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Industrial Control: Flow Sensor

This document provides an overview of two common types of flow sensors: variable area flowmeters and paddle wheel flow sensors. Variable area flowmeters use a float that finds equilibrium when the area around it equals the column flow, allowing direct reading of the flow rate. They are low cost, simple, and can measure liquid or gas flows. However, they have limitations such as a narrow turndown ratio and difficulties with viscous or coating liquids. Paddle wheel flow sensors detect the rotational speed of a turbine spun by flowing media. This frequency output indicates the flow rate. They are widely used in industries like oil/gas, water treatment, and have advantages of direct volumetric measurement, fast response, and material flexibility

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Mohd Syukri Abdul Mutalib
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103 views18 pages

Industrial Control: Flow Sensor

This document provides an overview of two common types of flow sensors: variable area flowmeters and paddle wheel flow sensors. Variable area flowmeters use a float that finds equilibrium when the area around it equals the column flow, allowing direct reading of the flow rate. They are low cost, simple, and can measure liquid or gas flows. However, they have limitations such as a narrow turndown ratio and difficulties with viscous or coating liquids. Paddle wheel flow sensors detect the rotational speed of a turbine spun by flowing media. This frequency output indicates the flow rate. They are widely used in industries like oil/gas, water treatment, and have advantages of direct volumetric measurement, fast response, and material flexibility

Uploaded by

Mohd Syukri Abdul Mutalib
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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INDUSTRIAL CONTROL

Flow Sensor

Page 1

Type Of flow sensor


1. Variable Area Flowmeters 2. Paddle Wheel Flow Sensor

Page 2

Variable Area Flowmeters

Page 3

Basic principal
Fluid flow moves the float upward against gravity. Float will find equilibrium when area around float = column flow of the fluid. Some types have a guide rod to keep float stable

Page 4

i.

This technology uses a straight tube with conical slots to achieve the variable area.

ii. This allows for a higher flow in a smaller package and gives us full control over the turndown iii. Flow rate can be read directly on a scale mounted next to the tube iv. No secondary flow-reading devices are necessary.
Page 5

INDUSTRY USED
Commonly used to provide more effective cost such as for:
i. ii. iii. iv. v. vi. vii. purging in the mining mineral processing pulp and paper petroleum chemical petrochemical waste water industries

Page 6

Chemical Industry
i. Variable-area flowmeters are among the most popular flowmeters because of their straightforward, direct reading. In variable-area meters, fluid flowing through a slightly tapered tube causes a float, piston, or vane to change position inside the tube, adjusting the area available for fluid to pass through. The fluid velocity determines the final float position.

ii.

iii.

Page 7

In systems engineering
i. Typically the user would like to implement reliable and simple flow measurement, allowing onsite readings by operating personnel. Regardless of the nominal diameters and connections, the VA 40 always has the same compact installation length and this is one of the major reasons why it is so popular among systems engineers.

ii.

Page 8

Advantages
i. Low Cost (pricing usually starts < $100) ii. Simple Reliable Design iii. Can Measure Liquid or Gas Flows iv. Tolerates Dirty Liquids or Solids in Liquid

Page 9

Disadvantages
i. Usually Limited to a 10:1 Turndown ii. Electronic Output Difficult and Expensive iii. Coating Liquids a Problem iv. Must Calibrate for Viscous Liquids and Compressed Gases v. Errors due to Changing Viscosity for Liquids and Line Pressure for Gases

Page 10

Paddle Wheel Flow Sensor

Page 11

Basic principal
i. ii. An in-line rotor spins as the media flows The rotational speed of this rotating turbine is a direct function of the flowrate iii. The turbine rotation is detected electronically iv. The two primary methods of sensing rotation are: Magnetic pick-up main consideration is magnetic particles in the flow stream. Inferred (optical) sensing main consideration is dark media which will block the inferred signal. i. This frequency output is either used directly or is converted to a proportional analog signal ii. Paddle-style is like a riverboat paddlewheel, turbine-style rotates on the longitudinal axis in a corkscrew fashion Page 12

INDUSTRY USED
It were widely applied in the chemical industry, petroleum, light industry, medical treatment, fertilizer, food, paper, environmental protection, synthetic fiber and scientific research.

Page 13

Oil and gas industry


Flow meters measure the volumetric flow of liquids or gases in a pipe. A paddle-wheel flow meter is a device that has a set of spinning paddles. As the liquid moves across the paddles, the speed at which it moves the paddles determines the flow rate. The meter sends a signal to a computer, or receiver, that indicates the paddle speed.

Page 14

Water dispensing and treatment system


The PWS Series Meters are mounted directly to a saddle. A hole is drilled in the pipe, the saddle is mounted on the pipe and the sensor is inserted into the pipe and sealed with the screw cap. The rugged cast iron saddle and reliable insertion paddle wheel make a reliable and easily serviced installation.

Page 15

Advantages
Direct, accurate volumetric flow measurement (Often with visual indicator) Fast response with good repeatability Material flexibility (good compatibility) Easy installation and maintenance Minimal pressure drop Sense very low flow rates

Page 16

Disadvantages
Primarily clean media Low viscosity media magnetic coupled electronics Pipe must be full for accurate readings Over-ranging flowrate (>20%) causes excessive bearing wear

Page 17

GOOD LUCK FOR PHASE TEST!!

Page 18

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