Data Handling
and
coding
Data Analysis
Phases
- CHARACTERIZING
- CUTTING
- CODING
- CATEGORIZING
- CONVERTING
- CREATING
Characterizing
• Verbatim
• What the researcher thinks is important
• Data reduction
• Immersion in the data
Cutting
- Cutting data into meaningful
segments
- Different levels
- Different ways
- Underline key phrases (inchoate
sense) (Sandelowski, 1995)
Codin
g
Advantages Types
- Noting details Descriptiv
Analytical
- Easy data search e
- Making
comparison
- Defining patterns
for extra
investigation
- Close study
Codes
Tips Types
- Meaningful Inductiv
Prior
- Indicative
e
- Based upon co-
Faceshe
occurrin
themes/ ideas/ et
g
terms/ knowledge
- Theory based In vivo
Examples of
Codes
Open
Factors coding
- Research question (First-cycle)
- Projected outcomes
Axial coding
- Conceptual
(Second-
framework cycle)
- Methodology
- Data type
- Personal experience
Jonny Saldana
Categorizing
Categories must be responsive
Particular General to the research question and:
(Individua (Patterns)
Sensitive
l codes)
Exhaustive
Exclusive
Flat Hierarchical Conceptually
congruent
(List) (sub-codes)
Converting - Categories into themes
- Themes: unifying or dominant idea
Creating
Descriptive tables
Comparison Matrices
Integrative figures or
diagrams
Overcoming Coding
• Remind yourself with the research question
• Select and highlight themes
• Theorizing and arguing (informative, analytical,
and reflective)
Choosing to use (or not) computer
programs
Work enough with the data to know it extensively
Advantages Data Analysis Programs
- ATLAS
Data sharing
Ethnograph
- Managing large volumes
of text HyperResearch
Nvivo
NUD-IST
Keeping logs and records during data
analysis
• Keep a list of codes and their meaning
• Enumeration (how many times a code appears)
• Analytical memos
Thank you
Hadeel Sawalmeh
Research on Teaching
Dr. Ahmad Janazreh
