DISCUSSION ESSAYS

•Better: side with one view

BODY 1 - The view that you disagree with
BODY 2 - The view that you agree with
•Advanced: you have ur own opinion
•neutral
BODY 1 - View 1 (Why do some pp think that way?)
BODY 2 - View 2 (Why do some pp think that way?)
BODY 3 - Your opinion
•TOPIC 1 - Some people claim that the government should provide
free healthcare. Others think that it is better to invest those funds in
education and culture.
Discuss both views and give your opinion.
 the government should provide free healthcare.

•Why do some pp think that way? (The benefits of providing universal

healthcare):
improve public health ⇒ act as precursor to sustainable economic growth
•What are some problems that this proposal may entail?
 lack of funding for other sectors [especially true for the developing world] ‘
•Topic sentence ⇒ Explanation ⇒ Counter-argue ⇒ Example/Explanation
•OPENING: Broad topic ⇒ Narrow topic ⇒ Paraphrase ⇒ Answer
•TOPIC: Government spending / Government funding
 Template
Mọi người vẫn còn tranh cãi về việc
•opinions remain divided over whether/what…
•people remain divided over whether/what ….
•much has been debated over whether/what ….
•Opinions differ as to whether/what...
 MB
C1: (HS chuyển ra tiếng anh)
People’s opinions differ as to / Opinions remain divided over/Much has been debated
over/People remain divided over whether quỹ nhà nước/ngân sách nhà nước nên
được đổ vào chăm sóc sức khỏe hay giáo dục và văn hóa. In this essay, I will first
examine both views before concluding that sức khỏe của mọi người nên được ưu tiên.

Hint:
• Quỹ nhà nước
Government budgets/ government coffers/ government subsidies/ government
funding/ state funding
• Đổ vào
Be invested in/ directed towards/ diverted to/ channeled to/ poured into
• Được ưu tiên
Take priority / take precedence
C1: People’s opinions differ as to / Opinions remain divided
over/Much has been debated over/People still remain divided over
whether state funding should be invested in healthcare or education
and culture. In this essay, I will first examine both views before
concluding that the well-being of the public should take priority/ take
precedence.
MB
• C2: (HS chuyển ra tiếng anh)
It is widely recognized that/ It is well-established that ngân sách nhà nước nên được đổ vào việc làm
xã hội tốt hơn. However, much has been debated over lĩnh vực nào nên được ưu tiên tiền quỹ. While
one school of thought holds that nhà nước nên cấp cho dân chúng chăm sóc sức khỏe miễn phí,
others argue that những quỹ này nên được đổ vào văn hóa và giáo dục. This essay will closely
scrutinize/examine thoroughly both views before concluding that I am in favor of the former/the
latter view.

Hint:
• Làm xã hội tốt hơn
(contribute to) the betterment of society (as a whole)
• Lĩnh vực
Sector/ segment
• Cấp
grant
• Chăm sóc sức khỏe miễn phí
Universal/ free-of-charge/ free (access to) healthcare [U]/healthcare system [C]
C2: It is widely recognized that/ It is well-established that state
funding/government funding/government budgets/ government
coffers/ government subsidies should be directed towards/diverted
to/invested in/be channeled to the betterment of society as a whole.
However, much has been debated over which sector should be
prioritized/take priority/ take precedence in terms of government funds.
While one school of thought holds that the government should grant its
citizens universal/free/free-of-charge access to healthcare, others argue
that these funds should be diverted to/channeled to etc. culture and
education. This essay will closely scrutinize/examine thoroughly both
views before concluding that I am in favor of the former/the latter view.
 MB
• C1: People’s opinions differ as to / Opinions remain divided over/Much has been debated
over/People remain divided over whether state funding should be invested in healthcare or
education and culture. In this essay, I will first examine both views before concluding that
the well-being of the public should take priority/ take precedence.

• C2: It is widely recognized that / It is well-established that state funding/government

funding/government budgets/ government coffers/ government subsidies should be
directed towards/invested in/be channeled to the betterment of society as a whole.
However, much has been debated over which sector should be prioritized in terms of
government funds. While one school of thought holds that the government should grant its
citizens universal/free/free-of-charge access to healthcare, others argue that these funds
should be diverted to/channeled to culture and education. This essay will closely
scrutinize/examine thoroughly both views before concluding that I am in favor of the
former/the latter view.
TB1
• It is understandable why some people propose/advocate/are pro sự cung cấp
chăm sóc sức khỏe miễn phí. The key rationale (in favor of this thinking) is that
một cư dân khỏe mạnh/không mắc bệnh là nền tảng của một đất nước thịnh
vượng, and thus/hence/thereby/therefore, không ai nên bị từ chối chữa trị
hoặc thuốc thang vì chi phí. However, this goal, albeit/although noble, is far
from achievable/attainable đối với nhiều nước, especially các nước đang phát
triển. Việc hoàn toàn chi trả một hệ thống chăm sóc sức khỏe là một nhiệm vụ
cực kì lớn và tốn kém cái mà ngoài tầm với của các nước nghèo và các nước
đang phát triển, hoặc yêu cầu các nước này phải hi sinh nhiều. An
exemplar/telling example is ____, whose ngân sách ít ỏi hiện tại sẽ thất bại
trong việc cung cấp một hệ thống chăm sóc sức khỏe miễn phí. Đối với nước
này, chi quá nhiều vào chăm sóc sức khỏe sẽ dẫn tới thiếu tiền vốn cho những
lĩnh vực khác, ví dụ như giao thông vận tải, cuối dùng cản trở sự phát triển
kinh tế của chúng.
• Hint: nhớ lại vocab đã học bài 1
 TB1
It is understandable why some people propose/advocate/are pro (the provision of)
universal healthcare. The key rationale (in favor of this thinking) is that a healthy/disease-
free population is the bedrock of/the backbone of/a precursor to a
prosperous/thriving/flourishing nation, and thus/hence/thereby/therefore, no one should
be denied treatment or medication due to/ on account of/ on the basis of cost. However,
this goal, albeit/although noble, is far from achievable/attainable for many countries,
especially the developing world. To wholly finance/subsidize a healthcare system is a
massive/huge/colossal/mammoth and prohibitively/ exorbitantly/ astronomically
expensive undertaking/ task that either is out of reach for/beyond the reach of developing
and impoverished/underdeveloped nations or requires them to make huge sacrifices. An
exemplar/telling example is ____, whose current meagre budget would fail to afford a free
healthcare system. For this country, overspending on / excessively spending on / investing
in healthcare would result in lack of/a dearth of funding for other sectors/segments such
as transportation, eventually/potentially impeding/placing impediments on/ stultifying/
hampering/inhibiting/ stymying their economic growth.
 TB2: Why direct funds towards
education & culture?
• Culture: preserve culture + promote national cultural values to the word ->
boost the tourism industry -> generate massive revenues
• Education: enhance its quality/ raise its standards -> more educated
workforce/ generations -> thriving economy + more civilized society

HS tự viết đoạn

In lieu /ljuː/ of (~Instead of) providing universal healthcare, I believe it would be more politic
(~wise)/advisable/judicious (show good judgement) for the authorities to invest in culture and education.
With regard to/ In terms of/ As for / As regards / Regarding the former, not only can cash injections aid in
its preservation efforts but they might also serve as a means of promoting national cultural values to the
world. This is key to bolstering the tourism industry and might consequently generate massive revenues for
governments, which is particularly important in the case of various/many developing countries where tourist
spending constitutes/makes up a substantial revenue stream. Regarding education, more state subsidies for
this system can enhance its quality, thereby possibly giving rise to more educated generations in the future.
This unquestionably/indisputably/irrefutably acts as a precursor to/ This could translate into not only a
thriving/flourishing economy but also a more civilized society.
• “In lieu of”: substitution, rather than contrast
•Sai: I would argue that the net effect makes them lucrative in lieu of expensive
•Đúng: 'In lieu of health insurance, we've been offered a pay rise'.
• KB1: To summarize, whilst there are justifications that the government should grant its citizenry
free-of-charge healthcare services, I believe the investment in culture and education would be
more worthwhile.
•KB2: To summarize, proponents of universal healthcare often emphasize how it can promote
healthy generations and, by extension, economic development. Nevertheless, they fail to factor
in/take into account/take into consideration the fact that the enormous/massive/colossal costs
involved may entail a dearth of (~ a lack of) funding for other areas and inadvertently
(~unintentionally) stymie/inhibit/impeding/placing impediments on/ hampering a country’s
growth. Instead, such funding should be allocated/allotted/diverted to/ directed towards
/invested in/channeled to the sectors/segments of education and culture, considering/given the
economic and social/ socioeconomic benefits that such a strategy would confer/bring about.

• stymie /ˈstaɪ.mi/ verb [T often passive] stymieing INFORMAL

to prevent something from happening or someone from achieving a purpose:
In our search for evidence, we were stymied by the absence of any recent documents.
Template
MB:
• It is widely recognized that… / It is well-established that …
• People’s opinions differ as to/people remain divided over/ opinions
remain divided over/ much has been debated over + whether/how…
• While one school of thought holds that…, others argue that…
• In this essay, I will first examine both views before concluding that… /
This essay will closely scrutinize/examine thoroughly both views
before concluding that I am in favor of the former/ the latter view.
->be subjected to/ come under (close) scrutiny
Template
TB
• It is understandable why some propose/ are pro/ advocate
• The key rationale (in favor of) this thinking is that…
• hence/thereby/thus/therefore
• However, this goal, albeit noble, is for from achievable/ attainable for…,
especially…
• An exemplar/ telling|prime example is…, whose…
• With regard to/ In terms of/ As for/ As regards/ Regarding
• In lieu of…, I believe it would be more politic/ advisable/ judicious for sb to
V
Template
KB
• To summarize, / In gist, whilst there are justifications that…, I believe…
 Vocab
• State/government funding – state/government subsidies
• Government budgets – government coffers
• Meagre
• Be directed towards/ diverted to/ invested in/ channeled to/ poured into
• Grant
• Wholly finance/ subsidize a healthcare system
• A massive/ colossal/ mammoth undertaking
• Prohibitively/ exorbitantly/ astronomically expensive
• The betterment of society (as a whole)
• Sector - segment
• Take priority – take precedence
• Prioritize A over B – place a premium on / place more importance on/
attach greater emphasis to/ emphasize A
• Universal/ free/ free-of-charge (access to) healthcare/ the healthcare
system
• A healthy population – a disease-free population
• The bedrock of/ the backbone of
• A precursor to
• prosperous/ thriving/ flourishing
• Developing countries – the developing world
• Impoverished/ underdeveloped nations
• Out of reach for/ beyond the reach of
• Make huge sacrifices
• Fail to V
• Overspending on/ excessively spending on
• Lack of – a dearth of
• Potentially/ be a precursor to
• Impede/ place impediments on/ hamper/ inhibit/ stultify sth
• Economic growth/ development
• Cash injection(s)
• Help – aid in sth
• Serve as sth
• Preservation efforts
• Promote cultural values to the world
• Bolster the economy/ the tourism industry
• Generate massive revenues for
• account for / account to / amount to / make up / represent /
constitute / contribute / comprise
• A substantial revenue stream
• Give rise to sth
• Lead to/result in - Translate into
• A more civilized society
•TOPIC 2 - Some people think that hosting international sports events is
good for the country, while some people think it is bad.
Discuss both views and state your opinion.

(44) Why Hosting The Olympics Isn't Worth It Anymore - YouTube

•BODY 1
•Outline pros of hosting international sports competitions
•Counter
pros of hosting international sports competitions:

- facilitate the tourism industry (short-term)

- prove their financial status
- more jobs generated (short-term)
- chance to immensely upgrade sports infrastructure
•not a reasonable tradeoff
cons of hosting international sports competitions:

- fiendishly prohibitive
- environmental implications
- sports infrastructure falls into disuse

•a boon to ….
•boons: informal
•it stands to reason that
•A and B
 international sports events
•international sports competitions
•global-scale sports competitions
•world-scale sports events
•major sports competitions
•sports matches
•cross-border sports matches
•global sporting events
•global sporting tournaments
• global sporting games
host countries

•the host country

• the hosting nation
organizing these events

•staging these competitions

•holding these events
• hosting these tournaments
Advantage
• X is a boon to/ beneficial to
• Reap/gain/obtain several benefits from sth
• The benefits that X confers (to sb) are pronounced/evident
• Greatly facilitate the development of
• The advantages are, to a large extent, short-term and unsustainable /
last for a short period of time
 Disadvantage
•Worry about – express concern over
•Have a negative effect on sb – be of detriment to/ be detrimental to X (on the basis of/
on account of sth)
•Do sb a (huge) disservice
•Take a toll on sb
• Have an adverse/ a deleterious/ damaging/ injurious/ detrimental effect on sb
• Effects/ impacts/results - bearings/ implications/ consequences/ ramifications/
repercussions
• Implications attached with/ associated with V-ing
• In the worst-case scenario, X might be the breeding ground for/ a precursor to/ give
rise to/ beget N
• Social unrest / social instability/ public disorder
• Government budgets / Government coffers / A nation’s budgets
• A large amount of viewership
• Strive to do sth
• Financial pressures
• The prohibitive expenses in the form of + N/V-ing (~ the massive cost
involved to V)
• Generate jobs
• Curb the unemployment rate
• Tight/limited/meager budgets
• Be awash in/ incur/ be burdened with + high debts/ substantial
debts/ crippling debts/ mountainous debts
• Impose/place a huge financial burden on
• A massive influx of foreigners
• Enjoy the atmosphere – soak up the festive atmosphere
• Construct/ erect sophisticated sports facilities
 MB
•Không thể phủ nhận the popularity of international sports competitions, như được minh chứng bởi
a large amount of viewership of these. Bởi vì điều này, many countries are striving to host such
events, with some arguing that host countries would gặt hái được nhiều lợi ích từ global-scale
sports competitions. Trong khi đó, những người khác lo lắng về những tác động xấu liên quan tới
organizing these events. Bài luận này nhắm tới việc phân tích chi tiết cả hai ý kiến, trước khi kết luận
rằng staging these competitions is có hại cho đất nước do its financial pressures.
•Because of
•Given
•Considering
 MB
•There is no denying the popularity of international sports competitions, as evidenced by a large
amount of viewership of these. In light of this, many countries are striving to host such events, with
some arguing that host countries would reap/gain/obtain several benefits from global-scale sports
competitions. Meanwhile, others worry about/ express concerns over the detrimental
implications/results/consequences/ramifications/effects/impacts/bearings/repercussions
attached with/associated with organizing these events. This essay aims to scrutinize both
views/examine both views under closer scrutiny before concluding that staging these competitions is
of detriment to / detrimental to the country due to/on account of/ on the basis of its financial
pressures.
•Because of
•Given
•Considering
• Thừa nhận rằng, những lợi ích mà organizing world-scale sports events
đem lại cho a country là rõ ràng. Một trong những điều này là this could
greatly facilitate the development of the national tourism industry
through a massive influx of foreigners coming to watch sports matches
and enjoy/soak up the festive atmosphere of the events. Thêm vào đó,
more jobs in this sector/segment would be generated for the locals, vì
thế curbing the unemployment rate. However, these two advantages
are, to a large extent, short-term and unsustainable, since when these
events end, there is no promise of a thriving/prosperous/flourishing
tourism industry and stable jobs for the community.
• Granted,/Admittedly, the benefits that organizing world-scale sports
events confers to a country are evident. One of these is that this could
greatly facilitate the development of the national tourism industry
through a massive influx of foreigners coming to watch sports matches
and enjoy/soak up the festive atmosphere of the events. Added to this is
that / In addition to this, more jobs in this sector/segment would be
generated for the locals, thus/ therefore/ hence/ thereby curbing the
unemployment rate. However, these two advantages are, to a large
extent, short-term and unsustainable, since when these events end,
there is no promise of a thriving/prosperous/flourishing tourism
industry and stable jobs for the community.
•Thêm vào đó, tôi bị thuyết phục rằng hosting major sports competitions would actually do the
nation itself a huge disservice. Nói rõ hơn là, khi cân nhắc the exorbitant/astronomical/prohibitive
expenses in the form of constructing/erecting sophisticated sports facilities, the country, particularly
developing/impoverished ones, whose budgets are often meagre/limited/tight, could be awash in/
incur/ be burdened with high debts/ substantial debts/ crippling debts/ mountainous debts.
This would, vì thế, impose/place a huge financial burden on taxpayers, and perhaps in the worst-
case scenario, có thể là nơi sản sinh ra political disagreement/discord/conflict, từ đó social
unrest/public disorder. So với những lợi ích nào đó organizing cross-border sports matches có thể
đem lại, những hạn chế của nó rõ ràng hơn.
•awash /əˈwɒʃ/ US /-ˈwɑːʃ/ adjective [after verb]
having an amount of something which is very large or larger than necessary or desirable:
The city is awash with drugs and the police are powerless to do anything about it.
•Furthermore, I am convinced that hosting major sports competitions would actually do the nation
itself a huge disservice. To specify, given/taking into account the
exorbitant/astronomical/prohibitive expenses in the form of constructing/erecting sophisticated
sports facilities, the country, particularly developing/impoverished ones, whose budgets are often
meagre/limited/tight, could be awash in/ incur/ be burdened with high debts/ substantial
debts/ crippling debts/ mountainous debts. This would, as a result, impose/place a huge financial
burden on taxpayers, and perhaps in the worst-case scenario, might be the breeding ground for/a
precursor to political disagreement/discord/conflict, hence social unrest/public disorder. Compared
to certain benefits organizing cross-border sports matches might confer, its drawbacks are far more
pronounced/evident.
•awash /əˈwɒʃ/ US /-ˈwɑːʃ/ adjective [after verb]
having an amount of something which is very large or larger than necessary or desirable:
The city is awash with drugs and the police are powerless to do anything about it.
• Tóm lại, mặc dù có những nguyên nhân mà hosting world-scale sports
events là có ích cho the host country, tôi sẽ tranh luận là những lợi
thế đó mostly last for a short period of time. Thêm vào đó, organizing
such events sẽ có hại cho the nation’s budgets and might also sản sinh
ra social instability.
• To conclude, even though there are justifications that hosting world-
scale sports events is beneficial to/ a boon to the host country, I
would argue that these advantages mostly last for a short period of
time. In addition to this, organizing such events would take a great
toll on the nation’s budgets and might also give rise to/beget social
instability.
 Template
• There is no denying + N / It is indisputable|irrefutable that + [clause]
• As evidenced by (~ which can clearly be seen in the case of)
• In light of this,
• Meanwhile,
• others worry about/ express concern over the detrimental
implications/results/consequences/ramifications/effects/impacts/beari
ngs/repercussions attached with/associated with
• This essay aims to scrutinize both views/ examine both views under
closer scrutiny before concluding that X is of detriment to/ is detrimental
to sth due to/on account of/ on the basis of + N
 TB
• Granted, / Admittedly,…
• One of these is that…
• Added to this is that/ In addition to this,
• However,
• Furthermore, I am convinced that… / The argument against/for sth is
further fortified by sth
• To specify,
• Given/taking into account sth
• Compared to certain benefits X might confer, its drawbacks are far more
pronounced/ evident
KB
• To conclude, even though there are justifications that…, I would argue
that….
BTVN
•Many companies sponsor sports as a way of advertising themselves. Some
people think this is good for the world of sport, while others think it is negative.

Discuss both views and give your own opinion.