beekaylon Synthetics Pvt.
Ltd.
Chemical Handling
Safety
Objectives
• Identify hazards that exist in the
workplace
• Identify potential health effects of
workplace hazards
• Route of entry of chemical in to
body
• Principles of Hazards Prevention &
controls
• Employers responsibility
• Strategies to create safer
workplace
Introduction
▶ Chemical exposure may cause or
contribute to many serious health effects
such as heart ailments, central nervous
system damage, kidney and lung damage,
sterility, cancer, burns, and rashes
▶ Some chemicals may also be safety
hazards and have the potential to cause
fires and explosions and other serious
accidents
Route of exposure
Health Effect depend on
▶Duration of exposure
▶Frequency of exposure
▶Route of exposure
▶Personal health
▶Type of chemical
Types Of Health Effect
• Neurologic – Affect the brain, spinal cord,
nerves
• Respiratory – Affect lung function
• Cardiovascular – Affect movements of
nutrients & waste : Body temp.
• Immunologic – Affects body ability to fight
infection
• Mutagenic – cause changes in genetic code
• Carcinogenic – Affect rate of cell division
Types of Chemicals
1) Sensitizer:
• Uses: Disinfectants, biocides
• Examples: formaldeyde, phenol
2) Teratogen:
• Uses: Electrical equipment, insulation; conductors
• Examples: PCBs, mercury
3) Irritant
– Powdered substances
• Uses: Filler, casting
• Examples: silica
4) Toxic
5) Carcinogen
• Uses: Solvent, cleaning fluid, degreaser, disinfectant
• Examples: benzene, carbon tetrachloride, formaldehyde*
6) Mutagen:
• Uses: Disinfectant, solvent
• Examples: bromine, benzene; phenol
7) Poison:
• Uses: Chemical preservative, pigment
• Examples: sodium azide, powdered pigments/inks
Types of chemicals
– Organic peroxides
• Uses: Bleaching agents, disinfectants, chemical synthesis reactions
• Examples: benzoyl peroxide, methyl ethyl ketone peroxide; hydrogen peroxide
– Water reactive
• Uses: Additives, neutralizers, chemical synthesis reactions
• Examples: sodium metal, sodium borohydride, sodium hydroxide
– Air reactive
• Uses: Adhesives, coating agents, chemical synthesis reactions
• Examples: silane, t-butyl lithium
8) Flammable
▶ Uses: solvents, adhesives, fuel
▶ Examples: Methanol, acetonitrile, diesel fuel, mineral spirits
9) Corrosive
▶ Uses: cleaning agents, degreasers, chemical reactants
▶ Examples: Acetic acid, sodium hydroxide, ammonia; phenol
10 ) Reactive
▶ Oxidizers
• Uses: disinfectants, cleaning agents; chlorine
• Examples: nitric acid, hydrogen peroxide
Types of chemicals
How can workplace hazards be minimized?
▶ The first step in minimizing workplace hazards is to perform a
thorough hazard assessment
▶ Employers can rely on the evaluations performed by the
manufacturers or importers to establish the hazards of the
chemicals they use
▶ This information is obtained from SDSs and labels
▶ General Duty Clause
▶ Provide a workplace free of recognized hazards
▶ Employer has a legal obligation to provide workplace without
conditions or activities that are recognized as hazardous and
that cause, or are likely to cause, death or serious physical harm
to employees
Employer Responsibilities
▶ Provide a workplace free of recognized
hazards
▶ Identify and list hazardous chemicals in their
workplaces
▶ Implement a written HazCom program
▶ Communicate hazard information to
employees
▶ Provide training
What training is needed to protect
workers?
▶ Explanation of the HazCom program, including
information on labels, SDSs, and how to obtain
and use available hazard information
▶ How to detect the presence or release of a
hazardous chemical (using monitoring devices,
observation, or smell)
▶ Hazards and potential health effects of chemicals
▶ Protective measures such as engineering controls,
work practices, and the use of PPE
What information must be provided
to workers?
▶ Employees must be informed of:
▶ The HazCom standard and its requirements
▶ Operations in their work areas where hazardous chemicals
are present
▶ Location and availability of the written hazard evaluation
procedures, communications program, lists of hazardous
chemicals, and the required SDSs
Recordkeeping
▶ Employers are responsible for
▶ Keeping records of work-related injuries and illnesses
▶ Providing employees, former employees, and designated
representatives with access to work-related injuries and
illnesses log (OSHA 300 Log)
▶ Providing employees, former employees, and their
designated representatives with access to their medical
records and exposure records
Container Labeling in the Workplace
Primary vs. Secondary Container
Labeling
▶ Primary containers must be labeled following GHS guidelines
▶ Bags, barrels, bottles, boxes, cans, cylinders, drums
▶ Received from manufacturer
▶ Secondary containers hold chemicals transferred from
primary containers
▶ Spray bottles, jugs, jars
▶ Must comply with GHS except when:
▶ Container stays within the work area and in possession of the
worker who filled it
▶ Material is used within the work shift of the individual who filled it
Material Safety Data Sheets
1. Identification (product, manufacturer, contact)
2. Hazard Identification
3. Ingredients
4. First Aid Measures
5. Fire Fighting Measures
6. Accidental Release Measures
7. Handling and Storage
8. Exposure Controls/Personal Protection
9. Physical and Chemical Properties
10. Stability and Reactivity
11. Toxicological Information
12. Ecological Information (non-mandatory)
13. Disposal Considerations (non-mandatory)
14. Transport Information (non-mandatory)
15. Regulatory Information (non-mandatory)
16. Other Information
Summary
▶ OSHA’s Hazard Communication Standard is based
on a simple concept - that employees have both a
need and a right to know the hazards and
identities of the chemicals they are exposed to
when working
▶ Employees also need to know what protective
measures are available to prevent adverse effects
from occurring.
▶ Reporting injury or incident is protected by law
▶ Disciplinary action against employee for reporting
an injury or incident is in violation of OSH Act
Thank You
- Mr. Avinash D.
Pawar Dept. of EHS
