EE6253 Operating Systems and Network
Programming
EE6253 Operating Systems and Network
Programming
FUNDAMENTALS OF NETWORK PROGRAMMING
Slides reference: Carleton University, Canada
Introduction
• Network Programming involves writing programs/processes that communicate with other
programs/processes across a computer network.
• A server is an application that provides a "service" to various clients who request the service.
• A Protocol is a standard pattern of exchanging information.
• High-level application layer protocols;
• Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP)
• File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
• Telnet.
Transport layer communication
• How the data is to be transported from one machine to another
• Transport Control Protocol (TCP) – connection oriented protocol
• User Datagram Protocol (UDP) – connectionless protocol
Client server communication
• A server - an application that provides a service and allows clients to communicate with it.
• A client - an application that requests a service from a server.
• Client-Server Architecture – one or more servers serve multiple
clients
• Server waits and listens to the client requests.
• Communication initiate when the client connects to the server.
• At the end of the process, both client and server
terminates their connections.
Network Programming - Project
• Design and Develop a network programming application enabling communication
and data exchange over networks in real time. A few example applications are,
• Chat Applications (messaging apps, group chats, etc..)
• Applications for sending, receiving, and managing emails.
• File Transfer Protocols
• Network Monitoring Tools (Applications that monitor network performance,
detect issues, etc)
• Networked Games (Multiplayer online games..)
• Image sharing app
• Banking application
• Document sharing
EE6253 Operating System and Network
Programming
INTRODUCTION TO SOCKET PROGRAMMING
Socket
• A port is used as a gateway or "entry point" into an application.
(netstat -a -b –n - to see the all open port, need admin priviledges)
• A socket is one endpoint of a two-way communication link between 2 programs running
on the network. A socket is bound to a port number so that the TCP layer can identify
the application to which the data is to be sent.
• Two types of sockets;
• TCP socket (stream)
• UDP socket (Datagram)
• Socket Number : Combination of an IP address and a Port Number
• A socket is bound to a Port through a Port Number
• Port numbers range : 0 to 65535
• Known port numbers :
Server Socket
• Creates a ServerSocket on a given PORT number which could listen to incoming
client requests
• When creates a ServerSocket – specify the port number
• A socket should be created to communicate with the client
• After the process, the server socket should be terminated
• E.g.:
• Print Writer is used to send information through the socket
Typical Server Program
Create ServerSocket object
Server waits for a client to connect
Set up input and output streams,
send and receive data
Close the connection
Client Socket
• Client needs to know the address of the server and the port number
• InetAddress object– store the server’s address
• A socket is created with the IP address and the Port number of the Server
• Input Stream is extracted using a Buffered Reader
Establish a connection to the server
Set up input and output streams,
send and receive data
Close the connection
