Afro-Latin

American and
Popular Music
Quarter 2
Music of Africa
• Play an important
role in the daily lives.
• The wide influence of
African music spread
throughout the
world.
• A result of collective
cultural and musical
variety of more than
50 ethnic divisions of
the continent.
 TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF AFRICA

Afrobeat Apala (Akpala)

• It is used to describe • A genre from Nigeria in
fusion of Western African the Yoruba tribal style.
with Black American • It is used to wake-up
music. worshippers after fasting
during Muslim holy feast
of Ramadan
 TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF AFRICA

Axe Jit
• A genre from Salvador, • A hard and fast percussive
Bahia, and Brazil. Zimbabwean dance music
• It fuses the Afro- played on drum with
Caribbean style of march guitar accompaniment,
and reggae, and is played influenced by mbira-based
by carnival bands. guitar styles.
 TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF AFRICA

Jive Juju
• It is popular form of South • From Nigeria that relies on
African music featuring a the traditional Yoruba
lively and uninhibited rhythms, where
variation of jitterbug. Jitter instruments are more
is form of swing dance. Western in origin.
 TRADITIONAL MUSIC OF AFRICA

Kwassa kwassa Marbi

• A dance style that began • A South African three-
in Zaire in the late 1980’s, chord township music of
popularized by Kanda the 1930s-1960s which
Bongo Man. In this style, evolved into African Jazz.
the hips move back and
forth while arms follow
the hip movements.
Vocal Form
of African
Music
 VOCAL FORM OF AFRICAN MUSIC

Maracatu Blues
• First surfaced in the • A musical form in the late
African state of 19th century that had deep
Pernambuco, combining roots in African-American
the strong rhythm of communities, located in
African percussion the so called “Deep South”
instruments with of the United States, where
Portuguese melodies. the slaves and their
descendants used to sing
as they worked in the
cotton and vegetables
fields.
 VOCAL FORM OF AFRICAN MUSIC

Soul Spiritual
• A genre of the 1950s and • It is associated with
1960s. deeply religious person. It
• Originated in the United pertains to a song form
States and combined known as the “Negro
elements of African- spiritual” sang by the
American gospel music, African slaves in America.
rhythm and blues, and • Used as outlet to express
often jazz. loneliness and anger.
 VOCAL FORM OF AFRICAN MUSIC

Call and Response

• A method of a succession of two distinct musical
phrases usually rendered by different musicians, where
the second phrase act as a direct commentary on or
response to the first.
MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS
OF AFRICA
A. Idiophones
2. Rattles – Vessels made of
seashells, tin basketry, animal
1. Balafon – A West hoofs, horn, wood, metal,
African Xylophone. cocoons, palm kernels or tortoise
shells.
A. Idiophones 4. Atingting kon – These are
split gongs used to
3. Agogo – A single bell or communicate between
multiple bells. villages.
A. Idiophones
5. Slit Drum – A hallow percussion
instrument. Curved and 6. Djembe – Shaped like a large
constructed from bamboo or goblet and played with bare
wood. hands.
A. Idiophones 8. Rasp or Scraper – A hand
percussion instrument whose
7. Shekere – A type of gourd and sound is produced by scraping
shell megaphone from West the notches on a piece of
Africa. curved wood with a stick.
B. Membranophones
1. Body Percussion – African
people frequently use their 2. Talking Drum – Used to send
bodies as musical instruments. message to announce events.
C. Lamellophone
1. Mbira – thumb
piano of finger
xylophone.
Composed of
wooden board with
attached metal
tines.
D. Chordophones
1. Musical Bow – The ancestor of all string instruments.

Mouth bow – Resonator bow Earth bow –

consist of single – A form of also called as
string attached mouth bow with ground bow or
to each end of a calabash pit harp.
curved stick resonator
attached at its
mid-point.
D. Chordophones
2. Lute – shape like a modern guitar 3. Kora – The most
and played in similar technique. sophisticated harp of Africa.
D. Chordophones 5. Zeze – A fiddle from Sub-
4. Zither – String instrument with
varying sizes and shapes whose Saharan Africa that is played
strings are stretched along the with bow, a small wooden
body. stick, or plucked with fingers.
E. Aerophone
1. Flute
PANPIPES – Consist of cane 2. Horns
pipes of different lengths KUDU HORN – Made from
tied in a row. horn of kudu antelope.
E. Aerophone
3. Reed Pipes – They are single- 4. Whistles – Short piece of horn
reed pipes made from hallow serve as whistles, often with short
guinea corn or sorghum stem. tube inserted into the mouthpiece.
E. Aerophone
5. Trumpets – Made of
wood, metal, animal
horns, elephant tusks
and gourds, ornamental
with snake or crocodile
skin or the hide of
zebras. Leopards, and
other animals.
Music of Latin
America
Music of Latin America
• Product of three
major influences
of indigenous
Spanish,
Portuguese, and
Africa.
• It pertains to Latin
music because of
the impact on the
countries
colonized by Spain
and Portugal.
 LATIN AMERICAN AS INFLUENCED BY
AFRICAN MUSIC

Reggae Salsa
• A Jamaican musical style • A dance music from Cuba,
that was influenced by the Puerto Rico, and
islander’s traditional Columbia.
mento music. • It is composed of various
• It is offbeat rhythm and genres including the
staccato chords are the Cuban son montuno,
most distinctive qualities guaracha, cha-cha,
of reggae. mambo, and bolero.
 LATIN AMERICAN AS INFLUENCED BY
AFRICAN MUSIC

Soca Were
• Also called as “Soul of • A Muslim music often
Calypso”. performed as a wake-up
• Originated as a fusion of call for the early breakfast
calypo with Indian and prayers during
rhythms, thus combining Ramadan celebrations.
the musical traditions of
the two major ethnic
groups of Trinidad and
Tobago.
 LATIN AMERICAN AS INFLUENCED BY
AFRICAN MUSIC

Zouk
• A carnival-like rhythm, from the creole slang word for
“party”.
• Originated in the Caribbean Islands of Guadeloupe and
Martinique and popularized in the 1980s.
Influences on Latin
American Music
• Influences
Used foron Latin American
religious
Music
worship and
ceremonies.
The use of
instruments, as well
as singing and
dancing served to
implore the gods for
good harvest or Indigenous
victory in battle, to
guard against Latin
sickness and natural American
disasters, and to
 Influences on Latin American
Music
• The rich and varied
rhythmic patterns by Afro-Latin
drums and various American
percussion Music
instruments are
noticeable in this
music. Vocal music
was often deep-
chested while
instrumental music
greatly relied on
drums and buzzer.
 Influences on Latin American
Music
Euro-Latin
• The different American
regions of Latin Music
American adopted
various
characteristics
from European
colonizers.
 Influences on Latin American
Music

• The diversity of races

and cultures from the
native Americans,
Afro-Latin Americans
and Euro-Latin
Americans account Mixed
the rich combination
of musical elements. American
Music
• Latin America
Influences has
on Latin American
produced several
Music
musical genres and
forms that had been
influenced by
European folk music,
African traditional
music, native
sources.
Some of these Latin Popular Latin
American popular American
music forms are
tango, bossa nova, Music
 Vocal and
Dance Form of
Latin American
Music
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Cumbia
• It consists of
varying rhythmic
meters in
different
locations.
• The instruments
used are drums
of African origin.
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Tango
• Has been of
African origin
meaning “African
dance” or from
Spanish word
taner meaning to
“play” an
instrument.
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Cha-cha
• A ballroom dance
originated in
Cuba. It is
derived from the
mambo and its
characteristics
rhythm.
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Rumba
• A popular recreational
dance of Afro-Cuban
origin.
• It has repetitive melody
with ostinato pattern
played by maracas,
claves, and other
percussion instruments.
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Bossa nova
• It originated in the late
1950s when a slower,
gentler version of classical
Cuban samba become
popular with the upper-
and middle-class sectors of
Brazilian society.
• It is a Portuguese for “new
trend”.
• The music contains themes
centering on love, women,
longing nature, and
youthfulness.
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Reggae
• An urban popular music
and dance style that
originated in Jamaica in
the mid-1960s.
• It was a synthesis of
Western American
(Afro-American) popular
music and the
traditional Afro-
Jamaican music.
Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Foxtrot
A 20th century social
dance that originated
after 1910 in the USA.
 Vocal and Dance Form of Latin American
Music

Paso Doble
• It means double
step.
• It is a theatrical
dance used by
Spaniards in
bullfights. The music
was played as the
matador enters.
Jazz Music
 JAZZ MUSIC

Ragtime Big Band

• A popular American music • It refers to large ensemble
style mainly for piano. originated in the US in the
• Originated in the Afro- mid-1920s closely
American communities of associated with the Swing
St. Louis and New Era and its Jazz elements.
Orleans.
• Scott Joplin is known as
the “King of Ragtime”
 JAZZ MUSIC

Bebop Jazz Rock

• Bebop or bop is a musical • The music of 1960s and
style of modern jazz that 1970s bands that inserted
emerged during World jazz elements into rock
War II. music.
• A synonym for “jazz
fusion”, Jazz rock is a mix
of funk and R&B.
Musical Instrument
of Latin America
Aztec and Mayan Instruments
Teponaztli – A slit drum
Tlapitzalli – A flute variety from hallowed out and carved from
the Aztec culture. It is made of a piece of hardwood.
clay with decorations of abstract
designs or images of their deities.
Aztec and Mayan Instruments
Rasp – A hand percussion
instrument whose sound is
Concha – Usually made from the
shell of the large sea snail. produced by scraping a
stick and has a series of
indentions and notches with
another stick .
Aztec and Mayan Instruments
Huehueti – Made of wood
opened at the bottom and Whistles – Can be made from
standing on the three legs natural elements such as
cut from the base. bone from animals.
Incan Musical Instrument
1. Ocarina – An ancient
vessel flute made of clay or 2. Zampoñas – Typical features
ceramics with 4 to 12 finger includes bamboo tubes of
holes. different lengths tied together
either in pairs or more.
Andean Musical Instruments
Siku – Made from bamboo Wooden Tarka – A vertical
tubes, but can also be made duct flute with a mouthpiece
from condor feather, bone, similar to recorder.
and any materials.
Andean Musical Instruments
Quena – A vertical cane flute Charango – Its size is like
made from fragile bamboo. ukulele and is a smaller
version mandolin.
Popular Music
Popular Music
• It literally means
“Music of the
Populace”.
• Comprised of
music for
entertainment of
large number of
audiences.
Folk Music
• It pertains to melodies
and songs of the
common people handed
down one generation to
the next.
• It commonly expresses
the character of ethnic
and social groups, and
sometimes of the
nation.
 Country and
Western Music
• A combination of
popular musical
forms originally
found in the
Southern US.
• The music reflects
the people’s life
experiences and
local settings.
Ballads
It is about expressive folk
song in narrative verse
with the text dealing
typically with love.
BALLADS
1. Blues Ballads
• Deals with anti-heroes resisting authority and emphasize the character
of the performance more than narrative content as accompanied by
banjo or guitar.

2. Pop Standard and Jazz Ballads

• It is a blues style built from single verse of 16 bars ending the dominant
of half-cadence, followed by a refrain or chorus.

3. Pop and Rock Ballads

• It is categorized as emotional love song with suggestions of folk music.
STANDARDS
• Used to denote the
most popular and
enduring songs from
a particular genre or
styles.
• Its style is mostly
moderate tempo with
relaxed mood.
Rock and Roll
• It was greatly
popular song from
US during the late
1940s to the 1960s.
• In the classic form,
rock and roll
employed one or
two electric guitars.
Disco
It pertained to rock
music that was
more danceable.
Pop Music
• Like disco era, other
pop music superstars
continued to emerge
including pop
superstars like
Madonna, Michael
Jackson and today’s
pop music idols.
Hip Hop and
Rap
The musical style is
highly rhythmic type
of music that usually
includes rap.
Alternative Music
• It is an underground and
independent form of
music that arose in the
1980s.
• It was recognized as
unconventional
practices such as
distorted guitar chords,
oppressive lyrics, and
defiant attitudes.
 CLASSICAL MUSICAL MADE
POPULAR
• In the 20th century the composers expanded the genres
of classical music with the bold or daring new styles,
such as minimalism, chance music, and avant-garde
music.
 CROSSOVER PERFORMANCE:
CLASSICAL AND POP
• Number of classical musicians have begun to render
“crossover” performance, in which they combine
classical compositions with a jazz, rock, and folk music
in the same concert or recording.
 PHILIPPINE POPULAR MUSIC

Original Pilipino Music

(OPM)
• It pertains to the
Philippine pop song,
particularly ballads,
such as those popular
after the fading of its
predecessor, the Manila
Sound, in the late
1970s.
LEARNING PAGE
TASK #
1 Learning Task 7- True or
2 False
2 Learning Task 25-26
6
3 Learning Task 31 Letter E
3 number 1,2,3
PERFORMANCE TASK: (MUSIC,ART,
AND P.E)
• Prepare a 1-minute dance video together
with your family members.
• Use hip-hop or pop music
• Using any mobile applications add effects
to your video presentation.
• Submit your output via messenger.
•Rubrics :
•Creativiy – 20% Originality – 40% Effects/ presentation-
40%