ORIGINS AND
HISTORY
OF
GLOBALIZATION
The previous discussions
answer the question
“ WHAT IS GLOBALIZATION?”
“ WHERE DID THE
GLOBALIZATION
START?”
5 DIFFERENT PERSPECTIVES
OR VIEW REGARDING THE
ORIGINS OF GLOBALIZATION
1.HARDWIRED
According to Nayan Chanda (2017)
it is because of our basic human
needs to make our lives better that
made globalization possible. Therefore, one
can trace the beginning of globalization
from our Ancestors in Africa who walked
out from the said continent in the late Ice
Age (50,000 years ago).
2. CYCLES
For some, globalization is a long-term
cyclical process and thus, finding its
origin will be a daunting task. The
origin of globalization is not a singular
event but a continuous process that
has evolved over centuries. It has
followed a cyclical pattern, driven by
factors like trade, technological
advancements, and political events.
3. EPOCH (particular time/era)
According to Ritzer(2015) cited by
Therborn’s (2000) there are six epochs of
Globalization.
Globalization of Religion (4th to & 7th century)
European colonial conquests (late 15th century)
Intra-European wars (late 18th to early 19th century)
Heyday of European imperialism (mid-19th to 1918)
Post-World War II period
Post-Cold War period
4. EVENTS
Roman conquests centuries before Christ
Rampage of the armies of Gengis Khan into Eastern
Europe in 13th century
Christopher Columbus discovery of America in 1942
Ferdinand Magellan’s circumnavigation of the globe in
1522
The recent years could also be regarded as the
beginnings of globalization with reference to:
a. Technological Advances
b. Transportation Advances
c. Advances in communication (1st telephone cable 1956, 1st
television broadcast in 1962, the founding of the modern internet in 1988)
5. BROADER, MORE RECENT CHANGES
The emergence of the United States
as the global power (post-World War II)
Through its dominant military and economic power after WWII, the united states was
able to outrun Germany and Japan in terms of industry. Both the Allies and Axis powers fall
behind economically. Because of this, the United States soon began to progress in different
aspects like in diplomacy, media, films (Hollywood) and many more.
The emergence of multinational
corporations (MNCs)
Ex. Ford Motors originated in the USA
The demise of the Soviet Union and the
end of the Cold War.
The fall of the Soviet Union in 1991 led to the opening
of the major parts of the world for the first time since
the early 20th century. Many global processes
immigration, tourism, media, diplomacy, and MNCs
spread throughout the planet. This paved called “free
world”
China, even though the government remains
communist, is on its way to becoming a major force in
global capitalism.
