Basic Concept of
Disaster and
Disaster Risk
ANSWER IN ¼ PAPER
1. RTAIESSD
A sudden calamitous event, bringing great damage, loss,
destruction, and devastation.
2. GRNI FO IEFR
A path along the Pacific Ocean characterized by active
volcanoes and frequent earthquakes.
3. TALAYMIC
An event causing great and often sudden damage or
distress.
4. AQRHTEKEAU
Shaking of earth caused by waves moving on and below
the earth's surface.
5. ICNLOVAC IPREOUTN
When lava and gas are discharged from a volcanic vent.
6. CFCPIAI NEAOC
Largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.
7. OOYNHPT
Type of tropical cyclone, or severe tropical storm.
8. LTARUNA RTAIESDS
A natural event such as a flood, earthquake, or hurricane
that causes great damage or loss of life.
9. ETUTODSRCIN
A sudden or great misfortune or failure.
10. NMA EDMA RESTSAID
Caused by man are those in which major direct causes
are identifiable intentional or non-intentional human
actions.
DISASTER is a SERIOUS disruption of
the functioning of a community or a
society involving widespread HUMAN,
MATERIAL, ECONOMIC OR
ENVIRONMENTAL LOSSES AND
IMPACTS, which exceeds the ability of
the affected community or society to
cope using its own resources.
Classification of Disasters:
Disasters can be divided into 2 large categories:
A. Natural Disasters – a natural phenomenon is caused by natural forces, such as earthquakes,
typhoon, volcanic eruptions, hurricanes, fires, tornados, and extreme temperatures. They can be
classified as rapid onset disasters and those with progressive onset, such as droughts that lead to
famine. These events, usually sudden, can have tremendous effects.
B. Man-made - Disasters caused by man are those in which major direct causes are identifiable
intentional or non-intentional human actions.
Subdivided into three categories:
1. Technological/industrial disasters - Unregulated industrialization and inadequate safety
standards increase the risk for industrial disasters. (EXAMPLE: leaks of hazardous materials;
accidental explosions; bridge or road collapses, or vehicle collisions; Power cuts )
2. Terrorism/Violence - the threat of terrorism has also increased due to the spread of
technologies involving nuclear, biological, and chemical agents used to develop weapons of mass
destruction.
(EXAMPLE : bombs or explosions; release of chemical materials; release of biological agents;
release of radioactive agents; multiple or massive shootings; mutinies )
3. Complex humanitarian emergencies - the term complex emergency is usually used to
describe the humanitarian emergency resulting from an international or civil war. In such
situations, large numbers of people are displaced from their homes due to the lack of personal
safety and the disruption of basic infrastructure including food distribution, water, electricity, and
sanitation, or communities are left stranded and isolated in their own homes unable to access
assistance. (EXAMPLE: conflicts or wars and Genocide the deliberate killing of a large group of
people, especially those of a particular ethnic group or nation)
ANSWER IN ¼ PAPER. Write 11. WAR CONFLICTS
whether NATURAL OR MAN-MADE 12. CHEMICAL LEAKAGES
DISASTER
13. VEHICULAR
1.DROUGHT
ACCIDENT
2.EARTHQUAKE
3.OIL SPILL
14. THUNDERSTORMS
4.HURRICANE 15. TUBERCULOSIS
5.INDUSTRIAL EXPOLSION 16. FLOODS IN RIVERS
6.TSUNAMI AND COASTAL AREAS
7.NUCLEAR POWER PLANT 17. AVALANCHE
EXPLOSION 18. BOMB EXPLOSION
8.VOLCANIC ERUPTION 19. HOUSE FIRE DUE TO
9.DEFORESTATION-INDUCED ELECTRICAL FAULTS
LANDSLIDE 20. RAINFALL-INDUCED
10.FLOOD DUE TO DAM
Disasters are often a result of the combination of:
the exposure to a hazard;
the conditions of vulnerability that are present; and
insufficient capacity or measures to reduce or cope with the potential
negative consequences.
Its impacts may include :
loss of life
injury
disease and
other negative effects on human physical, mental, and social
wellbeing,
together with damage to properties
destruction of assets
loss of services
social and economic disruptions, and
environmental degradation.
RISK is defined as “the combination of the probability of an event and its
negative consequences” (UNISDR, 2009).
-multidisciplinary and is used in a variety of contexts. It is usually associated
with the degree to which humans cannot cope (lack of capacity) with a situation
(e.g. natural hazard).
The term DISASTER RISK refers to the potential (not actual and realized)
disaster losses, in lives, health status, livelihoods, assets, and services which
could occur in a community or society over some specified future time period.
Disaster risk is the product of the possible damage caused by a hazard due to
the vulnerability within a community. It should be noted that the effect of a
hazard (of a particular magnitude) would affect communities differently (Von
Kotze, 1999:35).
It can also be determined by the presence of three variables:
hazards (natural or anthropogenic);
vulnerability to a hazard; and
coping capacity linked to the reduction, mitigation, and resilience to the
vulnerability of a community.
ASSIGNMENT: ANSWER IN 1 WHOLE SHEET
Am I Ready?
Do you think you are relatively well prepared when a
disaster might affect your community either natural
or man-made as well as to its effects?
List down five (5) important things that you need to
prepare in order to lessen the possible danger that
you and your family might encounter when a disaster
strike. Explain your answers briefly and write it on
your answer sheet.
