HTML 5
AI-enhanced description
HTML5 is a language for structuring and presenting content for the World Wide Web, and is a core technology of the Internet originally proposed by Opera Software . It is the fifth revision of the HTML standard (created in 1990 and standardized as HTML4 as of 1997) and as of March 2012 is still under development. Its core aims have been to improve the language with support for the latest multimedia while keeping it easily readable by humans and consistently understood by computers and devices (web browsers, parsers, etc.). HTML5 is intended to subsume not only HTML 4, but XHTML 1 and DOM Level 2 HTML as well. Following its immediate predecessors HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.1, HTML5 is a response to the observation that the HTML and XHTML in common use on the World Wide Web are a mixture of features introduced by various specifications, along with those introduced by software products such as web browsers, those established by common practice, and the many syntax errors in existing web documents
Why HTML 5
An attempt to define a single markup language that can be written in either HTML or XHTML syntax. It includes detailed processing models to encourage more interoperable implementations
it extends, improves and rationalises the markup available for documents, and introduces markup and applicationprogramming interfaces (APIs) for complex web applications.
HTML5 is also a potential candidate for cross-platform mobile applications. Many features of HTML5 have been built with the consideration of being able to run on low-powered devices such as smartphones and tablets.
New Features
<video>, <audio> and <canvas> elements integration of Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) content that replaces the uses of generic <object> tags.
designed to make it easy to include and handle multimedia and graphical content on the web without havingto resort to proprietary plugins and APIs.
<section>, <article>, <header> and <nav>, are designed to enrich the semantic content of documents New attributes have been introduced for the same purpose, while some elements and attributes have been removed.
Some elements, such as <a>, <cite> and <menu> have been changed, redefined or standardized The APIs and document object model (DOM) are no longer afterthoughts, but are fundamental parts of the HTML5 specification
HistoryThe Web Hypertext Application Technology Working Group (WHATWG) began work on the new standard in 2004, when the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) was focusing future developments on XHTML 2.0, and HTML 4.01 had not been updated since 2000. In 2009, the W3C allowed the XHTML 2.0 Working Group's charter to expire and decided not to renew it. W3C and WHATWG are currently working together on the development of HTML5. Even though HTML5 has been well known among web developers for years, it became the topic of mainstream media in April 2010 after Apple Inc's then-CEO Steve Jobs issued a public letter titled "Thoughts on Flash" where he concludes that Adobe "Flash is no longer necessary to watch video or consume any kind of web content" and that "new open standards created in the mobile era, such as HTML5, will win".This sparked a debate in web development circles where some suggested that while HTML5 provides enhanced functionality, developers must consider the varying browser support of the different parts of the standard as well as other functionality differences between HTML5 and Flash.In early November 2011 Adobe announced that it will discontinue development of Flash for mobile devices and reorient its efforts in developing tools utilizing HTML 5.
Objectives
New features should be based on HTML, CSS, DOM, and JavaScript Reduce the need for external plugins (like Flash)
The internet has changed a lot since HTML 4.01 became a standard in 1999.
Today, some elements in HTML 4.01 are obsolete, never used, or not used the way they were intended to. These elements are removed or re-written in HTML5.
To better handle today's internet use, HTML5 includes new elements for better structure, better form handling, drawing, and for media content.
Tag <article> <aside> <bdi> <command> <details> <summary> <figure> <figcaption> <footer> <header> <hgroup> <mark> <meter> <nav> <progress>
Description Defines an article Defines content aside from the page content Isolates a part of text that might be formatted in a different direction from other text outside it Defines a command button that a user can invoke Defines additional details that the user can view or hide Defines a visible heading for a <details> element Specifies self-contained content, like illustrations, diagrams, photos, code listings, etc. Defines a caption for a <figure> element Defines a footer for a document or section Defines a header for a document or section Groups a set of <h1> to <h6> elements when a heading has multiple levels Defines marked/highlighted text Defines a scalar measurement within a known range (a gauge) Defines navigation links Represents the progress of a task
<ruby><rt> <rp> <section> <time> <wbr>
Tag
Description
<audio>
<video>
<source>
<embed>
<track>
Other elements
Description Specifies a list of pre-defined options for input controls Defines a key-pair generator field (for forms) Defines the result of a calculation
<canvas> Used to draw graphics, on the fly, via scripting (usually JavaScript)
Removed elementsThe following HTML 4.01 elements are removed from HTML5:
<acronym> <applet> <basefont> <big> <center> <dir> <font> <frame> <frameset> <noframes> <strike> <tt> <u>