ENGLISH FOR ACADEMIC
AND PROFESSIONAL
PURPOSES
LESSON 4:
OBJECTIVES AND STRUCTURES OF
VARIOUS KINDS OF REPORT
MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING
COMPETENCY (MELC)
• Determine the objectives and structures
of various kinds of reports
(CS_EN11/12A-EAPP-Ie-j-6).
OBJECTIVES AND STRUCTURES
OF VARIOUS KINDS OF REPORTS
• Report
• Types of report
• Objectives
• Structures
REPORT
• It is a major form of technical/business/professional communication.
• A report can be the description of an event by a person who witnessed
it to somebody else who was not actually present on the scene.
• It can be the description of the conditions that did exist, that do exist,
or that are likely to exist.
• It is formal in nature and is written for a specific purpose and
audience. It discusses the topic in depth and contains conclusions and
recommendations if required.
TYPES OF REPORT:
INFORMAL
• It usually takes in the form of a memo, letter as well as monthly
financial report, monthly activities report.
• This report differs from the formal report at full length and with
formality.
• It is written according to organization style and rules, but usually does
not include the preliminary (front) and supplemental (back) material.
• The informal report is usually more controversial in tone and typically
deals with everyday problems and issues addressed to a narrow
readership inside the organization.
EXAMPLES:
INFORMAL
• Progress report
• Sales activity report
• Personnel evaluation
• Financial report
TYPES OF REPORT:
FORMAL
• The formal report is the collection and interpretation of data and
information.
• The formal report is complex and used at an official level.
• It is often a written account of a major project.
• Examples of this include subject matter re: new technologies, the
advisability of launching a new project line, results of a study or
experiment, an annual report, or a year-old review of developments
in the field.
EXAMPLES:
FORMAL
1. Informational : present results so readers can
understand a particular problem or situation.
2. Analytical : presents, analyzes, and draws
conclusions based on those results.
3. Recommendation : suggests possible course
of action.
OBJECTIVES OF REPORT
• To present a record of accomplished work (Project report)
• To record an experiment (primary research report/laboratory
report)
• To record research findings or technical specifications (a report
on the details of a new product)
• To document schedules, timetables, and milestones (a report on
a long-term plan)
• To document current status (an inspection report)
STRUCTURES OF REPORT
• Title
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Literature survey
• Method/Methodology
• Results and discussion
• Conclusion and recommendation
• List of references/references
• Appendices
