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The Internet, The Web and Electronic Commerce

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Veronica Castillo
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17 views18 pages

The Internet, The Web and Electronic Commerce

Uploaded by

Veronica Castillo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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THE INTERNET, THE WEB

AND ELECTRONIC
COMMERCE
INFO 1 - CHAPTER 6
What is Internet?

The Internet is a global network of interconnected


computer networks that communicate with each other over
the Internet Protocol Suite (TCP/IP). It is a network of
networks made up of private, public, academic, and
government networks ranging from local to global in extent
and connected by a diverse set of electronic, wireless, and
optical networking technologies.
Evolution of the Internet

• In 1960’s, the Internet was started as a medium for sharing


information with government researchers. During the time
computers were larger in size and were immovable. In case
anyone had to access the information stored in any
computer, they had to travel to the location of the
computer or the other way to have magnetic computer
tapes that could be transported through the postal system
of that time.
Evolution of the Internet

• Alongside, Escalated Cold War played a major role in


the creation of the internet. The Soviet Union had deployed
the Sputnik satellite which led the Defense Department of
the United States to examine the possibilities of
communicating information despite nuclear. The situation
resulted in the development of
ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Netw
ork)
, which, later on, evolved into the Internet.
Evolution of the Internet

● Earlier there wasn’t any standard mechanism for the


computer networks that would enable them to
communicate with each other. Transfer Control Protocol
(TCP/IP) which was developed in 1970, was adopted as a
new communication protocol for ARPANET in 1983.
World Wide Web (WWW)

World Wide Web (WWW), often called the web, is a system of


interconnected webpages and information that you can access using the
Internet. It was started by CERN in 1989. It is also defined as the
collection of different websites around the world, containing different
information shared via local servers (or computers).

Web pages are linked together using hyperlinks which are HTML-
formatted and, also referred to as hypertext, these are the fundamental
units of the Internet and are accessed through
Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP).
COMPONENTS OF THE WEB

There are 3 components of the web:

1. Uniform Resource Locator (URL) - URL serves as a system for resources


on the web.

2. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - HTTP specifies communication of


browser and server.

3. Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML) - HTML defines the structure,


organization and content of a web page.
COMPONENTS OF THE WEB
THE WEB BROWSERS

• A web browser is the tool that you use to access the World Wide Web.

• The browser's main job is to display web pages.

• It also lets you create Bookmarks (sometimes called Favorites) for sites you
like, so that you can easily find them again later.

• The World Wide Web is a virtual network of web sites connected by


hyperlinks (or "links").

• Web sites are stored on servers on the internet, so the World Wide Web is a
part of the internet.
THE WEB BROWSERS
Web Page vs Websites
Examples of Web Page vs Website
Webpages (URLs)

A URL (Uniform Resource Locator) - is a unique identifier used to


locate a resource on the Internet. It is also referred to as a web address.
URLs consist of multiple parts -- including a protocol and domain name --
that tell a web browser how and where to retrieve a resource.
The Parts of URL
Webpages (URLs)

1. The protocol or scheme - Used to access a resource on the internet. Protocols


include http, https, ftps, mailto and file. The resource is reached through the
domain name system (DNS) name. In this example, the protocol is https://

2. Host name or domain name - The unique reference the represents a webpage.
For this example, www.techtarget.com.

3. Port name - Usually not visible in URLs, but necessary. Always following a colon,
port 80 is the default port for web servers, but there are other options. For
example, port80.
Webpages (URLs)
4. Path - A path refers to a file or location on the web server. For this example,

search/query.

5. Query - Found in the URL of dynamic pages. The query consists of a question mark,

followed by parameters. For this example, ?.

6. Parameters - Pieces of information in a query string of a URL. Multiple parameters

can be separated by ampersands (&). For this example, q=URL.

7. Fragment - This is an internal page reference, which refers to a section within the

webpage. It appears at the end of a URL and begins with a hashtag (#). Although not in

the example above, an example could be #history in the URL


Webpages (URLs)
 HTTP
• The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - is the foundation of the World Wide Web and is
used to load webpages using hypertext links.

• HTTP is an application layer protocol designed to transfer information between networked


devices and runs on top of other layers of the network protocol stack. A typical flow over HTTP
involves a client machine making a request to a server, which then sends a response message.

 What is search engine?


• It is a software accessed on the Internet that searches a database of information according to
the user's query.

• The engine provides a list of results that best match what the user is trying to find.
Today, there are many different search engines available on the Internet, each with
its own abilities and features.
 HTTP vs HTTPS

● Both HTTP and HTTPS are used to retrieve data from a web server to view content in a browser.

● The difference between them is that HTTPS uses a Secure Sockets Layer (SSL) certificate to
encrypt the connection between the end user and the server.

 HTML Documents
• You may be as surprised as I was to learn that the graphically rich and interactive pages, we see
on the web are generated by simple, text-only documents. The text file behind the scenes is
referred to as the source document.

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