The document provides an introduction to the study of phonetics. It discusses phonetics as the study of speech sounds, including their production (articulatory phonetics), physical characteristics (acoustic phonetics), and perception (auditory phonetics). It also covers the main branches of phonetics - articulatory, acoustic, and auditory phonetics. Articulatory phonetics describes speech sounds in terms of movements and positions of vocal organs. Acoustic phonetics analyzes speech sounds in terms of physical properties like frequency and duration. Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are transmitted, processed, and perceived by the brain.
The document provides an introduction to the study of phonetics. It discusses phonetics as the study of speech sounds, including their production (articulatory phonetics), physical characteristics (acoustic phonetics), and perception (auditory phonetics). It also covers the main branches of phonetics - articulatory, acoustic, and auditory phonetics. Articulatory phonetics describes speech sounds in terms of movements and positions of vocal organs. Acoustic phonetics analyzes speech sounds in terms of physical properties like frequency and duration. Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are transmitted, processed, and perceived by the brain.
The document provides an introduction to the study of phonetics. It discusses phonetics as the study of speech sounds, including their production (articulatory phonetics), physical characteristics (acoustic phonetics), and perception (auditory phonetics). It also covers the main branches of phonetics - articulatory, acoustic, and auditory phonetics. Articulatory phonetics describes speech sounds in terms of movements and positions of vocal organs. Acoustic phonetics analyzes speech sounds in terms of physical properties like frequency and duration. Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are transmitted, processed, and perceived by the brain.
The document provides an introduction to the study of phonetics. It discusses phonetics as the study of speech sounds, including their production (articulatory phonetics), physical characteristics (acoustic phonetics), and perception (auditory phonetics). It also covers the main branches of phonetics - articulatory, acoustic, and auditory phonetics. Articulatory phonetics describes speech sounds in terms of movements and positions of vocal organs. Acoustic phonetics analyzes speech sounds in terms of physical properties like frequency and duration. Auditory phonetics studies how sounds are transmitted, processed, and perceived by the brain.
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Introduction to Phonetics
Faculty of Letters Gunadarma University PTA 2013/2014 What is phonetics?
Phonetics is the study of speech sounds.
a) how they’re produced (articulatory
phonetics) b) their physical characteristics (acoustic phonetics) and c) how they’re perceived (auditory phonetics).
http://www.uiowa.edu/~acadtech/phonetics/e nglish/frameset.html PHONETICS /fəˈnɛtɪks/ • Phonetics is the scientific study of language sounds. • It is a branch of linguistics that comprises the study of the sounds of human speech. • It covers the domain of speech production, transmission and reception. 1. ARTICULATORY PHONETICS • Articulatory phonetics is the branch of phonetics concerned with describing the speech sounds in terms of their articulations, that is, the movements and/or positions of the vocal organs (articulators). 2. ACOUSTIC PHONETICS • Acoustic phonetics is the study of the acoustic characteristics of speech, including an analysis and description of speech in terms of its physical properties, such as frequency, intensity, and duration. • In acoustic phonetics, phoneticians depict and analyze sound waves using computer machines and by different computer programs. • The resulting sound wave travels in medium of air and reach from speaker to hearer where these sound waves are interpreted as a meaningful message. 3. AUDITORY PHONETICS • Auditory phonetics is the branch of phonetics concerned with the hearing of speech sounds and with speech perception. • In Auditory Phonetics, we study how the sounds are transmitted from the ear to the brain, and how they are processed. It covers the domain of speech production, transmission and reception SPEECH ORGAN: PRONUNCIATION The act of producing the sounds of speech using speech organs, including articulation, stress, and intonation, often with reference to some standard of correctness or acceptability (such as IPA, RP, etc) The use of Phonetic Transcription: A phonetic transcription can be used prescriptively, to show students how a given word or phrase should be pronounced. Reasons for Pronunciation Problems: 1. The Differences in the Phonemic Systems between English and Bahasa Indonesia. Example: / ʃ /, / θ / English / s /, / t / Indonesia 2. The similar sounds between English and Bahasa Indonesia but they are in different distributions. Example: peak – speak – spread – leap paku – lapar - lengkap 3. The Non-existence of Consonant Clusters in Bahasa Indonesia A consonant cluster is a combination of two or more consonants. Such clusters may occur in initial, medial, of final positions. Example: speak-spread, worlds, twelfth etc
4. Suprasegmental sounds: stress, length,
pitch, and intonation SEGMENTAL & SUPRASEGMENTAL SOUNDS When learning English we will find two kinds of speech features (Ramelan, 1985: 22). 1. Segmental features, which refer to sound units, arranged in a sequential order; or it is about consonant and vowel. 2. Suprasegmental features refer to stress, pitch, length intonation and other features that always accompany the production of segmental. Suprasegmental Sounds suprasegmental, also called Prosodic Feature, in phonetics, a speech feature such as stress, tone, or word juncture that accompanies or is added over consonants and vowels; these features are not limited to single sounds but often extend over syllables, words, or phrases. Sound/symbol correspondence
enough through thorough thought bough
[ʌf] [u:] [ə] [ɔ:] [aʊ]
think those thistle thong
[θ] [ð] [θ] [θ]
church chemistry loch Cheryl
[tʃ] [k] [x] [ʃ] Transcription – the art of reducing speech to writing Don’t be influenced by English spelling!! Transcribe what is, not what ‘ought’ to be For instance, speech sounds can influence neighbouring sounds: i[n] Newcastle i[m] Bolton i[ŋ] Carlisle
Trust your ears, not your years of education!!
Transcription – the art of reducing speech to writing
Remember: a word in isolation may be
spoken differently to a word in connected speech compare to = [tu:] give it to him = [gɪv ɪt tə ɪm]
(Weak forms are syllable sounds that become
unstressed in connected speech and are often then pronounced as a schwa [ə] ) International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) The IPA is the major as well as the oldest representative organisation for phoneticians. It was established in 1886 in Paris.
2011 marked the 125th anniversary of the
founding of the IPA, and 2013 is the 125th anniversary of the first publication of the International Phonetic Alphabet and the formulation of the principles. International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA) The aim of the IPA is to promote the scientific study of phonetics and the various practical applications of that science.
The latest version of the IPA Alphabet was
published in 2005. The final sound / -id / can be found in the pronunciation of the word ______ a. badged c. formatted b. shined d. formed /wƆkt/ is the phonetic transcription of the word _______ a. worked c. walked b. worded d. wicked _________ is NOT called an aspirated consonant when it is an initial position. a. / p / c. / k / b. / d / d. / t / 35. The word “theory” consists of _____ syllables. a. 2 c. 3 b. 5 d. 4
