Contents
• Introduction • Compression
• Purpose of Image processing • Morphological Processing
• Fundamental steps in Digital
image processing. • Segmentation
• Image Acquisition • Representation and
• Image Enhancement Description
• Image Restoration • Object Recognition
• Color Image processing • Knowledge Base
• Wavelets and Multi-Resolution
Processing
• Conclusion
• • References
Introduction
• An Image is defined as a two dimensional function f(x, y). (x, y)
is the spatial coordinate (or location) and f is the intensity at
that point.
• If x, y and f all are finite and discrete, then the image is said to
be a digital image.
• Digital image consists of finite and discrete image elements
called pixels, each of them having a location and intensity
value. In digital image processing, we process digital images
using a digital computer.
• There are various fundamental steps in digital image
processing. We will discuss all the steps and processes that can
be applied for different images.
Purpose of Image processing
The main purpose of the DIP is divided into following 5 groups:
Visualization: The objects which are not visible, they are observed.
Image sharpening and restoration: It is used for better image
resolution.
Image retrieval: An image of interest can be seen
Measurement of pattern: In an image, all the objects are
measured.
• Image Recognition: Each object in an image can be
distinguished.
Image Acquisition
• Image acquisition is the first step of the fundamental
steps of DIP. In this stage, an image is given in the
digital form. Generally, in this stage, pre-processing
such as scaling is done.
• 2. Image Enhancement
• Image enhancement is the simplest and most attractive
area of DIP. In this stage details which are not known, or
we can say that interesting features of an image is
highlighted. Such as brightness, contrast, etc...
3. Image Restoration
• Image restoration is the stage in which the appearance
of an image is improved.
• 4. Color Image Processing
• Color image processing is a famous area because it has
increased the use of digital images on the internet. This
includes color modeling, processing in a digital domain,
etc....
5. Wavelets and Multi-Resolution Processing
• In this stage, an image is represented in various
degrees of resolution. Image is divided into smaller
regions for data compression and for the pyramidal
representation.
• “6. Compression
• Compression is a technique which is used for reducing
the requirement of storing an image. It is a very
important stage because it is very necessary to
compress data for internet use.”
• .
7. Morphological Processing
• This stage deals with tools which are used for extracting
the components of the image, which is useful in the
representation and description of shape.
• 8. Segmentation
• In this stage, an image is a partitioned into its objects.
Segmentation is the most difficult tasks in DIP. It is a
process which takes a lot of time for the successful
solution of imaging problems which requires objects to
identify individually.
9. Representation and Description
• Representation and description follow the output of the segmentation stage.
The output is a raw pixel data which has all points of the region itself. To
transform the raw data, representation is the only solution. Whereas
description is used for extracting information’s to differentiate one class of
objects from another.
• 10. Object recognition
• In this stage, the label is assigned to the object, which is based on
descriptors.
• 11. Knowledge Base
• Knowledge is the last stage in DIP. In this stage, important information of the
image is located, which limits the searching processes. The knowledge base
is very complex when the image database has a high-resolution satellite.
Conclusion
• A picture is worth a thousand words. And the world is
filled with beautiful pictures. To manipulate these
images according to our needs is all digital image
processing is. And we live in the world using advanced
digital imaging processing in diverse fields.
References
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/fundamental-steps-in-dig
ital-image-processing/
• https://www.tpointtech.com/dip-image-transformations
Thank You
