Introduction To Android &
Android Architecture
CONTENTS
01
History and
Evolution
What is Android
• Android is an open-source operating system primarily
designed for mobile devices such as smartphones, tablets,
smartwatches, and smart TVs.
• Android is built on the Linux kernel
Key features of Android
User Interface
Multitasking
Application Ecosystem
Integration with Google Services
Security
Customization
History and Evolution
Android originated in 2003 with the founding of Android Inc. by Andy
Rubin, Rich Miner, Nick Sears, and Chris White.
It ran on Android 1.0, marking the beginning of
Android's journey as a mobile operating
system.
Evolution of Android
Android 1.5 Cupcake (2009)
Android 2.2 Froyo (2010)
Android 4.0 Ice Cream Sandwich (2011)
Android 5.0 Lollipop (2014)
Android 10 (2019)
Android 11 (2020)
Android 12 (2021)
02
Open Source
Nature & App
Ecosystem
Open Source Nature of Android
Android is open-source, providing free access to its source code for
modification and distribution.
Open Source Nature of Android
Google collaborates with the open-source community to enhance
Android's development.
Community-driven projects and custom ROMs contribute to
Android's versatility and innovation.
App Ecosystem of Android
The Android ecosystem boasts millions of diverse applications
available on the Google Play Store, offering everything from games to
productivity tools and social media platforms.
App Ecosystem of Android
Google Play Protect ensures user app security.
Developers leverage technologies like AR, VR, ML, and AI for
enhanced app experiences in Android's diverse ecosystem.
03
Android
Architecture
Android Architecture
Android architecture refers to the system's structure and
design principles.
It includes components and layers that collaborate to
support mobile app development and execution.
Android Architecture
Components of Android
Architecture
Linux Kernel
Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL)
Native C/C++ Libraries
Android Runtime (ART)
Android Framework
System Apps
04
Android
Components
Android Components
Android components serve as the fundamental building blocks
of an Android application.
They define various entry points through which the system
interacts with the application.
Android Components
Activities
Services
Broadcast Receivers
Intents
Fragments
Views and View Groups
05
Basic File
Permission Model
Of Android
Basic File Permission Model
Of Android
Android file system: Hierarchical structure with "/" (root directory)
on top.
Key directories: "/system" (for system files), "/data" (for user data
and app files), "/sdcard" (for external storage).
Basic File Permission Model
Of Android
Letters Definition
‘r’ “read” the file’s contents.
‘w’ “write”, or modify, the file’s contents.
‘x’ “execute” the file. This permission is given only if the
file is a program.
Permission Types:
Normal Permissions
Dangerous Permissions
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