UNDERSTANDING
CULTURE, SOCIETY
AND POLITICS
WEEK 1, QUARTER 3
Subject Teacher: Jhonaliza T.
Gerundio
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
Directions: Categorize the word that represent
anthropology, sociology and political science.
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Government
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Government
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Alienation
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Alienation
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
arts
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
arts
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Evolution
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
arts
Evolution
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
justice
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Government
justice
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
language
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
arts
Evolution
language
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
church
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Alienation
church
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
president
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Government
justice
president
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
chimpanzee
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
arts
Evolution
language
chimpanzee
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
socialization
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Alienation
church
socialization
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Apartheid
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Alienation
church
socialization
Apartheid
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
democracy
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Government
justice
president
democracy
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
status
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Alienation
church
socialization
Apartheid
status
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
culture
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
arts
Evolution
language
chimpanzee
culture
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
law
What I Know (Challenge your prior knowledge)
ANTHROPOLOG POLITICAL
SOCIOLOGY
Y SCIENCE
Government
justice
president
democracy
law
ANTHROPOLOGY SOCIOLOGY POLITICAL SCIENCE
EVOLUTION APARTHEID GOVERNMENT
LANGUAGE STATUS LAW
CULTURE SOCIALIZATION JUSTICE
CHIMPANZEE ALIENATION DEMOCRACY
ARTS CHURCH PRESIDENT
UNDERSTANDING
CULTURE, SOCIETY
AND POLITICS
LESSON
OBJECTIVES:
1. Identify the nature, goals, and perspectives in
anthropology, sociology and political science.
2. Explain the nature, goals, and perspectives of
anthropology, sociology and political science.
3. Appreciate the importance of the goals of
anthropology, sociology and political
science.
Quarter 3 - Week 1
The Nature, Goals and
Perspective in/of Anthropology,
Sociology and Political Science
• A culture is a way of life of a
group of people--the behaviors,
beliefs, values, and symbols that
they accept, generally without
Culture thinking about them, and that
are passed along by
communication and imitation
from one generation to the next.
• A society is a grouping of
individuals, which is
characterized by common
Society interest and may have
distinctive culture and
institutions.
• the activities associated
with the governance of a
country or other area,
Politics especially the debate or
conflict among individuals
or parties having or hoping
to achieve power.
Anthropology
Anthropology as a
Discipline
ANTHROPOLOGY
• The study, analysis, and description of
humanity’s past and present.
• Questions about the past include
prehistoric origins and human
evolution.
• The study of contemporary humanity
focuses on biological and cultural
diversity, including language.
• Franz Boas
– considered as
the father of
modern
American
anthropology.
Nature of
Anthropology
• The nature of anthropology can be
view from its historical perspective
because is a global discipline
involving humanities, social sciences
and natural sciences.
• Its foundations return to the scholarly
Enlightenment of the eighteenth and
mid nineteenth hundreds of years in
Europe and North America.
Nature of
Anthropology
• By profession, they frequently were
naturalists, medical doctors, Christian
ministers, or educated adventurers.
They posed such essential inquiries as
regardless of whether the contrasts
between human societies are the
after effect of genetic inheritance and
in case there is a connection between
the size of a human brain and
Nature of
Anthropology
In North America, anthropology is
characterized as a discipline containing
four fields that emphasis on separated
yet interrelated subjects. The subjects
are archaeology, biological
anthropology (or actual human
sciences), linguistic anthropology
and cultural anthropology (or social
human studies)
Areas of Anthropology
• Biological anthropology refers to the
study of human origins (genetics, race,
evolutions, fossils, primates).
• Cultural anthropology is the study of living
people (religion, social system, language,
clothing, foods, beliefs, traditions, etc
• Linguistics is the study of language, its
evolution, its connection to other
languages, and others.
• Archeology refers to the study of dead
culture (religion, social system, language,
how they dress, foods, belief, traditions
and etc…
Goals of
Anthropology
1. to comprehend the fossil record of early
people and their precursors just as the
archeological record of later ancient social
orders.
2. to understand how we adapt to different
environmental conditions and how we vary
as a species.
3. to comprehend the conduct of monkeys
and gorillas in their regular settings.
Goals of
Anthropology
4. to find out about both the natural
and social parts of humankind all
throughout the planet and all through
time.
5. to apply anthropological information
to help forestall or take care of issues of
living people groups, including
destitution, substance addiction, and
HIV/AIDS.
Perspectives of Anthropology
HOLISM
Anthropologists are keen all in all of mankind,
in how different parts of life connect. One can't
completely see the value in being human by
contemplating a solitary part of our mind
boggling, narratives, dialects, bodies, or social
orders. By utilizing a comprehensive
methodology, anthropologists request how
various angles from human existence
impact each other.
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
• The possibility that we should try to comprehend
someone else's convictions and practices
according to the viewpoint of their way of life as
opposed to our own.
• Anthropologists don't pass judgment on different
societies dependent on their qualities nor do they see
alternate methods of getting things done as second
rate.
• All things being equal, anthropologists try to
comprehend individuals' convictions inside the
framework they have for clarifying things.
Perspectives of Anthropology
COMPARISON
In cultural anthropology, we compare
ideas, morals, practices, and systems
within or between cultures. We might
compare the roles of men and women in
different societies, or contrast how
different religious groups conflict within a
given society.
FIELDWORK
In Cultural Anthropology, field work is alluded to
as ethnography, which is both the interaction
and after effect of social anthropological
examination.
It is an exploration technique for member
perception hands on work: you partake in
individuals' lives.
FIELDWORK
The Greek expression "ethno" alludes to
individuals, and "graphy" alludes to
composing. The ethnographic interaction
includes the exploration technique for member
perception hands on work: you partake in
individuals' lives.
Sociology
Sociology as a Discipline
• Sociology is the scientific investigation of
human culture and social behavior.
• It is a discipline in social sciences
concerned about human society and
human social activities.
• Auguste Comte, a French social scholar, is generally
known as the "Father of Sociology" as he
instituted the term 'Humanism' in 1839.
Nature of Sociology
As a discipline, sociology arose early in
the nineteenth century in response to
rapid social change. Major
transformations in the eighteenth and
nineteenth centuries, such as rapid
industrialization resulting in a large,
anonymous workforce.
Nature of Sociology
The French social thinker Auguste
Comte (1798– 1857) first coined
the term sociology to describe a
new way of thinking about
societies as systems governed by
principles of organization and
change.
Nature of Sociology
Most agree that Émile Durkheim
(1858–1917), the French humanist,
made the biggest commitment to the
development of social science as a
social scientific discipline.
Goals of Sociology
The ultimate goal of sociology is to acquire
knowledge about society like all the other
social sciences discipline, as Samuel Koenig
has pointed out the ultimate aim of sociology is ”
to improve man’s adjustment to life by
developing objective knowledge concerning
social phenomena which can be used to
deal effectively with social problems”.
Goals of Sociology
1. to understand how membership in one’s social
group affects individual behavior.
2. Understand how cultures and institutions
interact in different societies.
3. to understand the meaning and consequences
of modernity, post modernity and the new
globalization.
4. Understand the causes and consequences of
social change
in terms of general causes and effects as well as
unique historical circumstances.
Goals of Sociology
5. Understand the causes and
consequences of population composition
and pressures and how population affects
the environment and development of
societies.
6. To provide information that reflects
upon different policy initiatives.
Perspective of Sociology
The fundamental knowledge of
sociology is that human conduct is
molded by the gatherings to which
individuals have a place and by the
social communication that happens
inside those gatherings.
Political Science as a
Discipline
POLITICAL SCIENCE
• The study of political science was
started by the ancient Greeks.
• It is the systematic study of
government, politics, and political
power.
Nature of Political
Science
• Plato composed The Republic.
• Aristotle composed the Politics.
Aristotle is known as the
Father of Political Science.
He is well known for his
assertion "Man is a political
animal“.
Goals of Political
Science
1. is the concern with the process of growth,
industrialization and change and the impact
on government forms and policies.
2. is to describe how various political systems
function, and to find more effective political
systems.
3. is to measure the success of governance
and specific policies by examining many
factors, including stability, justice, and
material wealth.
Perspectives of Political
Science
1. is methodologically diverse and appropriates
many methods originating in psychology,
social research, and cognitive neuroscience.
2. Approaches include positivism,
interpretivism, rational choice theory,
behaviouralism, structuralism, post-
structuralism, realism, institutionalism, and
pluralism.
Perspectives of Political
Science
3. as one of the social sciences, uses methods
and techniques that relate to the kinds of
inquiries sought: primary sources, such as
historical documents and official records,
secondary sources, such as scholarly journal
articles, survey research, statistical analysis,
case studies, experimental research, and
model building.
What I Have Learned
1. Where does the
word anthropology
come from?
What I Have Learned
Greek Words
Anthropos means “man”
Logos means “study”
What I Have Learned
2. Who is the father
of modern American
Anthropology?
What I Have Learned
Franz Boas
What I Have Learned
3. What does
anthropology mean?
What I Have Learned
It is a study of man, his works, body,
behavior and values within a specific
time and place.
It is the study, analysis, and
description of humanity’s past and
present that includes prehistoric
origins and human evolution.
What I Have Learned
4. What are the four
areas of
anthropology?
Areas of Anthropology
• Biological anthropology refers to the
study of human origins (genetics, race,
evolutions, fossils, primates).
• Cultural anthropology is the study of living
people (religion, social system, language,
clothing, foods, beliefs, traditions, etc
• Linguistics is the study of language, its
evolution, its connection to other
languages, and others.
• Archeology refers to the study of dead
culture (religion, social system, language,
how they dress, foods, belief, traditions
and etc…
What I Have Learned
5. Explain the four
perspectives of
anthropology?
Perspectives of Anthropology
HOLISM
Anthropologists are keen all in all of mankind,
in how different parts of life connect.
By utilizing a comprehensive methodology,
anthropologists request how various angles
from human existence impact each other.
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
• The possibility that we should try to comprehend
someone else's convictions and practices
according to the viewpoint of their way of life as
opposed to our own.
• Anthropologists don't pass judgment on different
societies dependent on their qualities nor do they see
alternate methods of getting things done as second
rate.
• All things being equal, anthropologists try to
comprehend individuals' convictions inside the
framework they have for clarifying things.
Perspectives of Anthropology
COMPARISON
In cultural anthropology, we compare
ideas, morals, practices, and systems
within or between cultures. We might
compare the roles of men and women in
different societies, or contrast how
different religious groups conflict within a
given society.
FIELDWORK
In Cultural Anthropology, field work is alluded to
as ethnography, which is both the interaction
and after effect of social anthropological
examination.
It is an exploration technique for member
perception hands on work: you partake in
individuals' lives.
What I Have Learned
6. How did Auguste
Comte describe
sociology?
What I Have Learned
Sociology describes a new way of thinking
about societies as systems governed by
principles of organization and change.
It is the scientific investigation of human
culture and social behavior. It is a
discipline in social sciences concerned
about human society and human social
activities.
What I Have Learned
7. Who is known as
the "Father of
Sociology" ?
What I Have Learned
Auguste Comte
What I Have Learned
8. What is the main
goal of sociology?
What I Have Learned
The goal of sociology is to
acquire knowledge about
society like all the other social
sciences discipline
What I Have Learned
9. Who is the father
of political science?
What I Have Learned
Aristotle
POLITICAL SCIENCE
• The study of political science was started by the ancient
Greeks.
• It is the systematic study of government, politics, and
political power.
What I Have Learned
10. Who pointed out that the ultimate aim of
sociology is ” to improve man’s adjustment
to life by developing objective knowledge
concerning social phenomena which can be
used to deal effectively with social
problems”.?
What I Have Learned
Samuel Koenig
