The CES EduPack provides the resources to achieve this. It introduces students to a resource they can use in their later profession (like CAD or FE tools).
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The CES EduPack provides the resources to achieve this. It introduces students to a resource they can use in their later profession (like CAD or FE tools).
The CES EduPack provides the resources to achieve this. It introduces students to a resource they can use in their later profession (like CAD or FE tools).
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
The CES EduPack provides the resources to achieve this. It introduces students to a resource they can use in their later profession (like CAD or FE tools).
Copyright:
Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
Download as ppt, pdf, or txt
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University of Cambridge
The CES EduPack
Unit 1. Materials Selection: exploring the world of materials
New approaches to Materials Education - a course authored by Mike Ashby and David Cebon, Cambridge, UK, 2005
Outline Background: the motivation History -- the evolution of materials Materials and their attributes The nature of materials data Exploring relationships: material property charts
Resources: Materials Selection in Mechanical Design, 3rd edition (The Text) by M.F. Ashby, Butterworth Heinemann, Oxford, 2005, Chapters 1 - 4. CES EduPack 2009 software (www.grantadesign.com).
MFA and DC 2005
Teaching materials to engineering students
The philosophy
Engineers make things. They make them out of materials.
What do they need to know to do this successfully?
A perspective of the world of materials and processes (understanding) An ability to select those that best meet requirements of a design (methods) Access to information and tools to facilitate selection
The CES EduPack provides the resources to achieve this. It introduces students to a resource they can use in their later profession (like CAD or FE tools)
MFA and DC 2005
History the evolution of materials
MFA and DC 2005
The world of materials
Steels Cast irons Al-alloys
Metals, alloys Cu-alloys Ni-alloys Ti-alloys Alumina Si-carbide PE, PP, PC PS, PET, PVC PA (Nylon) Composites Sandwiches
Mechanical props. Thermal props. Electrical props. Optical props. Corrosion props. Supporting information -- specific -- general Unstructured information Structured information
A material record
MFA and DC 2005
Structured information for ABS*
Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) - (CH2-CH-C6H4)n General Properties Density Price 1.05 2.1 1.07 Mg/m^3 2.3 US $/kg
Electrical Properties Conductor or insulator? Good insulator
Flammability Fresh Water Organic Solvents Oxidation at 500C Sea Water Strong Acid Strong Alkalis UV Wear Average Good Average Very Poor Good Good Good Good Poor
Thermal Properties Max Service Temp Thermal Expansion Specific Heat Thermal Conductivity 350 70 1500 0.17 370 75 1510 0.24 K 10-6/K J/kg.K W/m.K
+ links to processes *Using the CES Level 2 DB MFA and DC 2005
Unstructured information for ABS*
What is it? ABS (Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ) is tough, resilient, and easily molded. It is usually opaque, although some grades can now be transparent, and it can be given vivid colors. ABS-PVC alloys are tougher than standard ABS and, in self-extinguishing grades, are
used for the casings of power tools.
Design guidelines. ABS has the highest impact resistance of all polymers. It takes color well. Integral metallics are possible (as in GE Plastics' Magix.) ABS is UV resistant for outdoor application if stabilizers are added. It is hygroscopic (may need to be oven dried before thermoforming) and can be damaged by petroleum-based machining oils. ABS can be extruded, compression moulded or formed to sheet that is then vacuum thermoformed. It can be joined by ultrasonic or hot-plate welding, or bonded with polyester, epoxy, isocyanate or nitrile-phenolic adhesives.
Technical notes. ABS is a terpolymer - one made by copolymerising 3 monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene and syrene. The acrylonitrile gives thermal and chemical resistance, rubber-like butadiene gives ductility and strength, the styrene gives a glossy surface, ease of machining and a lower cost. In ASA, the butadiene component (which gives poor UV resistance) is replaced by an acrylic ester. Without the addition of butyl, ABS becomes, SAN - a similar material with lower impact resistance or toughness. It is the stiffest of the thermoplastics and has excellent resistance to acids, alkalis, salts and many solvents.
Typical Uses. Safety helmets; camper tops; automotive instrument panels and other interior components; pipe fittings; home-security devices and housings for small appliances; communications equipment; business machines; plumbing hardware; automobile grilles; wheel covers; mirror housings; refrigerator liners; luggage shells; tote trays; mower shrouds; boat hulls; large components for recreational vehicles; weather seals; glass beading; refrigerator breaker strips; conduit; pipe for drain-waste-vent (DWV) systems.
The environment. The acrylonitrile monomer is nasty stuff, almost as poisonous as cyanide. Once polymerized with styrene it becomes harmless. ABS is FDA compliant, can be recycled, and can be incinerated to recover the energy it contains. *Using the CES Level 2 DB MFA and DC 2005
Shape Size Range Min. section Tolerance Roughness Economic batch Supporting information -- specific -- general Unstructured information Structured information
Processes
Shaping
Rapid prototyping
A process record
MFA and DC 2005
Finding information
Handbooks, compilations (see Appendix D of The Text) Suppliers data sheets
But no comparison or perspective
The Internet : www.matweb.com www.matdata.net
Finding data using the EduPack
Browse: locate candidate on MATERIALS or PROCESS TREE and double click,
or
Search: enter name or word string name (trade-name, or application)
3 levels of data, with increasing content
MFA and DC 2005
The EduPack Software Engineering text Industrial design text
Resource books, exercises and worked solutions
PowerPoint lectures
MFA and DC 2005
The CES Software
Specialist DBs
Eco design Mil handbook 5 and 17
Campus and IDES.
Level 1 1st year students: Engineering, Materials Science, Design
Level 2 2nd - 4th year students of Engineering and Materials Science and Design. 91 materials 107 processes
Level 3 4th year, masters and research students of Engineering Materials and Design. 2916 materials 233 processes
64 materials 75 processes
MFA and DC 2005
Finding information with CES
Toolbar
Browse
Select
Search
Print
Search web
Choose what you want to explore (materials, processes..)
Low alloy steel High carbon steel Stainless steel Ti-alloys 100
WC BC SiC Alumina Al-SiC Composite CFRP
1000
Young's Modulus (GPa)
10
Cu-alloys Zn-alloys Al-alloys Mg-alloys
Acetal, POM Polyester, rigid PS ABS PUR PC PE PP PTFE Ionomer EVA
Glass Ceramic Silica glass Soda-Lime glass
KFRP GFRP Plywood
0.1
0.01
Polyurethane 1e-003
Natural Rubber (NR) Neoprene
Metals Metals 1e-004 Materials:\METALS
Polymers Polymers Materials:\POLYMERS
Ceramics Ceramics & glass
Materials:\CERAMICS and GLASSES
Hybrids Composites Materials:\COMPOSITES
Untitled
Explore relationships Elementary selection (Find materials with large modulus)
MFA and DC 2005
Material property- charts: modulus - density
1000 Ceramics Youngs modulus E, (GPa) 100 Composites 10
Woods Metals
1 Foams 0.1 Elastomers 0.01 0.1 1 Density (Mg/m3) MFA and DC 2005
Polymers
10
100
Mechanical properties Why the differences? Atom size and weight
Bonds as (linear) springs
Spring constant for various bond types.
Manipulating properties Making composites Making foams
MFA and DC 2005
Thermal properties Why the differences? Bonds as non-linear springs 10% expansion at melting point, so expansion goes inversely as Tm Thermal energy as atom vibration, propagates as waves, scattered by obstacles
Manipulating properties High conductivity: purity Low conductivity, obstacles and foams
MFA and DC 2005
Providing methods and tools
At this stage students have a tool.
Materials that are light and stiff?
Materials with low expansion? with high conductivity?
Develops a perspective
MFA and DC 2005
Demo -- Report writing
File Edit
Open project
Copy Paste.
Save project Print .
What is it? ABS (Acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene ) is tough, resilient, and easily
molded. It is usually opaque, although some grades can now be transparent, and it can be given vivid colors. ABS-PVC alloys are tougher than standard ABS and, in self-extinguishing grades, are used for the casings of power tools.
Design guidelines. ABS has the highest impact resistance of all polymers. It takes color well. Integral metallics are possible (as in GE Plastics' Magix.) ABS is UV resistant for outdoor application if stabilizers are added. It is hygroscopic (may need to be oven dried before thermoforming) and can be damaged by petroleum-based machining oils. ABS can be extruded, compression moulded or formed to sheet that is then vacuum thermo-formed. It can be joined by ultrasonic or hot-plate welding, or bonded with polyester, epoxy, isocyanate or nitrile-phenolic adhesives.
Technical notes. ABS is a terpolymer - one made by copolymerising 3 monomers: acrylonitrile, butadiene and syrene. The acrylonitrile gives thermal and chemical resistance, rubber-like butadiene gives ductility and strength, the styrene gives a glossy surface, ease of machining and a lower cost. In ASA, the butadiene component (which gives poor UV resistance) is replaced by an acrylic ester. Without the addition of butyl, ABS becomes, SAN - a similar material with lower impact resistance or toughness. It is the stiffest of the thermoplastics and has excellent resistance to acids, alkalis, salts and many solvents.
Typical Uses. Safety helmets; camper tops; automotive instrument panels and other interior components; pipe fittings; home-security devices and housings for small appliances; communications equipment; business machines; plumbing hardware; automobile grilles; wheel covers; mirror housings; refrigerator liners; luggage shells; tote trays; mower shrouds; boat hulls; large components for recreational vehicles; weather seals; glass beading; refrigerator breaker strips; conduit; pipe for drain-waste-vent (DWV) systems.
The environment. The acrylonitrile monomer is nasty stuff, almost as poisonous as cyanide. Once polymerized with styrene it becomes harmless. ABS is FDA compliant, can be recycled, and can be incinerated to recover the energy it contains.
MFA and DC 2005
The main points
Classification allows materials data to be organized and retrieved
The data take two broad forms: (a) numeric, non-numeric data that can be structured in a uniform way for all materials (b) supporting information, best stored as text and images
Visual presentation of data as bar-charts and property (bubble) charts reveals relationships and allows comparisons The CES EduPack allows rapid access to information, and ability to make charts
