RAJSHAHI UNIVERSITY OF
ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
STUDY ON A FERTILIZER INDUSTRY
PRESENTED BY
1.Hosainur Rahman Aungon[Roll-1511007]
2.Razib Hossen[Roll-1511008]
3.Abid Hasan Badhon[Roll-1511009]
INTRODUCTION
Name Of The Industry- Shahjalal Fertilizer
Factory Ltd.
Founded- 1st July,2011
Founder- Bangladesh Chemical
Industries Corporation
Ltd. (BCIC)
Location- Fenchugonj,Sylhet
Total Area- 165 Acres
Product- Urea
Annual Capacity- 5,80,800 MT
MAIN COMPONENTS & RAW MATERIALS
Main raw material of the industry is natural gas.
Ammonia & Carbon dioxide are the main two components for the production of
Urea.
Ammonia : Ammonia is a compound of Nitrogen and Hydrogen. It is a colorless
gas with a characteristic pungent smell. Ammonia contributes significantly to the
nutritional needs of terrestrial organisms by serving as a precursor to food &
fertilizers.
Carbon dioxide : Carbon dioxide is a colorless & odorless gas vital to life on
Earth. This naturally occurring chemical compound is composed of a Carbon
atom covalently double bonded to two Oxygen atoms. For that kind of industry
large quantities of Carbon dioxide are produced during the Ammonia
manufacturing process as a by product from hydrocarbon such as natural gas.
METHODOLOGY/WORKING
PROCEDURE
Urea is manufactured by reacting ammonia and carbon dioxide in
autoclave to form ammonia carbamate .The operating temperature is
135 C and 35 atm pressure, the chemical reaction is endothermic
reaction so ammonia is maintained in excess to shift the equilibrium
towards urea formation. Urea production is based on two main
reactions.
1. Formation of ammonium carbamate.
2. Dehydration of ammonium carbamate to produce molten urea.
FLOW DIAGRAM OF UREA PRODUCTION PROCESS
FROM AMMONIA AND CARBON-DIOXIDE
PROCEDURE
Ammonia pumping : Liquid ammonia is pumped from
the multistage pump which maintain the reaction
pressure in the vertical stainless steel vessel.
Carbon dioxide compression: Ammonia plant directly
boost the carbon dioxide from the compression section
as it readily form at the carbon dioxide section of
ammonia production plant.
Urea synthesis tower : It is lined
with film of oxides to protect form
corrosion. Catalyst bed is placed in
the inner side of autoclave structure
and 180-200 atm pressure at
temperature about 180-200 deg
centigrade is maintained. Plug flow
operation take places and molten FIG - UREA SYNTHESIS
urea is removed from the top of the TOWER
tower.
Distillation tower and
Flash drum : This high
pressure slurry is flashed to
1 atm pressure & distilled
to remove excess ammonia
& decomposed ammonia
carbamate salts are
removed and recycled
FIG – DISTILLATION
TOWER
FIG – VACUUM
EVAPORATOR
Vacuum Evaporator : The solution is fed to vacuum
evaporator for concentrating the slurry.
Prilling Tower : It is dryer where
the molten slurry is passed from
top of the tower into a bucket
which rotates and sprinkles the
slurry & air is passed from the
bottom. All the moisture is
removed as the urea from into
granules during it journey to the
bottom of the tower. This granules
are sent by conveyor to the
FIG – PRILLING bagging section.
TOWER
PRODUCT
The urea fertilizer, also popularly called forty six zero zero(46-
0-0), is a simple or straight (single-element)fertilizer that
supplies the major essential element nitrogen in ammonia from
(NH4+).
USES OF UREA FERTILIZER
1.Urea can be applied in the soil in the form of
solid prills or pellets.
2.It decomposes into gaseous
ammonia ,carbon dioxide and water.
3.It fertiles the soil as a result more crops can
be grown in small place.
THE END
THANK YOU
