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Linux Ubuntu Basic Command Guide

The document provides basic Linux commands for Ubuntu, including how to create directories, hidden files, and navigate the file system. It explains commands for copying, cutting, renaming, and removing files and directories, including options for confirming deletions and handling non-empty directories. Additionally, it covers the 'man' command for accessing user manuals and the 'head' command for displaying the beginning lines of a file.

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Marium naeem
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8 views18 pages

Linux Ubuntu Basic Command Guide

The document provides basic Linux commands for Ubuntu, including how to create directories, hidden files, and navigate the file system. It explains commands for copying, cutting, renaming, and removing files and directories, including options for confirming deletions and handling non-empty directories. Additionally, it covers the 'man' command for accessing user manuals and the 'head' command for displaying the beginning lines of a file.

Uploaded by

Marium naeem
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Basic commands

Linux : Ubuntu
How to make directory
Syntax :
• mkdir dirctoryname
How to create hidden files
• By using . Before the file or directory.

• ls –a command is used to show hidden files/directories.


ls -l
• Long list
ls -al
• ‘a’ denote hidden , ‘l’ denote long list.
Create directory into
directory
Change directory
• cd .. (to shift one level above the current directory)
• cd ~ ( to go to the previous directory) /(`~` this
argument is used in `cd` command to change the
directory to the home directory from any location in Linux
System.)
• cd / ( to go to the root directory ,as we input / argument)
• cd ( we do not provide any arguments to the cd command
to go to the home directory)
Copy command
Cut and paste command
Rename
Remove
• To remove (or delete )a file in linux from the command line, you
can use rm ,shred, or unlink commands.
• The unlink command allows you to remove only a single file,
while with rm and shred, you can remove multiple files at once.
•
Remove file
• rm file name (to remove a file)
• rm file1 file2 file3 (remove multiple files)
• rm * filename of specific format (rm * .pdf)
• Use the rm with the -i option to confirm each file before
deleting it:
• rm -i filename(s)
rm command
By default, when used without any option, rm
cannot remove directories.

To remove an empty directory, with rm, invoke the


command with the -d option:
Remove directory
To remove non-empty directories and all the files within
them, use the rm command with the-r (recursive) option:
• rm -r dirname
Remove
To remove non-empty directories and all the files
without being prompted, use rm with the -r
(recursive) and -f options:
Link
• https
://linuxize.com/post/how-to-remove-files-and-directories-us
ing-linux-command-line
/
• https://www.geeksforgeeks.org/man-command-in-linux-wit
h-examples/
man command
man command in Linux is used to display the user manual of
any command that we can run on the terminal.
• man command name
Head Command

• The 'head' command displays the starting content of a file.


By default, it displays starting 10 lines of any file.
Syntax: head <file name>
To print specific lines use “-n”
for Example : head –n 2 filename

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