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Data Visualization Matplotlib Seaborn

The document provides an overview of data visualization principles and techniques using Matplotlib and Seaborn, two Python libraries. It outlines key principles such as clarity, relevance, and accuracy, and compares the functionalities of both libraries, highlighting Matplotlib's customizability and Seaborn's ease of use for statistical plots. Best practices for effective data visualization are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of choosing the right plot type and maintaining simplicity.

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3 views18 pages

Data Visualization Matplotlib Seaborn

The document provides an overview of data visualization principles and techniques using Matplotlib and Seaborn, two Python libraries. It outlines key principles such as clarity, relevance, and accuracy, and compares the functionalities of both libraries, highlighting Matplotlib's customizability and Seaborn's ease of use for statistical plots. Best practices for effective data visualization are also discussed, emphasizing the importance of choosing the right plot type and maintaining simplicity.

Uploaded by

rajputgs670
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Data Visualization with Matplotlib and

Seaborn
• Principles of Data Visualization and Plotting
Techniques
• Karan Bajaj
Principles of Data Visualization
• • Clarity: Visualizations should be easy to read
and interpret.
• • Relevance: Only present what’s necessary.
• • Consistency: Use consistent formatting and
scales.
• • Context: Add context with titles, axis labels,
and legends.
• • Accuracy: Ensure no distortion of the data.
What is Matplotlib?
• • A powerful, flexible Python library for
creating static, animated, and interactive
visualizations.
• • Works well with NumPy arrays and Pandas
DataFrames.
• • Ideal for custom and complex visualizations.
Creating Plots with Matplotlib
• • Line Plot: Use for trends over time or
continuous data.
• • Bar Plot: Use for categorical comparisons.
• • Histogram: Use for distribution of
continuous variables.
• • Scatter Plot: Use for relationships between
two continuous variables.
Example: Line Plot in Matplotlib
• ```python
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
• y = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
• plt.plot(x, y)
• plt.title('Simple Line Plot')
• plt.xlabel('X Axis')
• plt.ylabel('Y Axis')
• plt.show()
• ```
Example: Bar Plot in Matplotlib
• ```python
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• categories = ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E']
• values = [3, 7, 2, 5, 4]
• plt.bar(categories, values)
• plt.title('Simple Bar Plot')
• plt.xlabel('Categories')
• plt.ylabel('Values')
• plt.show()
• ```
Example: Scatter Plot in Matplotlib
• ```python
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• x = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
• y = [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
• plt.scatter(x, y)
• plt.title('Simple Scatter Plot')
• plt.xlabel('X Axis')
• plt.ylabel('Y Axis')
• plt.show()
• ```
Example: Histogram in Matplotlib
• ```python
• import numpy as np
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• data = np.random.randn(1000)
• plt.hist(data, bins=30)
• plt.title('Histogram')
• plt.xlabel('Value')
• plt.ylabel('Frequency')
• plt.show()
• ```
Plot Type Best For Example
Line Plot Trends over time Temperature changes, stock market trends
Bar Plot Categorical comparisons Population by country, product sales
Histogram Data distribution Age distribution, exam scores
Scatter Plot Relationship between variables Height vs. weight, ad spending
vs. sales
Difference Between Matplotlib and Seaborn
Matplotlib and Seaborn are both Python libraries for data visualization, but they differ in functionality,
aesthetics, and ease of use.

Feature Matplotlib Seaborn


Low-level, highly customizable High-level, statistical visualization
Purpose
plotting library. library built on Matplotlib.
Default plots are basic; Built-in themes and color palettes
Aesthetics customization is required for better make plots visually appealing by
appearance. default.
Requires manual coding for complex Simplifies complex visualizations
Ease of Use
visualizations. with built-in functions.
Supports plots like KDE plots, violin
Lacks built-in statistical visualization
Statistical Functions plots, and box plots for statistical
tools.
analysis.
Designed for Pandas DataFrames,
Works with NumPy arrays and
Data Handling making it easier to work with
Pandas DataFrames.
datasets.
Fully customizable with extensive Limited customization; heavily relies
Customization
functions (plt.xlim(), plt.ylim(), etc.). on Matplotlib for fine-tuning.

Slightly slower due to added


Faster for basic plots; efficient for
Performance complexity but optimized for data
simple visualizations.
exploration.

Advanced statistical plots like violin,


Plot Types Line, bar, scatter, histogram, pie, etc.
swarm, pair, heatmaps, etc.
What is Seaborn?
• • Built on top of Matplotlib for easier and
more attractive visualizations.
• • Offers high-level functions for statistical
plots.
• • Automatically handles some aesthetics (e.g.,
colors, styles).
• • Works well with Pandas DataFrames.
Example: Line Plot in Seaborn
• ```python
• import seaborn as sns
• import pandas as pd
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• data = pd.DataFrame({'x': [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], 'y': [2, 4, 6, 8,
10]})
• sns.lineplot(x='x', y='y', data=data)
• plt.title('Seaborn Line Plot')
• plt.show()
• ```
Example: Bar Plot in Seaborn
• ```python
• import seaborn as sns
• import pandas as pd
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• data = pd.DataFrame({'category': ['A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E'],
'values': [3, 7, 2, 5, 4]})
• sns.barplot(x='category', y='values', data=data)
• plt.title('Seaborn Bar Plot')
• plt.show()
• ```
Example: Histogram in Seaborn
• ```python
• import seaborn as sns
• import numpy as np
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• data = np.random.randn(1000)
• sns.histplot(data, bins=30, kde=True)
• plt.title('Seaborn Histogram with KDE')
• plt.show()
• ```
Example: Pairplot in Seaborn
• ```python
• import seaborn as sns
• import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
• iris = sns.load_dataset('iris')
• sns.pairplot(iris, hue='species')
• plt.show()
• ```
Matplotlib vs. Seaborn
• • Matplotlib: More customizable, better for
complex plots, low-level control.
• • Seaborn: High-level API, attractive default
styles, easy-to-use for statistical graphics.
• • Use Case:
• - Matplotlib: Custom, unique plots or complex
customizations.
• - Seaborn: Quick, beautiful statistical plots
with minimal effort.
Best Practices for Effective Data
Visualization
• • Choose the right type of plot for your data.
• • Keep your plots simple and avoid clutter.
• • Label your axes and add titles to make the
plot understandable.
• • Use colors effectively: avoid overuse and
ensure accessibility.
• • Ensure your visualizations are accurate and
represent the data well.
Summary of Key Concepts
• • Matplotlib: Great for customizable, static
visualizations.
• • Seaborn: Ideal for statistical plots with
beautiful defaults.
• • Principles: Always keep clarity, relevance,
and accuracy in mind.
• • Best Practices: Ensure your plots are simple,
well-labeled, and accurate.

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