DAPITAN CITY FIRE STATION
What is FIRE?
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material (the fuel) in
the exothermic chemical process of combustion,
releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.
Characteristic of Fire
Fast – fire doubles every 30 seconds under normal
conditions. In as little as 3 minutes, a small fire can
erupt into a “FLASHOVER”
Dark – a small fire can produce enough smoke to fill a
building in minutes. Smoke results in: teary eyes,
choking sensation, impaired judgement due to
carbon monoxide (CO)
Hot – within minutes, air temperature in a burning
room can reach 300 degrees Celsius. This
temperature is hot enough to melt clothes and skin.
Deadly – most people who died in fires died of
soffocation by inhaling smoke and toxic gases.
CHEMISTRY OF FIRE
The diffusion flame process (fire) is a rapid self-
sustaining oxidation process accompanied by the
evolution of heat and light of varying intensities.
Fire is consist of three basic elements, as
represented by the fire triangle: HEAT, FUEL and
OXYGEN.
FIRE TETRAHEDRON/FIRE TRIANGLE
METHOD EXTINGUISHMENT
COOLING METHOD
Cooling the burning material is
the most common method used
to extinguish fire.
However, you should never
apply water to fires involving
hot cooking oil or fat; water can
cause the fire to spread
METHOD EXTINGUISHMENT
SMOTHERING
To cut off the supply of oxygen.
METHOD EXTINGUISHMENT
STARVATION
achieved by removal of the fuel
burning in the fire.
CLASSES OF FIRE
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
Types of Fire Extinguisher
• Dry Chemical (mono ammonium
phosphate)
Dry chemical powder is used on all classes of fires.
Dry chemical powder put out the fire by coating the
burning material with a thin layer of dust, thus
separating the fuel from the oxygen in the air. The
powder also works to interrupt the chemical reaction
of fire, so these extinguishers are extremely
effective at putting out the fire.
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
• Carbon Dioxide
Carbon dioxide extinguishes work by
displacing oxygen, or taking away the
oxygen element of the fire triangle. ...
Suitable for class B flammable liquid fires
(petrol, oil, solvents), and recommended
for use on live electrical equipment.
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
• AFFF (Aqueous Film
Forming Foam)
AFFF Foam Fire Extinguishers provide a
fast, powerful means of tackling flammable
liquids. The foam forms a seal over the
surface to prevent re-ignition. Ideal for multi-
risk usage.
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
• HCFC-123
Halocarbon based fire extinguishers, this are the best
and ideal choice for various sensitive cases such as
server rooms and other sensitive electronic equipment
and applications.
Although this type of fire extinguisher can be use to
extinguish class A, class B and class C fires and certain
one, they are perfect for use on electronic equipment
because they do not leave a chemical residue or any
traces that could damage electronic component of
various equipment.
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
Parts of the
Fire Extinguisher
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
• T - Twist
• P - Pull
• A - Aim
• S - Squeeze
• S - Sweep
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
How to Use a Fire Extinguisher
• T Twist the plastic lock in the pin. So that the
extinguishers lock latch and to get the pin.
• P Pull the pin. Some extinguishers require
releasing a lock latch, pressing a puncture
lever or other motion.
BASIC FIREFIGHTING TOOLS
• A Aim low, pointing the extinguisher nozzle (or it's
horn or hose) at the base of the fire. Aim the fire
from 6-8 feet away.
• S Squeeze the handle. This releases the extinguishing
agent.
• S Sweep from side to side at the base of the fire until it
appears to be out. Watch the fire area in case fire
breaks out again, and repeat use of extinguisher if
necessary.
FIRE SAFETY PLAN
Fire Safety Checklist
Marks
FIRE SAFETY PLAN
Fire Safety Checklist
Maps
FIRE SAFETY PLAN
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
What to do IN CASE OF FIRE?
- If your clothing catches on fire
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
What to do IN CASE OF FIRE?
- Crawl low under smoke
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
What to do IN CASE OF FIRE?
- Test door before opening - Don’t Lock Safety Gates on
Windows
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
USE ELECTRICITY SAFELY
Signs of Problems for Electrical
Appliances:
• Flickering lights
• Smoke or odd smells
• Blowing fuses
• Tripping circuit breakers
• Frayed or cracked cords
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
USE ELECTRICITY SAFELY
Don't run extension cords across where
they can be walked on
Cover the outlet
Check for hot switch
Avoid octopus connection and
overloading
Unplugged all electrical appliances after
every use
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
COOK
SAFELY Do not leave the kitchen when
cooking
Clean spilled oils or greases. Old
food particles and greasy build-up
can ignite
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
COOK
SAFELY Do not place any combustibles
beside the stove
If frying pan catches fire, NEVER
spill water on it but instead cover
it with wet rugs.
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
Check LPG tank and its hose for
possible gas leak.
Close the main valve if there is
such.
Clean the stove and hose from oil
greases and other residue
Buy tank from reliable supplier and
not from fly-by-night dealer
FIRE SAFETY TIPS
If gas leak is DETECTED with considerable
amount of fumes, NEVER create any sparks
by:
switching on the light or flashlight
opening your cellphone to avoid fire or
explosion.
OPEN the window and door for ventilation
SERENDRA GAS EXPLOSION
Global City, Taguig
• May 21, 2013
Cause of Fire: GAS LEAK
ADDITIONAL FIRE SAFETY TIPS
- NEVER disable or remove the battery from a
smoke alarm. Frequently test smoke alarms
and make sure that you replace batteries
regularly
- Burning candles should NEVER be left unattended.
Keep flammable items like fabric and paper away
from candles
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
Action taken when fire strikes
• S - Sound the Alarm
• A - Advice and activate fire brigade
• F - Fight the fire, if possible
• E - Evacuate the area/ premises
• T - Tell others
• Y - You get out, clear the area
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
REMEMBER:
LIFE AND PROPERTY CAN BE SAVED AND
PROTECTED BY THESE EIGHT LETTERS
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
• S - Scheduled check-ups/ inspection
• T - Teach fire prevention
• O - Organize fire brigades
• P - Provide fire escapes and firefighting equipment
• F - Facilitate & conduct fire drills
• I - Increase awareness, knowledge and skills
• R - Report fire hazards
• E - Eliminate fire risks
QUOTE TO PONDER
“An ounce of
PREVENTION is worth
than a pound of CURE”
Fire Safety Plan
IN CASE OF FIRE, PLEASE CALL
Dapitan City Fire Station
Smart – 0998-279-7726
Globe – 0967-024-2872
Landline – (065)213-6660
IN CASE OF
EMERGENCY
CALL 911
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
Fire Exit Drill
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
What is Fire Exit Drill?
A fire drill is a method of practicing how a building would be
evacuated in the event of a fire or other emergencies.
In most cases, the building's existing fire alarm system is activated
and the building is evacuated by means of the nearest available exit as if an
emergency had actually occurred.
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
What is the purpose of Fire Drill
To prepare the employee in dealing with an emergency
situation that may arise because of a fire on office. It makes
each and every employee familiar with the task he or she has
to perform in case of actual emergency.
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
What not to do during Fire Drill
You must not panic and the same is true when a
real fire comes through.
You must not treat it as a joke – a fire drill is
designed to prepare you for a real fire.
FIRE SAFETY PROGRAM
How to conduct Fire Exit Drill
1.Ask nominated observers to go to their positions. ...
2.Ask a member of staff at random to set off the alarm. ...
3.Time how long it takes for people to evacuate. ...
4.Observe people's actions and any difficulties during the drill.
5.Carry out a roll call at the assembly (muster point)
THANK YOU!
