21st Century Literature
from the Philippines
and the World
Figures of Speech &
Literary Techniques
OBJECTIVES
a.describe some of the elements of poetry
and their importance to literature;
b.analyze sample texts for sensory images
concrete and evocative and significant
human experience; and
c.appreciate poetry and the connection it
can give to literary arts.
LET US RECALL
a)What was our topic last time?
b)Who was the author of the Story?
c)What have you learned from the
story?
PAINTING OF VAN GOGH
SHARING IDEAS
a)How would you describe this
painting?
b)What will you use to make your
painting artistic?
Poets are also like painters because they paint
using words.
PAINTING - is for painter
_________ - is for POET
Poets are also like painters because
they paint using words.
Poets express their feelings and
emotions through writing poems.What
category do poems belong?
_______________
UNLOCKING TERMS
1.Ieatrryl- associated with formal
writing and content of literature.
2.Vtprcdseeii-having the quality of
describing .
UNLOCKING TERMS
3.Hrrtlciaeo- effective use of language that
tends to use exaggerated words o language.
4.Ttcrbasa- characteristic apart from any
specific object and is difficult to
understand.
UNLOCKING TERMS
5.Ioneepprct-apprehending by the
means of the senses or of the
mind,cognitionand human
understanding .
POETRY
Poetry is a quality of beauty and intensity of
emotion regarded as characteristics of poems.
Poetry is a form of literature that uses
aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language.
POETRY
There are different figurative
devices to be used to create a good
piece of literary work such as a
poem.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Imagery-visually descriptive
or figurative language,
especially in a literary work.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Sight imagery: The tree spread its gigantic, sun-flecked
shoulders.
Sound imagery: The forest was hushed, resounding with echoes
of the tree’s stoic silence.
Touch imagery: The tree felt smooth as sandstone.
Taste imagery: The tree’s leaves tasted bitter, like unroasted
coffee beans.
Smell imagery: As we approached the tree, the air around it
smelled crisp and precise.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Simile-a figure of speech involving the
comparison of one thing with another thing of a
different kind, used to make a description more
emphatic or vivid.
Ex: "My love is like a red, red rose.
"This tree is like the god of the forest.
OR: This tree acts as the god of the forest.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Metaphor-a figure of speech in which a
word or phrase is applied to an object.
Ex: All flesh is grass."
This tree is the god of the forest.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Metonymy-is the use of a linked term
to stand in for an object or concept.
“We will swear loyalty to the crown.”
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Symbol-is literary device that contains
several layers of meaning, often
concealed at first sight, and is
representative of several other aspects.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
SYMBOLISM
“Peace” represented by a white dove
“Love” represented by a red rose
“Conformity” represented by sheep
“Idea” represented by a light bulb switching on
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Allegory-is a figure of speech to
abstract ideas into characters, figures
and events.
“The film is an allegory for his depression.”
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Personification-the attribution of a personal
nature or human characteristics to something
nonhuman, or the representation of an abstract
quality in human form.
Ex: "nature wept" or "the wind whispered
many truths to me"
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Personification (using sight): The car ran a marathon down the
highway.
Personification (using sound): The car coughed, hacked, and
spluttered.
Personification (using touch): The car was smooth as a baby’s
bottom.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Personification (using taste): The car tasted the bitter
asphalt.
Personification (using smell): The car needed a cold
shower.
Personification (using mental events): The car
remembered its first owner fondly.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Irony-a figure of speech in which words are
used in such a way that their intended meaning
is different from the actual meaning of the
words.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Hyperbole-is an unreal exaggeration
to emphasize the real situation.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
“I’m so hungry, I could eat a horse!”
“He is as strong as an ox!”
“That was so expensive it nearly broke the
bank!”
“She was shouting louder than thunder!”
“I’m so full I could burst.”
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Alliteration-is - the repetition of usually initial
consonant sounds in two or more neighboring
words or syllables
Ex: Big bad Bob bounced bravely.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Assonance-is the repetition of vowel sounds in
nearby words.
Ex: Tilting at windmills
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Onomatopoeia- is a word or group of words
that, when spoken aloud, imitates the sound it
produces.
Ex: Boom! Crash! Pow! Quack! Moo!
Caress…
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Repetition -is the simple repeating of a word,
within a short space of words (including in a
poem), with no particular placement of the
words to secure emphasis.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Repetition
• Ex: You are the way the truth and the life.
You will always be our way, truth and life.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Rhyme-is a repetition of similar sounds in the
final stressed syllables and any following
syllables of two or more words.
FIGURATIVE DEVICES
Rhyme
I saw a fairy in the wood ,
He was dressed all in green.
He drew his sword while I just stood ,
And realized I'd been seen.
QUIZ
• Choices:Simile, Metaphor, Personification
• 1.“The stars in the skyblinked and winked.”
• 2.“You’re like a star that shines so bright.”
• 3.“Your beauty is a star that shines so bright.
• 4.”4. “Your eyes are the stars I looked at night.”
• 5.“You’re As beautiful as the stars.”
• 6.“Time is Gold.”
• 7.“The time played hide and seekwith us.”
• 8.“Our precious time is like precious gold.”
• 9.“The leaves danced with the wind.”
• 10.“The leaves are the giver of carbon dioxide.”
ACTIVITY TIME
• Group 1:
Compose a 2
stanza song using
the photo as your
main subject, using
the literary devices.
ACTIVITY TIME
• Group 2: You will
make a caption
using figurative
language based
on the given
picture.
ACTIVITY TIME
• Group 3:Make an
acrostic poem,
still with the use
of the literary
devices.
ACTIVITY TIME
• Group 4: Write as
many different
words or phrases
about the object
or picture that
would appeal to
the five senses.
ACTIVITY RUBRICS
Categories Exemplary Accomplished Developing Beginning
4 pts 3 pts 2 pts 1 pt
Cooperation All members Members work Members work well Teacher
work well well together together some of the intervention
together all most of the time. time. need often to
the time. help group
cooperate.
Time Members Members finish Members finish on time Members did not
Management finish ahead on time with with incomplete data. finish on time
of time with complete data. with incomplete
complete data.
data
Presentation Presentation Presentation is Presentation is complete. Presentation is
clearly organized and disorganized
organized complete and incomplete
and
complete.
THANK YOU!
