QUALITY IMPROVEMENT &
PATIENT SAFETY
WHAT IS QUALITY OF CARE?
‘DOING THE RIGHT THING(GETTING THE HEALTH
CARESERVICES YOU NEED),AT THE SAME TIME(WHEN
YOU NEED IT),IN THE RIGHT WAY(USING THE
APPROPRIATE TEST OR PROCEDURE ), TO ACHIEVE
THE BEST POSSIBLE RESULTS.’
THE WHO DEFINITION OF QUALITY OF CARE IS
“THE EXTENT TO WHICH HEALTH CARE SERVICES
PROVIDED TO INDIVIDUALS AND PATIENT
POPULATIONS IMPROVE DESIRED HEALTH
OUTCOMES. IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE THIS, HEALTH
CARE MUST BE SAFE, EFFECTIVE, TIMELY, EFFICIENT,
EQUITABLE AND PEOPLE- CENTERED.”
Safe: Delivering health care that minimizes risks and
harm to service users, including avoiding preventable
injuries and reducing medical errors.
Effective: Providing services based on scientific
knowledge and
evidence-based guidelines.
Timely: Reducing delays in providing and receiving health
care.
Efficient: Delivering health care in a manner that
maximizes resource use and avoids waste.
Equitable: Delivering health care that does not differ in
quality according to personal characteristics such as
gender, race, ethnicity, geographical location or
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
IN HEALTH CARE, QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
(QI) IS THE FRAMEWORK WE USE TO
SYSTEMATICALLY IMPROVE THE WAYS
CARE IS DELIVERED TO PATIENTS.
PROCESSES HAVE CHARACTERISTICS
THAT CAN BE MEASURED, ANALYZED,
IMPROVED, AND CONTROLLED.
QUALITY
IMPROVEMENT
METHODS
QUALITY IMPROVEMENT TOOLS
Quality improvement tools are
standalone strategies or processes that can
help you better understand, analyze, or
communicate your QI efforts.
Brainstorming is a group
creativity technique by which
efforts are made to find a
conclusion for a specific problem
by gathering a list of ideas
spontaneously contributed by its
members
3.DATA COLLECTION TOOL
4. FLOW
CHARTS
A flowchart is a diagram
that shows the step-by-step
flow of operation to get a
solution of a problem or to
figure out the correct
sequence of the process
5.CAUSE & EFFECT DIAGRAM (FISH
BONE DIAGRAM
A cause and effect
diagram examines
why something
happened or might
happen by organizing
potential causes
into smaller
categories.
6. PARETO
DIAGRAM
A Pareto diagram is a simple
bar chart that ranks related
measures in decreasing order
of occurrence
7.
HISTOGRAM
A histogram is a graphical
tool used to visualize data
that can be produced with
histogram
,where the height of each
bar represents the number
of observations falling
within a range of rank-
ordered data values.
8. CONTROL
CHARTS
The control chart is a
graph used to study how a
process changes over time
9. SCATTER
DIAGRAM
Scatter Diagram or
correlation diagram is a tool
to describe changes in a
dependent variable in relation
to any change in the
independent variable
PATIENT SAFETY
“PATIENT SAFETY IS THE AVOIDANCE OF
UNINTENDED OR UNEXPECTED HARM TO PEOPLE
DURING THE PROVISION OF HEALTH CARE”
S-SENSE THE ERROR
A- ACT TO PREVENT IT
F-FOLLOW SAFETY GUIDELINES
E-ENQUIRE INTO ACCIDENT/DEATH
T-TAKE APPROPRIATE REMEDIAL MEASURES
Y-YOUR RESPONSIBILITY
MEDICAL SAFETY
*MEDICATION ORDER SHOULD BE WRITTEN LEGIBLY WITH
ALL MEDICATION &PATIENT DETAILS
*ANY ABBREVIATIONS USED IN ORDER SHOULD
BE STANDARDIZED
*DISCOURAGE TELEPHONE ORDER, DO NOT ACCEPT
VERBAL ORDERS EXCEPT EMERGENCY
*FOLLOW 10 RIGHTS OF MEDICATION
*PATIENT IDENTIFICATION WITH 2 IDENTIFIER BEFORE
ANY PROCEDURE
SURGICAL
SAFETY
* WRITTEN SURGICAL CONSENT
* CORRECT IDENTIFICATION OF PATIENT
* SITE MARKING
* PRE ANESTHETIC CHECK UP
* USE OF SURGICAL SAFETY CHECKLIST
* PREVENTION OF SURGICAL WOUND
INFECTIONS
ELECTRICAL SAFETY
*SAFETY FUSES WITH EACH EQUIPMENT
*NO LOOSE WIRES/CONNECTION
*PROPERLY PLUGGED & FIXED
*ELECTRICITY BACK UP BATTERY &
GENERATOR
INFECTION CONTROL & SANITATION
*PROPER SEGREGATION & TRANSPORTATION OF
BIOMEDICAL WASTE
*USE OF STERILE PROCEDURE
*FORMATION OF INFECTION CONTROL COMMITTEE
*INVESTIGATION OF ALL HOSPITAL INFECTION
*EDUCATION & ORIENTATION OF HOSPITAL STAFFS
*SANITATION & HYGIENE OF HOSPITAL AREA TO
AVOID INFECTION
FIRE
SAFETY
*USE FIRE PROOF MATERIAL
*HAVE FIRE EXIT IN ALL BUILDING
*SMOKE DETECTORS & WATER SPRINKLERS ON
THE ROOF OF ALL
FLOOR
*FIRE EXTINGUISHERS IN ALL AREA
*TRAINING IN FIRE MANAGEMENT
BLOOD
SAFETY
*PROPER GROUPING & CROSS MATCHING
*PROPER LABELLING OF GROUP &NAME OF
PATIENT
*SCREENING AGAINST HIV, HEPATITIS, VDRL
*CONTROL OF MISMATCH REACTION
*INFORM ADVERSE REACTION TO BLOOD BANK
