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NoSQL & Database Life Cycle Final

The document provides an overview of NoSQL databases, which are designed for handling large volumes of unstructured and structured data with high performance and scalability. It outlines the types of NoSQL databases, including document-oriented, key-value stores, column-based, and graph databases, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it describes the database life cycle, detailing the phases from preliminary study to maintenance.

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Ahmed Mehmood
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15 views17 pages

NoSQL & Database Life Cycle Final

The document provides an overview of NoSQL databases, which are designed for handling large volumes of unstructured and structured data with high performance and scalability. It outlines the types of NoSQL databases, including document-oriented, key-value stores, column-based, and graph databases, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Additionally, it describes the database life cycle, detailing the phases from preliminary study to maintenance.

Uploaded by

Ahmed Mehmood
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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NoSQL & Database

Life Cycle
Muhammad Hannan (RCF30188)
Muhammad Hammad (RCF30154)
Ahmed Mehmood (RCF30145)
NoSQL
NoSQL means "Not Only SQL".
It is a type of database that stores data in a non-
relational format.

NoSQL databases are designed to handle large


volumes of unstructured, semi-structured,
and structured data and are known for
scalability, flexibility, and high
performance.
Why NoSQL is Used?
Imagine you are building Facebook or Amazon. Millions of
people are using it at the same time. You need a system that
is:

• Very fast
• Can handle huge data
• Can be changed easily
• Can work on many servers at the same time

That’s where NoSQL is helpful.


Types of NoSQL Databases

1. Document-Oriented Databases
● Data is stored as documents, usually
in JSON or BSON format.

● Best For: Content management


systems, blogs, product catalogs.
● Examples: MongoDB, CouchDB,
Amazon DocumentDB.

Each document can have a different


structure, like dynamic records.
2. Key-Value Store
• Stores data as a key (like a name)
and a value (data).
• Very simple and super fast.

• Best For: Caching, session


storage, user profiles.
• Examples: Redis, Riak, Amazon
DynamoDB.

Think of it like a giant dictionary where


you fetch data using a unique key.
3. Column-Based Store
● Data is stored in columns instead
of rows.
● Great for analyzing large data.

● Best For: Analytics, data


warehouses.
● Examples: Apache Cassandra,
HBase.
● Useful when you need to read only
some columns from millions of
records.
4. Graph Database
● Stores data as nodes (objects)
and edges (relationships).
● Great for data where connections
matter.

● Best For: Social networks,


recommendation engines, fraud
detection.
● Examples: Neo4j, ArangoDB,
Amazon Neptune.
● Perfect for representing complex
relationships between data.
Advantages of NoSQL
✅ High performance on large-scale data
✅ Easy horizontal scaling
✅ Flexible data modeling
✅ Faster development cycles
✅ Handles unstructured data efficiently

Disadvantages of NoSQL
❌ No Joins You can't connect data like SQL joins easily.
❌ No Standard Every NoSQL has its own rules. No common language like
SQL.
❌ Less Secure Some NoSQL databases don’t support ACID
(transactions).
Database Life Cycle

1. Preliminary Study
2. Requirement Analysis
3. Database Design
4. Physical Design
5. Implementation
6. Maintenance
1. Preliminary Study
Design of database is carried out in a number of steps; these steps play
important role in the design process and need to be given proper attention. First
Phase of the database development process is the Preliminary Study, which is
based on the proper study of the system.
It means that all the parts of the systems, or the section of the subject
organization for which we intend to develop the system must be studied.
2.Requirement Analysis
Once we have investigated the organization for its different sections and
the way data flows between those sections; Detailed study of the system is
started to find out the requirements of each section. In second phase, The
detailed study of the system and its functionality decisions made at this
stage decide the overall activity of the organization.
Requirements of one section of the organization are fulfilled in such a way
that all the sections in the organization are supporting each other.
For example, we can say that the results produced by the processing
taking place at one section are used as input for another section.
3.Database Design
Third phase in the database development process is the database design.

This is a technical phase of the process and need handsome skill as a Database
Administrator. This is the phase where the conceptual design of the database is
created. It also known as Conceptual Data Modeling.

Entities are identified and given attributes, relationships are built and different
types of relationship are performed by assigning cardinalities.
4.Physical Design
In fourth phase, The choice of the DBMS is made on the basis of requirements
and the environment in which the system will operate.

Implementing a database on a specific DBMS is very important because it


involves the major financial investment of the organization and can not be
reverted in case a selected DBMS in not capable of providing the desired
efficiency.

Also, Assigning meaningful Data Types, Constraints/Limitations and De-


Normalization of Data where required by the real time scenario/system are to
be finalized and processed in this phase.
5.Implementation
 This phase is specific to writing the application programs needed to carry
out different activities according to user requirements.

 We must write application programs in this phase by using MySQL (mai-


structured query language) by using DBMS engine known as XAMPP (Cross
platform apache MySequel PHP Perl).

 We can done coding with out any logical error; If we have implemented all
previous phases of database development process correctly.
6.Maintenance
 Maintenance means to fine tune the system and check that the designed
applications systems are fulfilling the purpose for which they are meant.

 Also, this phase may involve designing any new application for the
enhancement of the system.

 Or an already working application may need to be updated or modified to


remove any errors or to add some functionality in the system.
Thank
s

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