Energy and Power Resources

Energy:
• Energy is defined as the capacity of doing work.
• Anything which has the capacity to push the matter from one place to another possesses the
energy.
• There are various forms of energy such as heat, light, sound etc.
• A source of energy is that which is capable of providing useful energy at a steady rate over a
long period of time.
Types of energy:
• Thermal energy
• Radiant energy
• Light energy
• Chemical energy
• Nuclear energy
• Electrical energy
• Gravitational energy
• Mechanical energy
Thermal Energy: Radiant energy:
• Thermal energy or also called as heat energy is • Radiant energy is a form of electromagnetic
produced when there is a rise in temperature, energy.
that causes atoms and molecules to move • This type of energy can take the form of visible
faster and collide with each other. waves, which is what we call light energy.
• Thermal energy is the energy that comes from • The sun produces a lot of radiant energy which is
the heated up substance which means that the transmitted to Earth as light.
hotter substance, the more it’s thermal energy
• Some examples of radiant energy are from the
sunshine, X-rays, and radiant heating systems.
 Light Energy: Chemical Energy:
• Light energy is a form of electromagnetic • Chemical energy is energy stored in the bonds
radiation of a wavelength which can be seen by of chemical compounds, like atoms and
the human eye. molecules. This energy is released when a
• It is a type of Kinetic energy. chemical reaction takes place.
• In an electromagnetic spectrum, we can see that • Usually, once chemical energy has been
light has the wavelength visible to our eyes. released from a substance, that substance is
transformed into a completely new substance.
• Light energy is formed through the movement of
photons.
Nuclear Energy:
Electrical Energy:
• Electrical energy is the power an atom’s charged
• Nuclear energy is a form of energy particles have to cause an action or move an object.
released from the nucleus, the core of The movement of electrons from one atom to
atoms, made up of protons and neutrons. another is what results in electrical energy.
This source of energy can be produced in • Electrical is most often generated at a power plant
two ways: fission – when nuclei of atoms by electromagnetic generators, primarily driven by
split into several parts – or fusion – when heat engines fueled by combustion or nuclear
nuclei fuse together. fission but also by other means such as the kinetic
• Nuclear power comes from nuclear energy of flowing water and winds
fission.
Gravitational Energy: Mechanical Energy:
• Gravitational energy or gravitational potential • Mechanical energy is the sum of potential
energy is the potential energy a massive energy and kinetic energy.
object has in relation to another massive • It is the macroscopic energy associated with a
object due to gravity. system. The principle of conservation of
• It is the potential energy associated with the mechanical energy states that if an isolated
gravitational field, which is released when the system is subject only to conservative forces,
objects fall towards each other. then the mechanical energy is constant.
 POWER RESOURCES:
Power resources means the sources of energy available to us needed for driving machineries
Industries, fuel in the transport sector, provide light and heat for domestic and industrial use.
Power resources are of two types:
• Conventional resources
• Non-conventional resources
 Conventional Resources:
• Conventional resources, also known as non-renewable resources are sources of energy that cannot be renewed
or replenished. They include petroleum, coal and natural gas. Fossil fuels are the main sources of conventional
energy. These are finite resources that will eventually be exhausted.
• Conventional resources were formed millions of years ago because of natural climatic changes in the earth’s
ecological system wherein organic material in the presence of heat and pressure decayed and became fossil
fuels in the earth’s crust. Anon-renewable resource is a carbon based organically derived fuel. Some of the
resources that fall under the category of non-renewable resources are as follows:
• Minerals and ores found under the earth’s surface.
• Fossil fuels such as coal, petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas deposits.
• Groundwater
 Non-Conventional Resources :
• Non-Conventional resources are also called renewable resources, are sources that are continuously replenished by natural
processes. For example, solar energy, wind energy, bio-energy – bio-fuels grown sustainably, hydropower etc., are some of
the examples of renewable energy Sources.
• Energy generated by using wind, solar, small hydro, tides, geothermal heat and biomass is known a non-conventional energy.
• All these sources are renewable process of energy generation and do not cause environmental pollution. Our country has
been endowed with adequate natural resources.
Non-conventional energy source and also it’s categories:
• Solar energy. Sunlight is one of our planet’s most abundant and freely available energy resources.
• Wind energy. Wind is a plentiful source of clean energy.
• Hydro energy
• Tidal energy
• Geothermal energy
• Biomass energy
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