Welcome
Travel and Tourism
Semester 4
3 Credits
MITHILA AJAYANATH
REGIONAL
TOURISM IN
India
Course Outcome
Point 1 Point 2
Enable the students to How Tourism is promoted
identify the importance of regionally
the background elements of
tourism resources of India
Goals
1.Information on the regional
tourism of India of national and
international importance.
2.The historical evolution and
background elements of the
regional tourism will be
discussed.
3.The student will be competent
in identifying tourism activities
related to natural resources,
cities, monuments, pilgrim
destinations, fairs and festivals,
art, architecture and craft.
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COURSE
CONTENT
Unit 1: Concepts and Significance of
Tourism
Unit 2: Historical Background of Tourism
Unit 3: Tourism Systems, Types and Scope
Unit 4: Tourism Organizations and
Associations
Unit 5: Geo-Physical Resources of India
Unit 6: Historical & Cultural Resources of
India
What is it?
Tourism the activities of
people traveling and
staying in places outside
their usual environment
for leisure, business, or
health purposes, for not
more than one
consecutive year.
Terminologies
Tourist Leisure Recreation
A person who travels to Free time travelers use for Specific activities
and stays in places relaxation, exploration, tourists participate in
outside their usual and enjoyment away from during their leisure
environment for not their daily routines, often time, such as
more than one involving activities like swimming, hiking,
consecutive year for sightseeing, cultural attending festivals, or
leisure, business, or experiences, or nature- visiting amusement
other purposes based adventures. parks, all aimed at
refreshment, fun, and
personal fulfillment.
Tourism Types
International tourism is where
tourists visit other countries.
Regional tourism refers to Domestic tourism is where
tourism within a defined tourists visit different places
geographic area, typically a in their home country.
group of countries or a specific
region within a country
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TOURISM OVERVIEW
Tourism or travel for leisure became popular during
the period of recovery following World War II.
Tourism, a multidimensional and multifaceted activity
with diverse social, cultural, economic and ecological
impacts, evolved as one of the largest and most
significant economic sectors in the world.
Tourism is a global phenomenon and an essential
sector of the world economy. It has a profound impact
on a country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP),
employment generation, and foreign exchange
earnings.
Tourism also promotes the preservation of cultural
heritage and traditions. Historic monuments, festivals,
dances, and crafts often receive renewed interest and
PERSPECTIVES OF TOURISM
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Charles R. Goeldner and J. R. Brent Ritchie, authors of Tourism: Principles, Practices,
Philosophies,
The tourist: Tourist seeks various psychic and physical experiences and satisfactions. The
nature of these will largely determine the destination chosen and the activities enjoyed.
The businesses providing tourist goods and services: Business people see tourism
as an opportunity to make profit by supplying goods and services that the tourist market
demands.
The government: The authorities view tourism as wealth factor in the economy of their
jurisdictions. The government also considers foreign exchange receipts from international
tourism as well as from tax receipts. It takes responsibility in policy making, planning,
destination development, identification of new destinations, marketing and promotion, etc.
The host community: Local people usually see tourism as a cultural and employment
ELEMENTS OF TOURISM
Attractions
Accesibility
Accomodation
Ameneties
Activities
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Tourism Growth
Tourism has grown massively since the 1950s. This
is due to:
• People having more disposable income
• Greater workers rights and paid holidays
• Social media advertisement
• Improved technology for faster, cheaper travel
• Internet advances makes booking a holiday
easier
What Tourism is???
(Structural and
Nature of Tourism conceptual)
1. Multidisciplinary (involves
multiple academic fields)
2. Seasonal (depends on
time/weather)
3. Dynamic (constantly evolving)
4. Human and environment-
dependent
5. Socio-economic in impact
C h a r a c t e r i st i c s of
Tourism
1. Intangibility (you can’t touch or see the service before
consumption)
2. Perishability (services can’t be stored – e.g., an unsold
hotel room)
3. Inseparability (production and consumption happen
together)
4. Heterogeneity (services vary each time due to human
involvement)
5. Seasonality (Hill stations like Shimla or beach
destinations like Goa receive more tourists during
summer or vacation periods.)
6. Service Orientation (A warm welcome and courteous
staff in a hotel )
Classification of Tourists
By Geographical
By Purpose of By Duration of
Movement:
Travel: Stay:
•Domestic tourists
•Leisure tourists •Excursionists
•Inbound
•Business tourists (same-day visitors)
•Regular tourists (foreigners visiting
•Pilgrims the country)
•Health/Medical (overnight stay up
•Outbound
tourists to one year)
(residents traveling
abroad
Tourism Network
Traveler The individual seeking tourism experiences
Airlines, Hotels, Restaurants, Tour operators
• Money can be invested in • Hotels could be owned by
Direct Providers Attractions
local infrastructure. foreign firms, so less
• Local jobs are created. money goes into the local
Entities that assist direct providers, including:
• There are lots
Support of linked Travel agencies, Marketingeconomy.
Services firms, IT support
industries which benefit • Jobs are low skilled, low
financially through paid and andoften seasonal.
Development Institutions involved in tourism planning development
Government agencies, Financial institutions, Urban planners
tourism. • Tourism can be unreliable.
Organisation Educational bodies
Example: Kerala Tourism Network
• Direct Providers: Houseboats, Homestays
• Support Services: Kerala Tourism
Marketing, ITDC
• Developmental Bodies: Kerala Tourism
Department, NABARD (funding for
infrastructure)
• Result: A globally recognized eco-tourism
destination
Interdisciplinary Approac
h es to
Tourism
Tourism is a multifaceted field requiring various academic lenses:
•Anthropology – Understands cultures, traditions, and promotes cultural tourism
•Psychology – Analyzes tourist behavior and motivations to guide marketing strategies
•Political Science – Involves cross-border regulations, visa/passport policies, and
tourism governance
•Sociology – Explores social dynamics between hosts and tourists
•Geography – Examines tourist flows, spatial distribution, and destination development
•Economics – Evaluates tourism's impact on GDP, employment, and economic policy
•Law – Governs the legal framework under which tourism functions
•Transportation Studies – Focuses on the infrastructure and logistics vital to tourism
movement
Major Motivations to Trav
el
•Relaxation and escape from routine
•Cultural exploration and learning
•Spiritual or religious reasons
•Business or professional
engagements
•Visiting friends and relatives (VFR)
•Adventure and thrill-seeking
•Personal growth and self-discover
Major Deterrents to Trave
l
•Financial constraints
•Health concerns or pandemics
•Safety and security issues
•Political instability or visa restrictions
•Poor infrastructure or connectivity
•Time limitations and work obligations
•Language or cultural barriers
Tourism
Thanks for
listening!
