PERSONAL HYGIENE
PRESENTATION
BY: SERGEANT.
KUKA
OUTLINE
•What is personal hygiene
•Types of personal hygiene and how to maintain it?
•Importance of personal hygiene
•Personal hygiene mistakes you need to stop
immediately
•Which diseases can result from poor hygiene
•How to create your personal hygiene routine
HYGIENE
Hygiene refers to practices and
conditions that promote
cleanliness and health, both on
an individual and societal level.
It involves maintaining personal
cleanliness, proper sanitation,
and adopting behaviours that
prevent the spread of diseases
and infections. Hygiene helps
prevent illnesses, maintain
overall well-being, and
contributes to a healthier
environment for everyone.
TYPES OF HYGIENE
There are several types of hygiene:
1. *Personal Hygiene:* This involves practices that individuals undertake to
maintain their own cleanliness and health, such as bathing, brushing teeth,
washing hands, and grooming.
2. *Environmental Hygiene:* This focuses on maintaining cleanliness in the
surroundings to prevent the spread of diseases. It includes proper waste
disposal, clean water supply, and sanitation measures.
3. *Food Hygiene:* This pertains to safe handling, preparation, and storage of
food to prevent contamination and foodborne illnesses.
4. *Hand Hygiene:* Specifically emphasizes the importance of clean hands in
preventing the transmission of germs. Regular handwashing is a key
component.
5.*Domestic hygiene*, also known as household hygiene, refers to the
practices and measures taken within a home or living environment to ensure
cleanliness, health, and safety for its occupants. It involves maintaining a
PERSONAL HYGIENE
Personal hygiene is personal as its
name implies. In this regard personal
hygiene refers to the set of practices
and habits individuals adopt to
maintain their own cleanliness and
overall health. This includes activities
like regular bathing, brushing teeth,
washing hands, grooming nails, and
wearing clean clothes. Practicing good
personal hygiene helps prevent the
spread of germs, infections, and
diseases, while also promoting self-
confidence and a positive self-image.
TYPES OF PERSONAL
HYGIENE
1. Body Hygiene: This involves
maintaining the cleanliness of your body
through activities like:
*Bathing or Showering:* Regularly
bathe or shower using soap and water to
cleanse your skin and remove dirt, sweat, and
bacteria.
*Using Soap and Shampoo:* Use
mild soap and shampoo to cleanse your body
and hair. Be sure to rinse thoroughly to
remove all soap residue.
*Cleaning the Face:* Wash your
face twice a day to remove excess oil, dirt, and
makeup. Use a gentle cleanser suitable for
your skin type.
*Perfume or Cologne:* If desired,
use a light amount of perfume or cologne to
maintain a pleasant scent.
2 . *Oral Hygiene:* This focuses on keeping your
mouth and teeth clean by doing the following:
. *Brushing Twice a Day:* Brush your teeth at least
twice a day, preferably after meals, using fluoride
toothpaste. Use a soft-bristle toothbrush and gentle,
circular motions to clean your teeth and gums.
. *Flossing Daily:* Use dental floss or interdental
brushes to clean between your teeth and remove food
particles and plaque that brushing alone might miss.
. *Using Mouthwash:* Rinse with an antimicrobial or
fluoride mouthwash to help kill bacteria, freshen your
breath, and strengthen your teeth.
*Proper Diet:* Avoid excessive consumption of
sugary foods and beverages, as they can contribute to
tooth decay. Eat a balanced diet rich in fruits,
vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins, and dairy
products.
3.*Hand Hygiene:* Regularly washing your hands with soap
and water helps prevent the spread of germs and infections. The
following are 5 key steps of maintaining hand hygiene:
*Handwashing:* Wash your hands with soap and water for at
least 20 seconds, especially after using the restroom, before
eating, and after being in public places. Scrub all parts of your
hands, including between your fingers and under your nails.
. *Use of Hand Sanitizer:* When soap and water are not
available, use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer with at least 60%
alcohol. Apply enough sanitizer to cover all surfaces of your
hands and rub them together until dry.
*Avoid Touching Face:* Refrain from touching your face,
especially your eyes, nose, and mouth, with unwashed hands.
This can prevent the transfer of germs from your hands to
mucous membranes.
. *Hand Care:* Keep your nails clean and trimmed to avoid dirt
and bacteria build-up. Moisturize your hands to prevent dryness
and cracking, which can create openings for germs to enter.
*Cough and Sneeze Etiquette:* Cover your mouth and nose
with a tissue or your elbow when you cough or sneeze. Dispose
of tissues properly and wash your hands immediately afterward.
4. *Hair Hygiene:* This includes doing or
undergoing activities to keep ones hair clean. The
following are ways to keep ones hair clean:
* Regular Washing:* Wash your hair regularly
using a mild shampoo that suits your hair type.
How often you wash your hair depends on your
hair's texture, oiliness, and your personal
preferences. Over-washing can strip the scalp of
natural oils, so finding the right balance is
important.
*Scalp Care:* Gently massage your scalp while
shampooing to promote blood circulation and
remove excess oil and dirt. Avoid using your nails,
as this can lead to irritation.
*Conditioning:* Use a conditioner after
shampooing to keep your hair moisturized and
manageable. Apply it mainly to the ends of your
hair, as applying it to the scalp can make it oily.
5. Nail Hygiene:*These are measures one should
consider in order to keep ones nails clean and make
them look healthy to ensure personal hygiene. The
following are measures or practices one needs to
consider:
*Regular Trimming:* Trim your nails regularly
using clean and sanitized nail clippers. Trim them
straight across and then gently round the tips to
prevent ingrown nails.
*Cleaning:* Keep your nails clean by washing
them with soap and water. Gently scrub under the
nails to remove dirt and bacteria.
*Avoid Nail-Biting and Picking:* Refrain from
biting your nails or picking at them, as this can
introduce germs and lead to infections.
6.Foot Hygiene: This is another form of
keeping ones body clean and healthy and the
following practices will aid one on ensuring
this practice:
*Daily Washing:* Wash your feet daily with
soap and water, paying attention to the spaces
between your toes and the soles of your feet.
*Drying:* Thoroughly dry your feet after
washing, especially between the toes, to
prevent fungal growth.
*Moisturizing:* Apply a foot cream or
moisturizer to keep the skin on your feet
hydrated and prevent dryness and cracking
7 .*Genital Hygiene:* Maintaining cleanliness
in the genital area is crucial for preventing
infections and discomfort and this
includes:
*Gentle Cleansing:* Cleanse the genital
area daily using clean water. Be sure to wash
the area gently and avoid using harsh products
that might disrupt the natural balance of
bacteria.
*Proper Drying:* After washing, pat the
genital area dry with a clean, soft towel.
Moisture can lead to the growth of bacteria and
fungi, so it's important to keep the area dry.
*Wear Breathable Fabrics:* Choose
underwear and clothing made from breathable
materials like cotton. These fabrics allow air to
circulate, reducing moisture build-up and
minimizing the risk of infections.
8. * Eye and Ear Hygiene:*. The eyes and ears are
essential parts of the human body which helps in our daily
activities hence keeping them clean is very important. These are
some ways to keep them clean:
*Don't Insert Objects:* Avoid inserting cotton swabs,
hairpins, or any other objects into your ears. This can push
wax deeper into the ear canal and even damage the
delicate structures inside.
*Gentle Cleaning:* If you feel the need to clean your
ears, use a damp, warm cloth to gently wipe the external
part of your ears. Do not go beyond the external ear canal.
. *Contact Lenses:* If you wear contact lenses, follow
your eye care professional's instructions for cleaning,
disinfecting, and wearing them. Avoid sleeping in contact
lenses unless they are approved for extended wear.
*Avoid Rubbing:* Avoid rubbing your eyes, as this can
introduce dirt and bacteria. If your eyes are itchy or
irritated, use a clean tissue to gently pat them.
9. *Clothing Hygiene:*Clothing hygiene refers to the
practices and habits that ensure clean and hygienic clothing.
*Regular Washing:* Wash your clothes regularly, especially
after wearing them. This helps remove dirt, sweat, and bacteria
that can accumulate on fabric.
*Sort Laundry:* Sort your laundry into different piles based
on colour and fabric type. Washing similar items together
prevents colour bleeding and preserves the quality of your
clothes.
*Follow Care Instructions:* Read and follow the care labels
on your clothing. These labels provide information about the
appropriate washing, drying, and ironing methods to maintain the
fabric's integrity.
WHY PERSONAL HYGIENE IS
IMPORTANT.
Personal hygiene is important because it helps
prevent the spread of diseases, infections, and
germs, promoting good health. It also boosts self-
esteem, enhances social interactions, and
contributes to a positive self-image. By practicing
personal hygiene, individuals can maintain physical
well-being, prevent unpleasant odours, and foster a
sense of confidence and overall well-being.
PRACTICES THAT
HINDERS PERSONAL
HYGIENE
Certainly, here are five personal hygiene mistakes that should
be stopped immediately:
1. *Not Washing Hands Before Eating:* Skipping
handwashing before meals can lead to the ingestion of germs
and potential infections.
2. *Neglecting Back Hygiene:* Not properly washing
and caring for your back can lead to acne and skin issues.
3. *Using Expired Products:* Using expired skincare,
haircare, or other personal care products can be ineffective and
potentially harmful to your skin and health.
4. *Over-washing or Under-washing Hair:* Washing
your hair too frequently or not often enough can disrupt the
natural balance of oils and lead to scalp and hair problems.
5 *Sharing Personal Care Items:* Sharing items like
razors, makeup, or toothbrushes can spread infections and
FIVE MAJOR DISEASES RESULTING
FROM POOR PERSONAL HYGIENE
1. *Gastrointestinal Infections:* Poor hand hygiene and
contaminated food can lead to diseases like
gastroenteritis, food poisoning, and infections caused by
pathogens like Salmonella, E. coli, and norovirus.
2. *Respiratory Infections:* Inadequate handwashing
and hygiene practices can contribute to the spread of
respiratory infections such as the common cold, flu, and
even more serious diseases like tuberculosis.
3. *Skin Infections:* Poor hygiene can lead to skin
infections like impetigo, cellulitis, and fungal infections.
These conditions can cause discomfort, itching, and in
severe cases, may require medical treatment.
4. *Oral Health Issues:* Neglecting oral hygiene can
lead to dental caries (cavities), gum diseases like
gingivitis and periodontitis, as well as bad breath
(halitosis).
5. *Urinary Tract Infections (UTIs):* Poor genital
hygiene can increase the risk of urinary tract infections,
especially in women. UTIs can cause pain, discomfort,
and may require medical treatment.
WAYS OF CREATING A
PERSONAL HYGIENE
ROUTINE
Creating a personal hygiene routine involves developing
consistent habits that suit your lifestyle and needs. Here's a
detailed guide to help you create an effective personal
hygiene routine:
1. *Assess Your Current Habits:* Take note of your existing
hygiene habits and routines. Identify areas that need
improvement or additional attention.
2. *Determine Your Goals:* Consider your goals, such as
maintaining cleanliness, preventing infections, or improving
specific aspects of your appearance.
3. *List Essential Hygiene Activities:* Make a list of key
hygiene activities you need to include in your routine, such as
bathing, oral care, skincare, haircare, and more.
4. *Set Frequency:* Determine how often each activity needs
to be performed. Some tasks, like brushing teeth, should be
done daily, while others, like hair washing, may be less
frequent.
5. *Allocate Time:* Estimate the time required for each
activity. This will help you plan your routine and allocate
time in your schedule.
