 t
Speed 15 Knots
Forude number (FN) 0.311

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Stability calculation’s

DRAFT(T) 13.56 m
KB 7.25 m • Initial GM value = 0.55 m
BM 3.84 m
KG 8.27 m • As per IMO Regulations,
GM 2.82 m
GM > 0.2m
T/B 0.45
D/B 0.65 6
 Final Checking Stability values as per
IMO regulations
Initial metacentric height(GM) 0.55 m

Area under curve ( upto 30 degree) 0.20 m rad

Area under curve ( upto 40 degree) 0.42 m rad

Maximum angle of heel 40.00 degree

Maximum GZ 3.31 m

Angle of vanishing stability 75 degree

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 Arrival Condition

GZ max = 6.506 m
at 44.5 deg

The GZ curve for the arrival condition

stability is taken from Maxsurf. 8
 Departure Condition

GZ max = 6.507 m
at 44.5 deg

The GZ curve for the departure condition

stability is taken from Maxsurf. 9
Tonnage Calculation
GT = K1v
K1 = ( 0.2 + 0.2 log10V )
V = Total volume
V = (L*B*D) x CB

Bulk Carrier Gross Tonnage

L = 244.77 m
B = 30.38 m
D = 19.70 m
T = 13.56 m
CB = 0.79
V = 115698.85 m3
GT = 110449.25 m3 10
Bulk Carrier Net Tonnage

Net Tonnage Calculation

Minimum GT/3 36816.42
NT=K2*VC*4d^2+k3(N1+N2)
k2=0.2+0.02LOG10*VC 0.20
k3=1.25*((GT+10000)/10000) 18.87
N1=No of Passengers 0
N2=No of Crew 14
Net Tonnage 143612.29 m3

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Rudder
A rudder is a primary control surface, usually a
hinged plate, used to steer a ship, boat, or other
vessel moving through a fluid medium (like water
or air), by changing its direction.
Propeller
A ship propeller, often called a screw, is a rotating
device with blades that converts engine power into
thrust, propelling the vessel through water. 12
 Types of Rudder
• Balanced Rudder
• Unbalanced Rudder
• Semi-balanced Rudder

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Range types of Rudder design

Unbalanced rudder 0 - 10%

Semi-balanced rudder 10 - 20%
Balanced Rudder > 20%

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 Rudder and Propeller Calculation
The rudder & propeller calculations of the bulk
carrier are below displayed:
Rudder Area Calculation Ar = 0.025 x T x LBP 82.98 m^2

Rudder height calculation Hr = sqrt(Aspect ratio x rudder area) 12.22 m

Aspect Ratio for bulk carrier is taken as 1.8

Mean chord length Lr = rudder area/rudder height 6.79 m

Rudder displacement = 0.013 x (Ar)^3/2 9.83 m^2

Rudder Horn Calculation from LR rule book r = 150 x 0.8xL mm 826.80 mm

0.83 m

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 Total Rudder Area (m²) 82.98 m2
Area Ahead of Rudder Stock (m²) 2.48 m2

Balance Ratio (%) 2.99 %

By calculating the balance ratio using the appropriate

formula, I can conclude that the rudder of my bulk carrier
ship is an

“Unbalanced rudder”.
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 Frame Spacing’s
 Frame spacing refers to the distance between the
heels (the bottom part) of two consecutive
transverse frames, which are the ribs that give the
ship its shape and strength.
S.no Locations Required Selected
1 Forward of 0.05L from FP (470+L/0.6) or 600 whichever is lesser 600.00

2 Between 0.05L and 0.2L from FP (470+L/0.6) or 700 whichever is lesser 700.00

3 Between 0.2L and 0.25L from FP (510+L/0.6) or 850 mm whichever is 850.00

lesser
4 Between 0.2L from FP to 0.15L from AP (510+L/0.6) or 850 mm whichever is 850.00
lesser
5 Between 0.05L and 0.15L from AP (510+L/0.6) or 850 mm whichever is 850.00
lesser
6 Aft of 0.05L from AP (470+L/0.6) or 600mm whichever is 600.00
lesser
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Scantling Calculation & Midship Section
• Scantling refers to the determination of geometrical
dimensions (such as wall thickness and sectional modules) for
a structural component/system.
The components used in scantling & midship sections are :
1. Bottom structure
2. Side structure
3. Deck structure
4. Longitudinal & Transverse Stiffening Members
5. Bilge Keel
6. Margin Plate
7. Pillars & Stanchions 18
Midship Section

Bulk Carrier
Particulars
Vessel Bulk Units
name Carrier
LOA 245.90 m
LBP 236.72 m
B 30.38 m
D 19.70 m
T 13.56 m
DWT 80,000 T
SPEED 15 Kn

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Stress Calculation for design safe condition
σ = 175 N/mm2  These value are chosen from LR rule book.
For calculating the stress in a safe condition , the calculations are
shown below: (Rule bookPart3 – Chapter4 – Section 5)
σ = M/Z = Total bending moment (M) / Z
Total bending moment (M) = Stillwater bending moment + wave
bending moment
Mw = 2556.24 KN
Ms = 1087.26 KN
Bending moment = 3643.50 mm
Therefore σ = 145.95 N/mm2
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Conclusion
• By calculating the stress values, we can
confirm that the calculated stress is lower than
the permissible stress value specified in the
rule book.
• Therefore, we can ensure that the bulk
carrier ship design is safe.

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 References

1. Ship Design and Performance for Masters and Mates by Dr. C

B. Barrass.
2. Introduction to Naval Architecture by Eric Tupper.
3. Basic Naval Architecture, Ship Stability(2018) by Philip A.
Wilson.
4. Ship Design and Construction - Robert Taggart 1980.
5. Methodology of Preliminary Ship Design – by Papanikolavou
6. Garbatov, Y.; Palomba, G.; Crupi, V. Risk-based hybrid light-
weight ship structural design with consideration for carbon
footprint. Appl. Sci. 2023, 13: 3583.
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Department of Naval Architecture & Offshore Engineering