Introduction to
Information and
Communication
Technology
Information
Security
Input and
Output
Devices
Input and Output Devices
Lecture contents covered in last part
Computer Hardware
Computer Devices
Input Devices
Processing Devices
Output Devices
Types of Input Devices
Text Input Devices
Pointing Input Devices
Input and Output Devices
Lecture contents that will be covered in this part
Types of Input Devices
Recognition Devices
Optical Input Devices
Audio Input Devices
Video Input Devices
Types of Output Devices
Softcopy Output Devices
Recognition Devices (Optical)
Mark and Character Recognition devices
are used to scan information printed on
paper. These devices read the information
and convert into digital signal. The signals
are input to the computer for further
processing.
Barcode Reader: A barcode reader, also
called a price scanner or point-of-sale
(POS) scanner, is a hand-held or stationary
input device used to capture and read
information contained in a bar code
Types of bar codes Bar codes may be 1-
D, 2-D, or 3-D.
QR code: which is a type of matrix
barcode designed to be read (scanned) by
smartphones; in other words, it is a
mobile barcode
Recognition Devices (Optical)
Radio-frequency Identification (RFID) Tags are based on an
identifying tag bearing a microchip that contains specific code numbers.
These code numbers are read by the radio waves of a scanner linked to a
database.
Applications:
RFID tags of both types are used for a wide range of purposes and are starting to
replace bar codes in many situations.
• Drivers with RFID tags breeze through tollbooths without having to even roll
down their windows; the toll is automatically charged to their accounts.
• Radio-wave-readable ID tags are used by the Postal Service to monitor the flow
of mail, in the railroad industry to keep track of rail cars, and by Walmart and
other stores for inventory control and warehousing.
• Visa and MasterCard “no-swipe” or “wave-and-pay” credit cards have been
developed with embedded RFID technology that means cards don’t have to be
swiped across a magnetic-stripe reader but can just be waved near a scanner,
which could help speed up lines in stores.
Recognition Devices (Optical)
Mark and Character Recognition devices are
used to scan information printed on paper. These
devices read the information and convert into
digital signal. The signals are input to the
computer for further processing.
Barcode Reader: A barcode reader, also called
a price scanner or point-of-sale (POS) scanner,
is a hand-held or stationary input device used
to capture and read information contained in a
bar code
OCR: Optical character recognition or optical
character reader (OCR) is the mechanical or
electronic conversion of images of typed,
handwritten or printed text into machine-
encoded text.
Optical Input Devices
MICR : Magnetic Ink Character Recognition
(MICR) is the information that appears at the
bottom of a check. This includes the bank's
routing number, the customer's account number,
and the check number. The magnetic ink
character recognition line is printed using
technology that allows certain computers to read
and process the printed information.
OMR: Optical Mark Recognition (also called
Optical Mark Reading) is the process of capturing
human-marked data from document forms such as
surveys and tests. They are used to read
questionnaires, multiple choice examination
paper in the form of lines or shaded areas.
Audio Input Devices
Audio or sound input device allows user to send audio signals to a computer
to process, record or carry out commands
.
Microphone – to receive the sound signal
An instrument for converting sound waves into electrical energy variations
which may then be amplified, transmitted, or recorded.
Audio Input Devices
Speech Recognition
Speech recognition is a technology that
allows spoken input into systems. You talk to
your computer, phone, or device and it uses
what you said as input to trigger some
action. The technology is being used to
replace other methods of input like typing,
clicking, or selecting in other ways.
Video Input Devices
Digital Camera
A camera which produces digital images
that can be stored in a computer and
displayed on screen.
Video Camera
A camera for recording images on
videotape or for transmitting them to a
monitor screen.
Output Devices
Output Devices are used to receive information (the processed data) from the computer and
show it to the user. There may be three types of output devices.
Soft Copy Output Device: Refers to data that is not printed, such as that shown on a display
screen.
- Example: Monitor
HARD Copy Output Device: Refers to a printed output.
- Example: Printer
Audio Output devices
- Example: Speakers
Soft Copy Output Device
Monitor
A display Screen that provides visual output.
Types Of Monitors
1. Monochrome: Its a computer display system
that only displays one or two colors with several
shades.
2. Flat-panel display: Its a thin screen display
found on all portable computers and is the new
standard for desktop computers. Unlike CRT
(Cathode Ray Tube) monitors – having electron
gun to throw electrons to form an image, flat-
panel displays use liquid-crystal display (LCD)
or light-emitting diode (LED) technology to
make them much lighter and thinner compared
to a traditional CRT monitor.
Soft Copy Output Device
• Screen Resolution: The number of pixels used on a
display screen determines the screen resolution.
• Pixels: The least sized dot on a screen.
• It affects the amount of information that can be
displayed on the screen at one time. When a higher
resolution is selected, such as 1,600 pixels
horizontally by 900 pixels vertically for a widescreen
computer monitor (written as 1,600 × 900 and read
as 1600 by 900), more information can fit on the
screen, but everything will be displayed smaller than
with a lower resolution, such as 1,280 × 768.
Soft Copy Output Device
2D vs. 3D Displays
While conventional displays are two-dimensional (2D) devices, recent improvements
in flat-panel display technology and graphics processing have led to several emerging
three-dimensional (3D) output devices, including 3D display screens for computers.
Traditional 3D displays (and most 3D televisions today) require special 3D glasses, the
newest 3D computer display products use filters, prisms, multiple lenses, and other
technologies built into the display screen to create the 3D effect and, as a result, do not
require 3D glasses. Some 3D displays resemble conventional monitors; others are
shaped differently, such as the dome shaped Perspecta 3D display that is used
primarily for medical imaging.
